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• Thomas Hobbes and the dilemmas of the natural state: First chapter – The axiomatic nature of total war

  3-24

  Levente Nagy

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  29

  The purpose of this paper is to reflect on some the ideas of Thomas Hobbes, one of the founders
  of modern political philosophy, best known for his masterpiece, Leviathan. The aim of this essay
  is not to provide a full scale analysis of Hobbes’ main work, nor to present his moral or political
  philosophy, nor to reflect on the significance of his impact on later political thinkers. The aim is
  more modest, and the theme under scrutiny is more narrow: the paper is devoted to a critical
  analysis of the main premise (state of the nature) of Hobbes’ theory of power, including the
  ambivalent character of the state of nature, as well as the logical dilemmas that arise during
  the analysis.

  After a general presentation of Hobbes’s philosophy and of the logical construction of his
  work, I will tend to focus on two aspects of the state of nature: firstly, I will analyse the assumed
  analogy between the state of nature and the Book of Genesis; secondly, I will examine whether
  the „war of all against all” is an axiomatic outcome of the „primitive” state. It turns out, that the
  answers for these questions are not so unanbiguous.

• Thomas Hobbes and the dilemmas of the natural state Second chapter: The tipology of the state of nature

  3-22

  Levente Nagy

  Views:

  22

  The primary purpose of this paper is to reflect upon four aspects of the Hobbesian state of nature. Firstly, the question is whether we can interpret this original state as a mythical, abstract,
  imaginative and timless state, focusing only on the final conclusion of the Hobbesian theory, or
  it may contain a well-defined timspan, having its own historical development based on a clear
  logical construction. Secondly, this study aims at examining the natural character of man in
  the state of nature, and his harmony with his environment in respect with their „naturalness”.
  Thirdly, it tries to describe the assumed interpersonal relationships within the „primitve” state.
  Fourthly, the paper presents different states of nature reasoned out from a close reading of the
  text. All four aspect may help us to get a better understanding of the ambivalent character of the
  Hobbesian state of nature.