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Women in science: The odyssey of the female scientists, from the Background to the „Procrustean bed”—The opaque mirror of the male correlate
129-157Views:9This study examines the social ideology regarding gender equalities, through outstanding women’s scholars, which is based on old traditions and customs. Among other things, I present the
main stages of the scientific career of Maria Michell, Marie Curie, Lise Meitner, Vera Rubin. I capture the subject within the theoretical framework of women’s studies, which is characterized by
many questions and debates, for example the biological or the cultural determinism (the nature
or education, religion, culture, socialization) have greater influence on gender roles. -
Some demographic characteristics of long-term commuting in Hungary
3-19Views:40The study aims to show the most important demographic characteristics of long-term
commuting workers and the emerging territorial disparities using the latest available statistics.
The main motivation for commuting, including long commuting, is still to get the job they deem
appropriate, but about a quarter of a million people take on much greater burdens than average
and only travel home weekly or less frequently in Hungary. Most of them make this decision by
force, as there are no job opportunities in their place of residence, but the income they provide is
very important for their families. Long-term commuters mostly do seasonal work (construction,
catering, etc.) and work in physical jobs. Unsurprisingly, men are more likely to take on the life
form with increased physical and psychological strain, but not only the heads of the family in
their forties, but also young people in their 20s who are not yet independent of their families
are represented in large numbers. Long commuting is characterised by marked territorial
inequalities, and those affected mainly start from villages, despite the fact that the high level of public employment in the most disadvantaged areas is affecting the direction of the stay of the
workforce. -
Basic income: Sugar-coating over a bitter pill?
159-181Views:14Current and future evolutions in labour markets may be blurring lines between traditional
employment and new types of atypical employment, making it harder to reliably assess whether
someone is receiving any benefits at all. The basic income should be seen as a serious option in
the future, given the changing labor market and the findings from existing cash transfer schemes.BI is not means-tested, so the amount received does not depend on individual or family income or
assets and does not require any work performance, or the willingness to accept a job if offered.
In this study I examine the created image by the media through the method of content
analysis, in relation to basic income. Furthermore, it is analyzed to what extent this effect creates
a negative image of basic income among the students of the University of Debrecen, strengthening
the fear towards this social policy tool. Particular attention is paid to the value choices of young
people focusing on their individualization, motivation of working and willingness to take risks. -
The Earning and cash management characteristics of the roma communities living on the margins of society in Budapest
110-128Views:25In this essay, I aim to explore the income and cash management characteristics of the roma
communities living on the margins of society in Budapest. In my research, my main focus was the
way people are living in the segregated streets of “Magdolna district” reacted to the declining
opportunities after the economical system change. Another question to be answered is what
strategies these families and households use to provide the sufficient amount of income, and if
there is any kind of economical or ’life-management’ community function between them beyond
the segregation.
After reviewing the job opportunities, I concentrated on the characteristics of the consumption
structure. I interviewed them about their costs of living as well as the possible ways of reducing
their expences. I also tried to examine how the cooperation of extended families effect the
everyday life of the smaller parts of these families. -
Factors that influence matechoice among college women
136-158Views:18The centre of the study is the influential factors of female students in higher education. As a
research question, does the institution of marriage continue to be a prominent place among
female students in higher education as a planned relationship? And, does a person with
a higher education level of education develop a relationship with a higher educated person,
therefore achieving homogeneity of relationship? Thereby the choice of coupling is presented in
addition to the examination of marriage, cohabitation and postponement mechanism, beyond
the factors influencing partner selection, which are analyzed in a qualitative research of tenpersons. Factors include age, place of residence, origin and religion, separation from parenting,
educational attainment, material capital and labor market situation, planned duration of the
relationship and effects of the information age. -
A possible vision for young public workers or The Hungarian JWT
121-130.Views:9According to different statements more and more youngsters, under 25 years of age, appear in Public Work Programs at the present time in Hungary. Even it occurs more frequently that pa-rents, primarily because of financial reasons, take out their children from school, and send them to public workers.This paper draws attention to this phenomenon. Furthermore, it shows a possible paral-lel between those young people who are in JWT (Job Without Training) and those Hungarian youngsters who are working in Public Work Programs reflecting on the Hungarian particulari-ties of this parallel.
The concept of JWT and its categories are presented, and also which of these categories may connect with the Hungarian public workers’ state of being. Statistical data show the rate of public workers and their gender breakdown. Reports also suggest that the rate of young public workers is growing and their situation may become futureless.The author thinks that the growth of young public workers’ rate and their settled situation in this employment sector is likely to make inevitable for them to become NEET in the future. -
Familyplanning and labour market aspirations among youth in fosterhome
87-109Views:24Several international and national organisations are concerned with the aspect of children. This
essay examines a special group of children and youth who live in fostercare. Their future aspects
are basically determined by the break away from their families. Even they area way from their
familiesf or a short or a long time, becoming an adult is a complex process and many factors
define their lives. Among these factors the environment of the fosterhome and the relationship
with the biological family is essential. The essay focuses on two fundamental dimensions of
becoming an adult: familyplanning and working. Although the desires about their future lives
are quite diverse, the implementation is similarly difficult for each of them. Those who haven’t got the supportive background are hadicapped in many dimensions. In these cases the
childprotection has a leading role. The essay attempt stogive an insight to these young adults’
futureplans while it highlights the dimensions of familyplanning and working. -
A tanyák: Csatári Bálint (1949–2019)
93-109Views:26Ezt a tanulmányt Csatári Bálint emlékének tiszteletére jelentetjük meg a Metszetek Társadalomtudományi folyóiratban. Megírásának pillanatában még nem tudtuk, hogy ez lesz Bálint életének utolsó írásműve. Cikkét valójában egy átfogó, tanyákról, falvakról szóló önálló könyve egyik fejezetének szánta, amelynek megírására a Debreceni Egyetem Szociológia és Szociálpolitika Tanszéke nevében kértük fel. A tervezett közös munkánk, amelyet Bálint óriási lelkesedéssel kezdett el, sajnos, nem teljesedhetett ki. Könyve egyik fejezetének szánt utolsó tanulmányát most változtatás nélkül közöljük. Csatári Bálint az Alföld, az alföldi települések és társadalmuk kutatója volt. Az alföldi szórványtelepülések és tanyák modern kori fejlődésének és Magyarország lemaradó térségeinek vizsgálatai mellett elhivatott képviselőként emelt szót a területi és társadalmi egyenlőtlenségek ellen.
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Effectively influence on people: or are helping professionals free to utilize manipulative impacts?
78-108Views:23The economic and political crises of the last two decades have been greatly influenced by the fact
that, impacted by manipulative effects, instead to follow their rational judgements people have
made their decisions under the influence of emotional and instinctive temtation, deception and
manipulation. So far, these manipulative influences dominate contemporary commercial or populist political communication. The paper below shares the author’s hesitation that, while
non-rational factors bias from rational arguing and reasoning, both in decision-making and in
communicative impacts on the other person inevitably present, is it acceptable to manipulate
the users/clients by assisting professionals/social workers while exercising influence on decision-making of their clients? And if so, under what conditions, what specific constraints could be
exercised such impacts and „professional power”? Likewise, when and what can and should be
done to immunize clients against manipulation, to mitigate manipulative effects, to „gain back”
rational mind and „empower” clients to follow rational consideration and make wiser decisions?
The article does not undertake to provide „only” true and correct answers, rather gives insights
and tries to provoke its reader to contribute to clarifying this important issue. -
Methodological approach to Intersectionality
108-126Views:50Intersectionality as an inequality conception or a particular perspective was already introduced to the readers of the Metszetek in 2014. In this study I undertake to review some methodological approaches to intersectionality. Moreover, I strive to make an effort to emphasize the adaptibility of intersectionality. Based on the new tendency which has been noticable recently in the inequality dimensions. I delineate, this tendency has completely transformed the focus away from an overemphasis on gender equality towards those suffering multiple, complex forms of discrimination. Many of the feminist scholars deal and dealt with the connection to inequality dimensions (principally race, class and gender). Necessary to pinpoint that indeed intersectionality does not command an unitary definition. A vast number of the international feminist scholars created their own intersectionalty definition, from which I am going to underline some. From among the methodological approaches I focus on Choo and Ferree’s intersectional statement; “Inclusion-centered interpretations, Process-centered models, Systemic intersectionality: Institutional interpenetration”. In this paper I announce two sociological studies that were undertaken using intersectionality method. Finally a summary is presented that undelines why it is worth scholars exploiting intersectionality as a methodology?
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Future vision-creation: Examination the motivations behind the future plans of Hungarian youngsters
5-19Views:44In our rapidly changing world, it is becoming more and more complex and complicated for
young people to plan their future, which is perceived as a problem by all who are involved. Issues
such as one’s relation to democracy, their desire to have children, their intentions to pursue
further studies, whether they plan their future in their place of residence or abroad or the risk
of deviant behavior are not only important from the point of view of the individual but also for
society, as the future of a given region is also influenced by the above indicators of future vision.
Research methods traditionally applied in youth research, which focus on socio-demographic
characteristic features (i.e. objective life situation indicators), are less and less capable of
providing adequate answers to these questions. In my hypothesis, to identify the underlying connections, the research tools of psychology and sociopsychology are also necessary to be
applied apart from traditional sociological methods.
Therefore, in my study, by the secondary analysis of the most recent, 2014 data of the
European Social Survey, I intend to demonstrate the significance of the underlying motivations
as future vision creating factors behind the decisions Hungarian young people make. -
Social policy model change in Hungary in the light of post-2010 governance
28-42Views:161Hungarian social policy underwent a major shift in emphasis following the change of government in 2010. The aim of this study is to examine the direction of these changes of emphasis compared to the models used by Esping-Andersen to typify welfare states. The analysis uses the classical criteria of the models and analyses changes in social policy principles, goals and instruments in five areas. In the areas of employment, family policy, tax policy, housing policy and crisis management, we would like to show that in Hungary we cannot currently speak of a purely conservative social policy model as declared by the government. The conclusion of our study is that the Hungarian system currently uses mixed elements, although the declared values are conservative and the authorities try to preserve conservative structures and actors, there is a significant shift in emphasis in social policy, and the mixed model shows strong liberal elements.
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Hármas határokról antropológiai megközelítésben
191-195Views:14A kötet tematikus szerkezete lehetőséget nyújt az olvasó számára, hogy a kezdeti
elméleti felvezetés után a terepmunka módszerének köszönhetően egy-egy fejezeten keresztül részese legyen az adott térség lokális közegének. A néprajzi megközelítés eredményeként nem csak a fizikai határ jellemzőit ismerhetjük meg közelebbről, hanem betekintést nyerhetünk a helyi közösségek identitásformálásának
legfontosabb mechanizmusaiba. A széleskörűen és változatosan vizsgált hármas
határ blokkok igyekeznek megragadni és hűen ábrázolni a kisebbség-többség kapcsolatból adódó másság és önmeghatározás kérdéseit. Mindemellett olyan alapvető
témákat is középpontba állítanak a szerzők, amelyek a tapasztalt lokális jelenségek
mellett kiterjedtebb és komplexebb kérdéseket is felvetnek, úgymint a regionális
identitás, az informális kereskedelem és a határon túli kisebbségek jövője.
