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Teaching methods among primary school students during the Covid-19 epidemic
78-102Views:321The research focuses on the effects of the Covid-19 epidemic among primary school children, the transformations of the educational framework, within the study focuses on pedagogical perspectives. Mandatory online education frameworks have drawn attention to the differences between classroom lessons and digital teaching, the background dimensions of the teaching profession, which can also be interpreted as challenges in today’s education system. Accordingly, the study reflects the social and mental problems generated by the pandemic, the digitalisation that has become necessary in the field of education, the difficulties in the delivery of curricula affecting teachers, that is the pedagogical state of emergency and quarantine pedagogy. A pedagogical database teaching in small and large cities provides a basis for changes in teaching methods (n = 12). As a result, they have been able to present school-specific cases of online education, efforts to deliver digital learning materials, along with the difficulties in many cases and the innovations that can be incorporated later.
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The Tertiary education plans of disadvantaged secondary grammar school students in Hungary
42-64Views:186My study focuses on tertiary education chances and opportunities of disadvantaged and multiply disadvantaged children and youngsters. The target group of the research consisted of disadvantaged full-time secondary grammar school students who aim to get out of their position and status with the help of further education. Via the interviews I tried to examine the difficult topic of further education from the perspective of the disadvantaged and the multiply disadvantaged students, also aspiring to reveal their notions and fears about the topic. The main goal of my research was to get an insight into the perspective and mentality of disadvantaged and multiply disadvantaged students.
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„I have to be constantly disciplined” – a possible hypothetical model for pedagogical characters
160-172Views:174How discipline the teachers in the primary schools in Hungary? How should they discipline to
meet the expectations, values and norms of our society? According to my research, in today’s
primary schools there are significant differences between discipline and conflict management.
I analyse the differences and I set the behavior patterns of the teachers into three distinct types.
These three characters are controlled from traditions, outside and inside. These three types are
distinctly distinct in everyday life of schools, with different effects on students’ socialization. In
this paper, I present this hypothetical model, its operation in the dimension of discipline. The
interviews that underlie the analysis were prepared by village teachers teaching in the Vásárosnamény micro-region. -
The place and role of field studies in teaching medical sociology
44-55Views:212Introduction: The goals of the subject of Medical sociology are to familiarize and explain the relationships between social environment and health. The theoretical and practical elements of the medical sociology education and the field studies that form a part of practical work serve these goals. During filed studies, we build on the previous knowledge and experience of the
students. Method: The themes of the field studies change from semester to semester. From the series of studies we picked three themes that were connected to and built on each other. We present the role of field studies through their description and the explanation of our experiences. Results: Field studies add empirical skills and experience to the knowledge acquired during the
theoretical and practical training of medical sociology. The field study assignments also serve to strengthen the effects of the “hidden curriculum”, the process of the indirect professional socialization at the medical school. Furthermore, the new knowledge and skills give the students a better understanding of the scientific literature helping them in the interpretation of statistical
and methodological aspects of biomedical results and concepts. Conclusion: Our experiences show that field studies are an efficient teaching method. Its most important outcome is sensitizing medical students towards health related social problems and helping them to understand and handle such problems. -
Rural Small Schools’ Social Functions and Structural Dilemmas in Disadvantaged Areas
28-53Views:73This study examines the situation of small rural schools in disadvantaged areas, structured around five main research questions: (1) how small schools can be defined conceptually and what their key characteristics are, (2) what structural and operational challenges they face, (3) how they are related to educational inequalities, (4) what community roles and functions they fulfil, and (5) what social policy directions and preservation arguments can be identified. The analysis was based on a systematic literature review carried outin 2025. From 2847 initial records, 127 relevant publications (89 international and 38 Hungarian) were included and analysed through thematic synthesis, covering both national and international databases. The findings indicate that small rural schools are not merely educational institutions but also key nodes of social capital, cultural identity, and economic viability in rural societies. At the same time, in disadvantaged regions, compositional effects and segregation processes amplify the reproduction of disadvantage, leading to the “equity trap” dilemma, access alone does not guarantee genuine equality of opportunity. The study concludes that the survival of small rural schools requires targeted social policy interventions that balance the need for access with the assurance of educational quality.
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The situation of Roma education in Harghita county – attitudes of pedagogues
75-92Views:176The study presents the attitudes and behaviours of pedagogues, based on interviews with
teachers working with Roma children which constitute the quotidian educational practice. In
absence of institutional programs, infrastructural and personal conditions, the teachers need
to find solutions for the given difficulties. They become the key figures of the integration process
and hence their attitudes and approaches are determining from the point of view of Roma
children’s school efficiency. The target audience of the research are composed by pedagogues,
who teach in elementary schools in the Csiki Basin in Harghita county, where the rate of Roma
learners exceeds 25 percents. Signalling the main directions of the national policy and the
presentation of literature examining the Hungarian-Roma relationship in Szeklerland offer a
broader framework for the interpretation of the subject. -
Schools on the Edge – Struggling with Multiple Disadvantages in Numbers
5-27Views:53This introductory study examines the situation of small rural schools in Hungary using statistical data from 1990 to 2022. The paper aimed to identify settlements where primary education has been permanently absent or operates in a limited “small school” format. Findings reveal that school closures and the transformation into small schools are concentrated in peripheral areas burdened by social, economic, and infrastructural disadvantages. Nearly half of Hungarian settlements lack a primary school, while the number of small schools has steadily declined, with significant fluctuations in their status. The study highlights that remote, service-deficient regions fail to attract highly qualified teachers despite salary increases, further deepening educational inequalities. Maintaining small schools is not merely an educational policy issue but a matter of social cohesion, as the disappearance of local institutions perpetuates disadvantages and increases the risk of segregation.
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The predictive power of maternal and paternal involvement during high school on students’ higher education efficiency
5-31Views:256Parental involvement encompasses activities that support a child’s development and academic progress. Within this framework, home-based and school-based involvement can be distinguished; however, the literature also identifies a third dimension: academic socialization. This study hypothesizes that higher levels of parental involvement during secondary school positively influence achievement in higher education, despite the fact that most existing research does not address long-term effects. Using a large-scale dataset spanning five countries, we investigate the relationships between maternal and paternal involvement in secondary school and subsequent academic achievement in higher education. Our findings indicate that discussing the importance of learning – an indicator of academic socialization – is perceived as part of mothers’ everyday activities factor, while for fathers, it is associated with value transmission and emotional support factor. Notably, both factors were found to have a positive effect on higher education achievement. Based on these results, public education systems should implement programs that emphasize the long-term significance of learning for both parents and children.
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„Women Question” in the Political Parties’ Discourse in Post-Revolution Tunisia (2011–2014)
127-145Views:163For more than fifty years, the Tunisian political system has been considered as a so-called secular system that had provided women with many rights in education, healthcare and in economic and political sectors, besides that woman friendly family laws reforms After the overthrown of Ben Ali regime on 14th of January 2011, the Tunisian society witnessed an economic, social and political significant transformation. A new Islamic-secular discourse have been raised debates both in public and private sphere, women’s rights have been one of the incendiary topics of these debates. Therefore, with the participation of the Islamists in political life, the country has faced a new political dynamic which made the pollical scene complex and ambiguous. In this context, discourse analysis is a very important and crucial to be used as a method to approach to the research main question. Some leaders’ speeches, events which took place during the democratic transition are examined and analyzed in order to serve the research’s analytic interest through the relevant materials.
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Causes of the educational and labour market overrepresentation of women among NEET youth – Trends in Hungary’s Northern Great Plain region
32-51Views:179In the member states of the European Union, the gender distribution of the NEET generation (young people aged 15–24 or 15–29 who are not in education, employment, or training) does not follow a uniform pattern. While in Western countries men tend to be overrepresented in this group, in Eastern European member states, including Hungary, women are affected disproportionally. In this study, beyond a review of the relevant literature, we also present the results of our qualitative research from 2024 carried out in Hungary’s Northern Great Plain region (Hajdú-Bihar, Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg, and Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok counties). In this research, we examined the forms of gender inequality among NEET youth in terms of education and the labour market. Our key finding is that although men have, on average, lower levels of educational attainment and a higher rate of early school leaving than women, their long-term labour market prospects are more favourable. This is due to their greater geographic and occupational mobility, broader employment opportunities, and smaller burden of family responsibilities.
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Transition from higher education to the IT sector in Cluj-Napoca
64-93Views:163The present paper focuses on those factors that affect transition from higher education to the
IT sector in Cluj-Napoca, in cases of entrants with informatics, automatization and computer
technology degree. The results show that transition to the IT market in Cluj-Napoca is primarily
influenced by the dependency of the local IT market on western IT markets with more central
positions, followed by the competition for workforce. The first factor: dependency is due to skill
shortages on the labour market in Cluj-Napoca. Launching new trainings with the involvement
of other departments at universities, such as design, business, sales, marketing or business
informatics can reduce dependency according to the representatives of the local institutions of higher education. Transition from higher education to the IT sector for entrants in ClujNapoca is smooth, due to the strong competition for workforce (second factor). Entrants select
their potential workplace based on the reputation of a workplace, position/projects, team
and remuneration. Labour shortage is present both in the IT sector and in higher education.
A long-term solution for reducing labour shortage in both sectors could be provided by creating
attractive career paths in the academy which would require stronger cooperation between
companies, state and higher education institutions, according to the representatives of the
institutions of higher education. -
Equal opportunities and integration in the career choice: The relation between school competences and job market integration
173-190Views:181The competences manifested in the career choice decisions refer to the success of integration
and equal opportunities. They are able to forecast these social processes in a predictive way. The
career choice competences connect the individual features and the social scenes, so by analysing
them already the secondary school age group’s labour market success can be predicted.
By studying and analysing of the competence fields with the method of revealing the sociological, psychological and pedagogical correlations it is possible to determine the labour market competences of students facing career choice, which determines the success of their social
integration into the society at a personal level. Career choice plays a connecting part between education at schools and the labour market; therefore it has an important part concerning equal
opportunities and integration, beyond the effect of qualification. In my study I am describing this
process via displaying the affected competence fields.
