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Conflicts and democracy: Considerations on political conflicts and the need of their delimitation
8-24Views:20According to our common experience of political life, the relationship between politics and
conflicts seems to be obvious. However, it is also common to think about delimiting the intensity
of conflicts in a democratic context. This kind of complexity of the relation of democracy and
conflicts can be cexplained from two theoretical perspectives. First, in order to protect democratic
order, conflicts may lose their relevance in comparison to the value of consent or compromise. Second, even if we accept the importance of conflicts, we also should take into account the limits
of their intensity. These theoretical problems arise in the context of contemporary politics which
nature is eminently public and in which every announcement is open to discussion. This is what
discourse as a theoretical horizon means. The core concept for theorizing the conflictual character
of politics in a discursive manner is political debate. The article explores three kinds of debate
and communicative conflicts: John Stuart Mill, as a classical nineteenth century liberal, sheds
light on the importance of debate in issues of collective truth-seeking and emotional devotion
to our personal values. Márton Szabó, a leading theorist of political discourse in Hungary, also
treats debate as a core concept of political discourse studies, and theorizes debate not only as
a series of singular acts in the realm of politics, but as a mode of existence of politics itself.
Contrary to other contemporary ideas of communication and politics, discourse is therefore
inherently conflictual in its character. Similarly, but more embedded in contemporary debates
over democracy, Chantal Mouffe, one of the eminent theorists of agonism, interprets conflicts
in the context of democratic order, and emphasises the democratic conditions for constructing
democratic identities. Her ideas on agonistic democracy can fathom the relation of valuable
conflicts and their limits in a democratic regime. -
Cseh fotográfia a két világháború között a művészet, társadalom és politika hármasa felől közelítve
105-122Views:26A tanulmány a két világháború közötti cseh fotográfiára fókuszál a média és technika szemszögéből. A fotózás jelentős szerepet játszott a 1920-as és 1930-as években a modern kultúra kialakításában az újfajta tömegtájékoztatás, az iparosítás, a megváltozott szabadidő és kulturális
kapcsolatok révén. A tanulmány tehát a fotóművészetre mint gondolkodást befolyásoló tényezőre összpontosít. A tanulmányban fontos cél, hogy az eszmék fordított áramlását mutassa be, tehát azon dimenziók felől közelítsen a fotográfiához, amelyeket maga a fotóművészet ragad meg. -
The EU states innovation and competitiveness clusters in 2013
22-36Views:13In the era of the innovation economy it is natural that innovation is one of the key definitions, because of its literature is excessively far-reaching: global, micro and macro level, in connection of
the business and non-business sector, it’s also defined in social context. The literary background
of this essay shows a historical overview of the development that occurred in the definition of
innovation and its different interpretations.
After exploring the literary background a quantitative, descriptive and explanatory statistic
analysis will be written in a monothetic and deductive approach. In this phase of my research
I will make macro level international comparative analyzes with the help of the EU and the
WEF (World Economic Forum) data base (Innovation Union Scoreboard, illetve Global Competitiveness Index), and the SPSS software. This essay’s goal is to determine whether there is a
connection between innovation processes and the forming of competitiveness on a macro level
and if there is how it can be interpreted. Later with a similar goal and methodology I would like
to make international micro level comparative analyzes and then by combining the macro and
micro level results, I will determine how the macro level innovation policy influences the micro
level innovativeness and competitiveness. Using all of these results I would like to determine the
special features of the national innovation policy and the chances for optimalization. -
The Changes in political participation among Hungarian youth
25-41Views:13Citizens’ political participation is a key issue of a democratic political system. The starting point of the paper is political participation of young people in democratic institutions is not merely a question of young people’s interest in politics, but also the result of institutional opportunities and mobilization channels that are available for them. The present article aims to interpret the political participation of Hungarian youth is interpreted more broadly than in former studies. On the one hand it shows how a change of attitudes occurred among Hungarian youth concerning the perception of political participation perception. On the other hand it describes the institutional and social context where participation of Hungarian young people is taking place today.
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Territorial integration and development policy. : The case of Vértes Nature Park
41-63.Views:20The paper seeks to understand the influences of development policy initiatives on territorial in-tegration. Through the analysis of Vértes Nature Park case study we aimed at exploring whether the territorial relationships of the stakeholders can be restructured by spatially based develop-ment. The aim of the paper is to present the mechanisms of territorial integration by a case study analysis of rural territorial development.Our findings show that the participation and involvement of stakeholders in rural develop-ment are determined by their role and status in the initiative, thus the initiator actors are the more active ones. The territorial relationships of stakeholders are increased and strengthened by the level of involvement in the activities of Vértes Nature Park. Nevertheless, the territorial closeness also affects the stakeholders’ involvement. Csákvár and its surroundings have central position in this territorial relationship. The acceptance of the principals of the initiatives is also affected by the territorial closeness and it limits the contested development initiatives.
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A way out of the crisis in economically underdeveloped and depressed regions by building an inclusive, local, green economy
1-30Views:32The pervasive process of globalisation means that any development project, whether focused on a large or small territorial unit, must take into account both international and domestic socio-economic trends, as these are decisive both in terms of the opportunities and the way in which they are exploited. This is particularly true of areas that are economically underdeveloped or areas that have been the base of heavy industry and are in decline as a result of economic restructuring, which have been hardest hit by the crisis. In this study, these are collectively referred to as disadvantaged areas. In order to address the growing territorial disparities after the change of regime, regional development policy has tried to provide various benefits to these lagging regions, and therefore laws have been passed to determine which areas can be included in the list of beneficiaries. Law No XXI of 1996 distinguished between socio-economically backward areas, areas affected by long-term unemployment, areas affected by industrial restructuring, and agricultural and rural development areas. According to Parliamentary Resolution 24/2001 (20.4.2001), the beneficiaries were: socio-economically backward areas, areas undergoing industrial restructuring, agricultural and rural development areas (RARDI).
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Politics and media - Structure of the Hungarian media network in autumn 2018
107-129Views:21This article focusing on the changes within the Hungarian media sphere after the Orban–
Simicska conflict. After the conflict the Hungarian media sphere has changed radically. Those of
the media outlets which belonged to Lajos Simicska had cease their operation. Business persons
who have close ties to Fidesz has founded new media outlets. In my article I analyzed three
political case which happened during the Fall 2018. I assumed that the media sphere in Hungary
had become more polarized than before. In order to prove it, I created two groups of the media
outlets. The first one, which have close ties to the governing party, and the second one which has
not got ties to Fidesz. During my research I used three different methods. First, I
recorded astatistics about the articles. According to this, the media agenda shows large difference between
the groups. I did content analysis on the articles, which shows us a huge polarization between
the groups. The third one, was network analysis. The network analysis did not confirmed the
polarization hypothesis. -
The slave trade and trust
172-177.Views:15Does culture have an impact on society, and if so, how? The study by Nathan Nunn and Leonard Wantchekon set out to examine the impact of the slave trade, which has left its mark on the African continent and its economy, but which ended some 100 years ago, on the cultural, norm-following, beliefs and values of individuals. Their aim is to explore the reasons that led to the historical disconnect within Africa between local governments or municipalities (politics), between the outlying communities (neighbours) and even within family relations, which may still influence economic development today. Nunn and Wantchekon's hypothesis is based on an earlier study by Nunn, which showed a causal link between the 400-year slave trade and the income conditions of the African population today, looking at the long-term economic effects of the slave trade.
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Reconfiguration in Post Euromaidan symbolic landscape: comparison of Kyiv and Transcarpathia
142-164Views:13The relation between power and public space has been one of the main interest of geographical
research in the last decades (Massey 1994, Mitchell 2003). Researches have illustrated that
following a regime change, the symbolic space of the city – compiled of street names, statues
and monuments – usually gets reconfigured. Following the Euromaidan, in 2015, the laws on
decommunization were accepted in Ukraine, which disposed more comprehensibly than ever before the banishment of Communist symbols from the public space. The decommunization
besides toponymy, entangled other elements of public space resulting in major shifts the urban
landscape as well.
Main interest of present paper is to study the major shifts in symbolic landscape in the capital,
Kyiv and compare it to the processes that have taken place in the westernmost periphery of the
country, Transcarpathia. Based on the examples of Uzhhorod, Berehove raion and Berehove, our
further aim is to shed light on the role of locality and how local memory is represented in public
space.
