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• Visibility of marginalized social groups from a network perspective

  83-108

  László Vida

  Views:

  807

  The study examines the segregation of different marginalized social groups – ex-prisoners, gypsies, gays and lesbians, homeless people – and their visibility in society. Using a size generator network method, the study builds negative binomial models to compare the segregation of marginalized groups within a representative sample of 1000 people. The alpha value in these models indicates the level of overdispersion. According to the results, the level of segregation varies between the overall network and the trust network. Specifically, the level of segregation for gypsies is the lowest in the overall network, whereas in the trust network, it is the lowest for gays/lesbians. The segregation of homeless people is extremely high, which is due to the fact that they are confined to their own space. Individuals with low education, belonging to lower classes, living in villages have the smallest network size. However, they have the highest number of marginalized social group members. A smaller network is associated with lower levels of peer support. The lack of weak bonds makes the social network homophilic and „island-like” social exlusions are formed where poverty and vulnerability are typical.

• Social vulnerability and interpersonal support in disaster experienced Hungarian settlements

  27-53

  András Molnár

  Views:

  291

  Natural disasters unequally affect poor and wealthy populations, which can be observed everywhere regardless of the economic performance of the respective country. Paradigms focusing on physical hazards and response can not be considered, while social, political and cultural causes are rarely mentioned in the discussions around particular disaster events. Marginalized households and communities, and populations with less income are more affected by disasters. A significant proportion of Hungary’s settlements are deprived or otherwise marginalized, which makes it necessary to raise social and economic questions related to disasters, and investigate them from a spatial aspect. This study is based on case studies of five disaster-affected settlements and encompasses a social vulnerability approach. The research is based on interviews with key informants involved in response to the respective disasters and broadened with an experiment to use the Interpersonal Support Evaluation List as an instrument to investigate community resilience. The ISEL is capable of observing the individuals’ self-perception of themselves in their communities and how they can rely on others in their environment. The survey, with the participation of 103 people, discovered discrepancies in the level and structure of interpersonal support, which is tangible based on the interviews.

• Conceptual approaches to child vulnerability, child protection contexts

  186-202

  Gabriella Nemes-Zámbó

  Views:

  144

  The examination of conceptual approaches that determine the vulnerability of children and different child protection orientations is not only of scientific significance, but also of policy relevance, as it is an issue that greatly affects the security and well-being of societies. This study uses systematic literature review to examine conceptual approaches to child vulnerability and different child protection contexts in terms of social embeddedness. In addition to theoretical models, which essentially seek to identify the causes of threatening situations, predictive models and studies based on the complexity of risk and protective factors are becoming increasingly prominent. The child protection orientations largely determine the institutional structures and public policy mechanisms developed to protect children. These mechanisms are also largely influenced by the values and the trust represented by society.