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Obstacles for women in career advancement
65-83.Views:81Today the level of knowledge, qualifications of female are immensely increasing, but despite
their skills there are still encounter obstacles in their careers, and women still appear to be
underrepresented in top-level leadership positions. Many analysis findings indicated that there
is a strong negativ relationship bertween the impact of the old traditions and women career
developement.
This paper attempts to identify all the obstacles and gender-related segregation of the
labour market such as vertical and horizontal segregations and also raises awareness of that
complex problem. Because there is a triple burden on graduate and leading women, work at
home, their job and the struggle with the sexist working environment. -
The effect of successfulness on family and friendly relationships
54-71Views:122The study examines the impact of leadership roles and success on family and friendship relationships between men and women. The literature on this topic typically focuses on the analysis of success and failure, but the impact of family and friendships on leadership success is a less published area. The questionnaire data collection (n = 437) was conducted among women and men using a snowball method, with separate questionnaires. The questionnaire data were analysed using ANOVA test and Chi-square test. Research findings suggest that female and male leaders differ in their perceptions of the impact of their own successful leadership roles. Male leaders perceived personal skills, unique ideas, reputation and spousal support as determinants of successful leadership, whereas female respondents did not perceive these factors as being important. More than half of men (51.8%) agreed with the statement that their leadership successes have led them to make new friends instead of old ones. This compares with only 4% of women. Almost half of female leaders (47.1%) believe that they have kept their old friends. Less than half (45.1%) of women feel that leadership has had a positive or negative impact on family and relationships.
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Women in urban poverty in Hungary: Maids and working women in the labour market before 1945
64-73Views:63A 19. század végi ipari forradalom okozta gazdasági és társadalmi átalakulás számos változást hozott Magyarországon. Az infrastruktúra és a közlekedés fejlődése lehetővé tette a nők számára, hogy új munkalehetőségekhez jussanak, elhagyják a hagyományos közösségeket és új életformákat próbáljanak ki.
Magyarországon a cselédtartás továbbra is társadalmi szokás maradt, és még a két világháború között is sokakat érintett.
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Female quotas for women in academia, or natural but slow change that might take decades? Between Scylla and Charybdis
191-205Views:54This present study aims to provide a comprehensive representation of the Hungarian aspects of
academic membership for women, based on the contribution of valuable insight from researchers and academics while also listing the possible opportunities and tools that might be of help
for raising the proportion of female academics in our country. The study summarizes their voices
articulated on the pages of Magyar Tudomány [Hungarian Science]. -
Women in science: The odyssey of the female scientists, from the Background to the „Procrustean bed”—The opaque mirror of the male correlate
129-157Views:47This study examines the social ideology regarding gender equalities, through outstanding women’s scholars, which is based on old traditions and customs. Among other things, I present the
main stages of the scientific career of Maria Michell, Marie Curie, Lise Meitner, Vera Rubin. I capture the subject within the theoretical framework of women’s studies, which is characterized by
many questions and debates, for example the biological or the cultural determinism (the nature
or education, religion, culture, socialization) have greater influence on gender roles. -
„Women Question” in the Political Parties’ Discourse in Post-Revolution Tunisia (2011–2014)
127-145Views:54For more than fifty years, the Tunisian political system has been considered as a so-called secular system that had provided women with many rights in education, healthcare and in economic and political sectors, besides that woman friendly family laws reforms After the overthrown of Ben Ali regime on 14th of January 2011, the Tunisian society witnessed an economic, social and political significant transformation. A new Islamic-secular discourse have been raised debates both in public and private sphere, women’s rights have been one of the incendiary topics of these debates. Therefore, with the participation of the Islamists in political life, the country has faced a new political dynamic which made the pollical scene complex and ambiguous. In this context, discourse analysis is a very important and crucial to be used as a method to approach to the research main question. Some leaders’ speeches, events which took place during the democratic transition are examined and analyzed in order to serve the research’s analytic interest through the relevant materials.
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Danger on the labour market - some thoughts on occupational segregation
49-63Views:66Workers must be guaranteed equality, the possibility must be created for them not to be discriminated against on the basis of their work, the activities they carry out, and ultimately the results of their work. This is a serious obligation on the state, which it must ensure through its legislation and through the judgments of the courts, because social security cannot be achieved otherwise. The State's responsibility in this respect is not bound by time or place, since, as long as there has been a legal relationship in the development of labour law, this has always been a matter of concern for workers - and for labour lawyers.
It is not easy to assess, because even today, when general equality and equality of rights have been an accepted principle for centuries in almost all parts of the world (but not, of course, in those parts where, for example, there are serious traditional differences between men and women in society, such as in the Arab world), this problem is still a daily occurrence.
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Relativized gendergizmos
107-119Views:30Gender-theory is an arguable direction of social gender phrasing; especially its concept, that deviancies from the biological orientation are optional. The notion of transgender ortrans-sexuality as a social construction evolved in the 1990’s from post-structuralist philosophies. Nowadays
multiple theories are mingled, and a relatively small minority seems to determine the majority’s
traditional orientation. Present article is to discuss radical wings of gender theories, especially
the ones that aim to alter the individual’s identity by relativizing the natural born biological
sex, or by opposing it with social gender. Instead of dealing with the biological trans-gender
(trans-sexuality, intersexuality, etc...), present work researches chosen gender, or the social gender roles and the corresponding ideologies; as well as a practical alternative, the intermentality
outline topic. -
Health-related information gathering practices among outpatients
124-138Views:59Introduction: Obtaining health information is an important part of health behaviour. However, there is limited data available about information gathering habits of patients. Aims: To identify different patient groups according to their information gathering habits.
Methods: Questionnaire survey among potential patients in an outpatient clinic in Budapest. The survey consisted of the following domains: sociodemographic data; habits of visit a doctor; communications method with a specialist; use of technical devices.
Results: The survey was completed by 260 patients (36,2% men; 63,8% women). Patients primarily get medical information from their doctors, followed by the internet, where different websites and Facebook groups are the most common sources of information. Mostly they use the internet for checking their symptoms and complaints, however searching for data about their physicians and healthcare institutions are uncommon. Patients who are young, active workers, highly educated are more active, while elderly patients and widows search less information on the internet. Conclusions: There are socio-demographic groups who are underinformed by digital healthcare related issues. Audited websites and social media releases could play an important role in
the information gathering process of patients, and also supplement patient-doctor relationship. -
Representations of induced abortion in the Hungarian online media
121-152.Views:72This study focuses on how induced abortion is represented in the Hungarian online media in
relation to the reception of the public debate on the new Polish abortion law. The study was aimed
at revealing the major themes, the embedding conceptual network and the framing of induced
abortion in the online press. Since the press is an essential influencing factor of public opinion
due to its broad publicity, research should focus on the characteristics of the discourse in whose
space the concerned individuals form their views and make decisions on abortion. A thematic
analysis of relevant press releases revealed eight major themes that framed abortion in a specific
manner: thematization of induced abortion as a social/demographic issue; legislative issues of;
and attitudes towards, abortion; abortion as an act of (physical) self-determination; contents
related to the abortion decision; to its causes and consequences; and depiction of women
choosing abortion. Furthermore, the analysis revealed the themes most frequently associated
with abortion and potentially related themes typically not associated with it. -
The Career Concepts of Male Workers with or without Child
91-105Views:50The question of reconciliation of work and family is getting highlighted in social studies. For a
long time, a lot of studies concentrated on young mothers; however, researchers have realized
that this problem proves difficult to men as well. As Bencsik-Juhász write: ” As the actual labor
market primarily employs and caters for men, with all the inherent ad-vantages (like higher wages for the same job) and disadvantages (like longer working hours), it is no wonder that
the stronger labor-market presence and activity of women also changes the traditional family
roles”(Bencsik – Juhász 2012: 616). The public opinion has been starting to expect double sets of
obligations from the fathers, the traditional family supporter role is still strong, while men are
also expected today to take part in child-rearing. The question is whether these processes effect
on men’s career.
This study presents career perspectives of male workers with or without child. The authors
made a quantitative survey in order to get to know this question. Based on research conducted in
2016, it is possible to say that men with or without child are different in this question. -
The choice of medical career – What do our field work experiences represent?
5-21Views:92Background: One of the greatest challenges of the XXI. century is the changing of the medical profession. Beside of the process of deprofessionalism, the demographic and social composition of the medical society have also been altering. More women became medical doctors in recent years. Parallel to these changes, the career motivations of medical students are transforming. Method: 175 first year medical students from the Semmelweis University participated in our study. They wrote about their career motivations based on a fixed set of viewpoints. The narratives were analysed by both quantitative and qualitative (content analysis) methods. Results: The female students are committed to medical profession at younger ages. The most important factors in career choices are altruism and scientific interest for both genders. There is a male dominance in career motivations of experiences, knowledge and benefits. Conclusions: The changing face of career motivations has a significant impact on both the physicians and the patients. This issue opens up possibilities for following research.
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Changes in family decision-making and division of labor among weekly families
148-165Views:109The study deals with the transformation of decisions and division of labor within the family by
processing the results of a qualitative, interviewed study of the target group of weekly workers.
The study shows how decisions are restructured according to roles within the family and how
the roles of women and men change as a result of the regular absence of one family member.
From the point of view of the approach to domestic work, the differences between weekdays and
weekends, which can be considered as a consequence of weekend, come to the fore. In the course
of the analysis, we examined whether there was a change in the decision-making processes
within the family as a result of the weekly (and if so, what areas were affected by the change)
and whether there was a radical change in the division of family responsibilities as a result of the
weekend. I present the results on the basis of two dimensions, on the one hand, of the phenomena
of disposition and decision-making over income, and, on the other hand, of the division of family
responsibilities and problem-solving. -
Factors that influence matechoice among college women
136-158Views:71The centre of the study is the influential factors of female students in higher education. As a
research question, does the institution of marriage continue to be a prominent place among
female students in higher education as a planned relationship? And, does a person with
a higher education level of education develop a relationship with a higher educated person,
therefore achieving homogeneity of relationship? Thereby the choice of coupling is presented in
addition to the examination of marriage, cohabitation and postponement mechanism, beyond
the factors influencing partner selection, which are analyzed in a qualitative research of tenpersons. Factors include age, place of residence, origin and religion, separation from parenting,
educational attainment, material capital and labor market situation, planned duration of the
relationship and effects of the information age. -
Alone together? Shared space, time, and solidarity in commuter relationships
72-87Views:50Long-distance relationships have always existed, however, as a result of globalization, modern
communication technology, as well as widespread travel opportunities, their number has
increased. This study focuses on commuter relationships, that is, those couples that only see
each other during the weekend or in every few weeks due to working far from their home. 24
interviews were conducted with commuter couples in small towns and villages. A key research
question involved satisfaction levels among interviewees. Dissatisfaction with their relationship
was relatively rare, except some women complained about increased household tasks. Daily
communication and modern communication technology had an immense role in boosting
satisfaction levels. Technology has also contributed to the creation of shared space and time
among commuter couples. Regular communication, special dates, and shared plans for the
future also raised relationship solidarity. To survive time apart and make time spent together
more special timework was used, which was done together for the purpose of influencing the
subconscious and subjective sense of time. -
The Career-building effect of volunteering in higher education
146-160Views:89Nowadays the motives for volunteering are changing among higher education students, and
besides traditional altruistic motives, career-building motives also appear (the acquisition
of work experience and professional knowledge, professional development, networking,
the presentation of voluntary work in the resume). In this paper, we use data from a survey
conducted in five Central and Eastern European countries (N=2,199) to examine through linear
regression analysis the factors affecting the strength of career-building motives and to analyse
through a logistic regression model the determinants of whether or not volunteering is related to the field of study. Our hypotheses are formulated based on the literature. Our results show
that career-building motives are more pronounced among women and students who have a
close relationship with external friends outside the university, study outside Hungary, and study
something other than engineering, computer science or science. Voluntary work is more likely to
be related to the field of study among teacher education students, students with an unfavourable
financial situation, those who study in Romania, and those who have a close relationship with
faculty. -
Mothers with young children in labour market
29-51Views:466The study examines the labour market integration and employment attitudes of women with young children among the factors influencing the extremely low Hungarian fertility rate. The literature review looks at the role of education, working while raising children, the role of careers, work-life balance and the glass ceiling phenomenon. In the empirical part, We will present, without any claims to exhaustiveness, a typical set of problems that fundamentally determine women’s presence in the labour market. We surveyed 1,033 respondents on attitudes towards work, time spent at home and difficulties in finding a job. The results of the questionnaire survey were evaluated using the SPSS 26.0 software package, including mainly descriptive statistical methods. We found that discrimination against mothers with young children still persists in job interviews. The contribution to the family’s financial expenses is the main factor influencing the return from maternity leave. When choosing a job, the key factor is the work schedule of the job applied for.
