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• The economic quickening role of the credit unions related to the execution of the Egán Ede-plan in Transcarpathia

  30-62

  Róbert Bacsó

  Gábor Pataki

  Views:

  27

  The purpose of this study was to submit the last years’ particularities of the hungarian
  economical supports in ventures’ improvements of competitiveness, representing through the
  transcarpathian business environment and a specific sector (credit unions). In the period when
  the study was being carried out there were not such statistic data at service as the efficiency
  of the supports could have been shown precisely, but in virtue of the first years’ experiences
  those deviances and elements (which need minor corrections) have been clarified which can improve the plans’ fulfilment. On the other hand – which means the central point of the study –
  the authors’ realization is over the non-refundable aids to grant micro or so called co-operative
  credits which makes independent the economics’ process of quickening, which can give a longterm
  insurance to the capitalization’s enhancement of the micro-, small- and medium-sized
  enterprises (ventures). For this a good tool can be the resurrection of the credit union system and
  the improvement of the infiltration to our economical system, which is widespread in Ukraine,
  endemic in Transcarpathia but not peculiar in our hungarian region nowadays. The system’s
  estimate of situation and the principle proposal for the future is drafted in this study.

• The characteristics of employers' (and employees') behaviour in a rural border area today, based on interviews

  162-180

  Judit Erdős

  Tibor Valuch

  Views:

  33

  Clichéd as it may seem, it is undeniably true that the employment situation in Hungary is bad. The profound transformation of the economy and society in 1989-1990 brought about fundamental changes in the labour market. The main features of this were the disappearance of full employment and the emergence and persistence of unemployment. The economic activity of the Hungarian population declined significantly, due to, among other things, the disappearance or restructuring of enterprises and cooperatives, the fall in production and turnover, and the more intensive use of labour under new conditions, while the number of economically inactive increased.

  To avoid unemployment, people opted en masse for pensions or pension-like benefits, while young people stayed in school longer in the hope of better job prospects and, even with a much lower birth rate, the number of people still using home-based forms of childcare was essentially the same as before. After 1998, the number of inactive people fell slightly, but in 2009 the number of 15-64 year olds was still 2.6 million, about 7% (166,000) higher than in 1992. Employment fell significantly in the years following the change of regime, mainly as a result of the transformation of the economy. It reached its lowest point in 1996, when some 3.6 million people were in work, 1.3 million fewer than in the period of regime change.

• Training and employment: Information and knowledge flows between training institutions and employers

  31-48

  Judit Csoba

  Katalin Ábrahám

  Ilona Nagyné Varga

  Views:

  38

  For a region's economy to develop, it is essential to develop integrated forms of operation that manage the available resources efficiently. This is particularly true in a border micro-region with a predominantly small population, where for decades farming has been essentially based on agricultural subsistence and employment opportunities have been limited. Matching the employment and training structure, balancing supply and demand in the training and employment system can also be beneficial for the economic and social development of a disadvantaged micro-region. The development of border micro-regions was seriously handicapped before the change of regime. Small and medium-sized settlements on both sides of the border were depopulated and their inhabitants were ageing. Over the past few years, regional development has been based on local needs and existing resources, resulting in the creation of nearly 2 500 small and medium-sized enterprises in 21 municipalities in the Érmellék sub-region, where the research is located. However, the economic and employment functions of the organisations created can only be developed if the specialist needs of the businesses are met in the right quantity and quality structure.