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The patterns of the shattered self: The role of schizophrenic self-disorder in contemporary phenomenological psychiatry
18-31Views:61The aim of the paper is, on the one hand, to examine the ipseity-hiperreflexivity model of
schizophrenia popularized in contemporary phenomenological psychiatry. On the other hand, it
aims to compare the model with R. D. Laing’s earlier observations about the self. Owning to the
works of the co-authors, Sass and Parnas, the divergent symptoms of schizophrenia spectrum
disorder can be reduced to the minimal self that is a simpler notion than the person. The paper
seeks to give and answer to the question of the relation between the lifeworld and the minimal
self. Sass and Parnas argues, in the prodromal phase of schizophrenia an endogenous selfdisorder can emerge and its recognition could initiate therapeutic interventions prior to the
full-blown psychotic breakdown. Other authors emphasize the primacy of the lifeworld and
identity disorders determined by life circumstances contrary to or besides the role of minimal
self-awareness. -
The role of the hidden curriculum in the development of horizontal gender segregation, as a result of an interview research with teachers
72-97Views:71The impact and influencing power of educators and teaching aids used in education systems is an internationally researched area as they play a key role in the development and study of students’ personality. According to the literature, the teacher is one of the most significant „tools” of the hidden curriculum behind the official curriculum, but the presentation of the phenomenon in teaching aids strengthens gender stereotypes and reduces the possibility of gender equality. In this study, we examine the role of a hidden curriculum in the development of gender horizontal segregation, with particular reference to the influence of teachers and textbooks. In the empirical part of the study, we did conduct a semi -structured interview with 18 elementary school teachers through a non-probability expert sampling, which was analyzed by categorization and interpretation. Our results show that traditional gender roles have prevailed in the family of educators. During their studies, they observed a difference depending on their educators in terms of behavior and expectations – but they believe that they themselves do not differentiate between students. According to their views, the personality of the teachers is of particular importance regarding the personality development and academic progress of the students, however, the career orientation of the children is mainly determined by the parents family patterns that appear in the family.
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Equal opportunities and integration in the career choice: The relation between school competences and job market integration
173-190Views:50The competences manifested in the career choice decisions refer to the success of integration
and equal opportunities. They are able to forecast these social processes in a predictive way. The
career choice competences connect the individual features and the social scenes, so by analysing
them already the secondary school age group’s labour market success can be predicted.
By studying and analysing of the competence fields with the method of revealing the sociological, psychological and pedagogical correlations it is possible to determine the labour market competences of students facing career choice, which determines the success of their social
integration into the society at a personal level. Career choice plays a connecting part between education at schools and the labour market; therefore it has an important part concerning equal
opportunities and integration, beyond the effect of qualification. In my study I am describing this
process via displaying the affected competence fields. -
Thomas Hobbes and the dilemmas of the natural state: First chapter – The axiomatic nature of total war
3-24Views:96The purpose of this paper is to reflect on some the ideas of Thomas Hobbes, one of the founders
of modern political philosophy, best known for his masterpiece, Leviathan. The aim of this essay
is not to provide a full scale analysis of Hobbes’ main work, nor to present his moral or political
philosophy, nor to reflect on the significance of his impact on later political thinkers. The aim is
more modest, and the theme under scrutiny is more narrow: the paper is devoted to a critical
analysis of the main premise (state of the nature) of Hobbes’ theory of power, including the
ambivalent character of the state of nature, as well as the logical dilemmas that arise during
the analysis.After a general presentation of Hobbes’s philosophy and of the logical construction of his
work, I will tend to focus on two aspects of the state of nature: firstly, I will analyse the assumed
analogy between the state of nature and the Book of Genesis; secondly, I will examine whether
the „war of all against all” is an axiomatic outcome of the „primitive” state. It turns out, that the
answers for these questions are not so unanbiguous. -
Women in science: The odyssey of the female scientists, from the Background to the „Procrustean bed”—The opaque mirror of the male correlate
129-157Views:47This study examines the social ideology regarding gender equalities, through outstanding women’s scholars, which is based on old traditions and customs. Among other things, I present the
main stages of the scientific career of Maria Michell, Marie Curie, Lise Meitner, Vera Rubin. I capture the subject within the theoretical framework of women’s studies, which is characterized by
many questions and debates, for example the biological or the cultural determinism (the nature
or education, religion, culture, socialization) have greater influence on gender roles. -
Empirical analysis of the judgment of unconditional basic income through YouTube comments
68-93.Views:50One of the world’s largest video-sharing platforms is YouTube, where viewers can comment on
the videos and their topics. The aim of this study is to examine the values and opinions about
unconditional basic income according to the comment sections of several Youtube’s videos which
topic is the previously mentioned UBI which is receiving increasing attention in parallel with
today’s economic and social changes. Our research works with a mixed method, data collection,
storage, sentiment analysis and the bag of words method which were implemented using IT
procedures, while categorization was done through manual coding. The results of the sentiment
analysis show that positive arguments appear to a lesser extent in the comments. Positive
arguments have value characteristics such as inclusion, the principle of the right to exist, justice
and freedom. Among the positive arguments feasibility enjoys the highest support. Negative
category values arise more frequently, so the emphasis on the values of injustice, exclusion,
unaffordability, and performance-orientation is dominant in the analyzed comments. -
Danger on the labour market - some thoughts on occupational segregation
49-63Views:66Workers must be guaranteed equality, the possibility must be created for them not to be discriminated against on the basis of their work, the activities they carry out, and ultimately the results of their work. This is a serious obligation on the state, which it must ensure through its legislation and through the judgments of the courts, because social security cannot be achieved otherwise. The State's responsibility in this respect is not bound by time or place, since, as long as there has been a legal relationship in the development of labour law, this has always been a matter of concern for workers - and for labour lawyers.
It is not easy to assess, because even today, when general equality and equality of rights have been an accepted principle for centuries in almost all parts of the world (but not, of course, in those parts where, for example, there are serious traditional differences between men and women in society, such as in the Arab world), this problem is still a daily occurrence.
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Social representation of rural youth identity
101-113.Views:44In this paper, we investigate the local and self-identity characteristics of socio-cultural groups based on social representation theory and one of its methods (association method). Carried out on a sample of rural youth, the analysis focused on the relationship between the four groups, distinguished by their social representations of identity, with different intensities of meaning and the sociological background variables. In addition to the expected results, the hypothetical explanation for the contradiction in the emotional attachment and mobility variables can be further empirically confirmed.
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Where is the truth? – Greek catholic high school youth’s justice values
105-123Views:52The purpose of our study is to present what young people think about justice, and how they
are different from the youth and society of the country. The functioning of a society requires
that fair conditions prevail in it. However, there are several types of justice. What young people,
as adults of the future, think about this value is essential for the functioning of a society. We
present philosophical interpretations and value sociological research on justice, then we define
the concept of justice for Hungarian society and Hungarian youth. In our research we asked all
eleventh and twelfth students of a Greek Catholic high school in Eastern Hungary in 2014 and
2019. Quantitative method was used to compare students’ views on justice with the other young
people in the country. According to our results during the five years of research, equality was
more important for young people, especially for the boys. The importance of the value of equality
was clearly related to the religiosity of the asked young people. -
A popperi módszertan megjelenése a politikában
102-107Views:28Karl R. Popper tudományfilozófiájának alapjai részben egészen David Hume indukciós kritikájáig nyúlnak vissza. Ebből nő ki tudományos módszertana és társadalomkritikája, amelyben nagy része van a Hayek-féle szocializmus-kritikának is. Ahhoz, hogy a popperi módszertant a lehető legteljesebben megérthessük, először ezeket kell áttekinteni.
David Hume Értekezés az emberi természetről című művében fejtette ki, mit gondol az emberi tapasztalatról és az ok-okozati következtetésről. Hume (2006) szerint az ok-okozati következtetések logikusak, mivel sokszorosan megismétlődött eseményeken, tapasztalatokon alapulnak, de ez nem jogosít fel arra, hogy ismeretlen, meg nem tapasztalt dolgokra is kiterjesszük ezen okfejtéseinket.
Az ő példájával élve, az, hogy a tűz és a meleg fogalmai általában együtt lépnek fel, csak azt bizonyítja, hogy adott körülmények között a tűz meleg, de nincs okunk feltételezni, hogy a körülmények megváltozása esetén ugyanez a reláció fennállna. Ezen állítását megerősítendő, elméletét az érzelmekre és azok viselkedésére is kiterjesztette, amely így szerinte igazolja azok bonyolultságát és kiszámíthatatlanságát, míg ebből következően az ok-okozati feltételezés olyan érzelmekhez vezethet, mint például az előítélet. (Hume 2006: 399-402)
Popper valami egészen hasonlóra jutott, de ellentétben Hume-mal, következtetéseit saját környezetére, nem pedig az elvont érzelmekre terjesztette ki, majd továbblépett a filozófián azzal, hogy bár egy elméleti módszertannal rukkolt elő, azt mégis sikeresen tudta hasznosítani saját munkáiban.
A popperi módszertan alapja a tudományos bizonytalanság, az a meggyőződés, amely szerint sosem lehetünk biztosak az igazunkban. Popper korának tudományfelfogása ezzel élesen szemben állt, a jusztifikációs tudományfilozófia egyértelműen a bizonyíték, a demonstráció és a tapasztalat körül forgott, ez határozott meg minden tudományos elméletet.
Ahogy azt korábban Hume is kimutatta a filozófiában, a demonstráció aligha igazol többet annál, mint a fogalmak pillanatnyi, együttes megjelenését. Popper ezen a vonalon továbbhaladva kritizálta korának tudományfilozófiáját.
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The stealth rehabilitation of the psychicentity
3-17Views:32A deep-seated, ’constitutional problem’ of so-called psy-complex (ontologically ‘psy’ is different
than matter, but it is studied by natural scientific methods) can be detected: ontologically the
psyche is basically different than matter, but the main stream studies of these disciplines take the
natural scientific methods as their research ideal which were created for material beings and
they try to influence and change their ‘object’ by technical-technological attitude. The main aim
of this paper to draw attention to some of the main consequences of this dilemma. -
Majority Decision Making
81-100Views:50Modern democracies, based on pluralism, recognize and affirm diversity, permit peaceful
coexistence of different interests, values and convictions, and advocate a form of political
moderation. For democracy to function and to be successful two of the most challenging
questions must be raised and answered: Who have the right for collective decision-making?
What principle should be used for these people to be elected? With the development of modern
democracies it has become more and more accepted the idea that democracy should rest upon
the principle of majority rule, coupled with individual and minority rights. Majority rule thus
refers to the quantitative aspect of democracy, while individual and minority rights express
the qualitative or constitutional aspect of it. A detailed analysis of democratic decision-making
processes shows that not all decisions made by legislature – whose members are elected by the
majority of the people – are effective and good decisions, and points at the fact that most of the
democratic decisions are not made by the majority but by minority groups, who quite often take
the initiative and can seriously influence the majority. This paper focuses on these issues.
