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Danger on the labour market - some thoughts on occupational segregation
49-63Views:37Workers must be guaranteed equality, the possibility must be created for them not to be discriminated against on the basis of their work, the activities they carry out, and ultimately the results of their work. This is a serious obligation on the state, which it must ensure through its legislation and through the judgments of the courts, because social security cannot be achieved otherwise. The State's responsibility in this respect is not bound by time or place, since, as long as there has been a legal relationship in the development of labour law, this has always been a matter of concern for workers - and for labour lawyers.
It is not easy to assess, because even today, when general equality and equality of rights have been an accepted principle for centuries in almost all parts of the world (but not, of course, in those parts where, for example, there are serious traditional differences between men and women in society, such as in the Arab world), this problem is still a daily occurrence.
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Where is the truth? – Greek catholic high school youth’s justice values
105-123Views:29The purpose of our study is to present what young people think about justice, and how they
are different from the youth and society of the country. The functioning of a society requires
that fair conditions prevail in it. However, there are several types of justice. What young people,
as adults of the future, think about this value is essential for the functioning of a society. We
present philosophical interpretations and value sociological research on justice, then we define
the concept of justice for Hungarian society and Hungarian youth. In our research we asked all
eleventh and twelfth students of a Greek Catholic high school in Eastern Hungary in 2014 and
2019. Quantitative method was used to compare students’ views on justice with the other young
people in the country. According to our results during the five years of research, equality was
more important for young people, especially for the boys. The importance of the value of equality
was clearly related to the religiosity of the asked young people. -
Women in science: The odyssey of the female scientists, from the Background to the „Procrustean bed”—The opaque mirror of the male correlate
129-157Views:24This study examines the social ideology regarding gender equalities, through outstanding women’s scholars, which is based on old traditions and customs. Among other things, I present the
main stages of the scientific career of Maria Michell, Marie Curie, Lise Meitner, Vera Rubin. I capture the subject within the theoretical framework of women’s studies, which is characterized by
many questions and debates, for example the biological or the cultural determinism (the nature
or education, religion, culture, socialization) have greater influence on gender roles. -
The Tertiary education plans of disadvantaged secondary grammar school students in Hungary
42-64Views:28My study focuses on tertiary education chances and opportunities of disadvantaged and multiply disadvantaged children and youngsters. The target group of the research consisted of disadvantaged full-time secondary grammar school students who aim to get out of their position and status with the help of further education. Via the interviews I tried to examine the difficult topic of further education from the perspective of the disadvantaged and the multiply disadvantaged students, also aspiring to reveal their notions and fears about the topic. The main goal of my research was to get an insight into the perspective and mentality of disadvantaged and multiply disadvantaged students.
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The role of the hidden curriculum in the development of horizontal gender segregation, as a result of an interview research with teachers
72-97Views:46The impact and influencing power of educators and teaching aids used in education systems is an internationally researched area as they play a key role in the development and study of students’ personality. According to the literature, the teacher is one of the most significant „tools” of the hidden curriculum behind the official curriculum, but the presentation of the phenomenon in teaching aids strengthens gender stereotypes and reduces the possibility of gender equality. In this study, we examine the role of a hidden curriculum in the development of gender horizontal segregation, with particular reference to the influence of teachers and textbooks. In the empirical part of the study, we did conduct a semi -structured interview with 18 elementary school teachers through a non-probability expert sampling, which was analyzed by categorization and interpretation. Our results show that traditional gender roles have prevailed in the family of educators. During their studies, they observed a difference depending on their educators in terms of behavior and expectations – but they believe that they themselves do not differentiate between students. According to their views, the personality of the teachers is of particular importance regarding the personality development and academic progress of the students, however, the career orientation of the children is mainly determined by the parents family patterns that appear in the family.
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Methodological approach to Intersectionality
108-126Views:80Intersectionality as an inequality conception or a particular perspective was already introduced to the readers of the Metszetek in 2014. In this study I undertake to review some methodological approaches to intersectionality. Moreover, I strive to make an effort to emphasize the adaptibility of intersectionality. Based on the new tendency which has been noticable recently in the inequality dimensions. I delineate, this tendency has completely transformed the focus away from an overemphasis on gender equality towards those suffering multiple, complex forms of discrimination. Many of the feminist scholars deal and dealt with the connection to inequality dimensions (principally race, class and gender). Necessary to pinpoint that indeed intersectionality does not command an unitary definition. A vast number of the international feminist scholars created their own intersectionalty definition, from which I am going to underline some. From among the methodological approaches I focus on Choo and Ferree’s intersectional statement; “Inclusion-centered interpretations, Process-centered models, Systemic intersectionality: Institutional interpenetration”. In this paper I announce two sociological studies that were undertaken using intersectionality method. Finally a summary is presented that undelines why it is worth scholars exploiting intersectionality as a methodology?
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Hungarian Academics Working Abroad: Female and Male Career Paths
23-48Views:36Transnational mobility has not only become an integral part of the successful, internatonally driven career path of academics, but is emerging to a great extent as a major performance requirement. Similarly to academic careers in general, international mobility of researchers is also a gendered process to a great extent. This paper aims to assess the most important characteristics of Hungarian researchers working abroad with special attention put on the similarities and differences identified in the career path of female and male researchers. With an online self-administered questionnaire distributed through a snowball sampling methodology
among Hungarian PhD-holders working abroad for more than one year, we investigated the motivation for international mobility, the career path, work contracts, work-life balance, future career plans and the perception of the value of the PhD degree. Our key findings indicate that male researchers’s labour market position is more advantageous abroad than female researchers’ and overall they are more convinved of the positive value of their PhD degree, while female academics were statisfied, but at a more moderate level. -
Knowledge, power and discourses in Van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis
94-112Views:92Critical Discourse Analysis (or Critical Discourse Studies – CDA/CDS) examines the relationship between texts, discourses and power, dominance, power abuses and social inequalities. Critical discourse analysis is a multidisciplinary research perspective, which not only examines the interactions between the text, the micro level and its surroundings, the macro level, but its main goal is to uncover social inequalities, expose the forms and modalities of abuse of power. The representatives of CDA are committed to social equality and justice. Present paper presents the work of one of the outstanding representatives of Critical Discourse Analysis, Teun A. Van Dijk, by presenting the history and possibilities of CDA, and also the key elements of Van Dijk’s approach. This study aims to show how knowledge, power and discourse are connected in Van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis.
