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Hopes and concerns of democratization: Ideas about popular vote in Hungarian political discourse 1985–1989
5-27Views:68The article analyzes the political discourse concerning direct democracy between 1985–89, when the issue of introducing popular vote at local and national level became relevant, both as a general institutional reform of political decision-making, and as the result of some major initiatives launched by social movements. The analysis covers the related law journal articles, party-state documents, the writings of political and intellectual elites (including the opposition), and the wider public (mainly daily and weekly newspapers). The discourse analysis is based on the academic literature of direct democracy and some new aspects, like the timing of introducing direct democracy, its role and perspectives, the consideration of threats and benefits, and the relevance of international examples as possible models for reform. The paper finds that the opposition and the party-state regarded the introduction of popular vote differently: while the emerging opposition emphasised the function of controling the state power by popular votes, the party-state expected to stop shrinking its social legitimacy. Meanwhile, general public seemed to be indifferent about this remarkable democratic reform.
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Contributions to the Regulation of the Referendum after 2013
5-25Views:21The purpose of this paper is to define and show the nature and functions of the referendum in
general, and to examine the legislative regulation of its institution in Hungary after 2013.
The brief introduction will be followed by an analysis of some of the institutional and
instrumental features of the referendum in the context of the constitutional law. Special attention
will be paid to the question raised by, and to the pros and cons of the referendum held in 2016.
The legal aspects and social consequences of this invalid referendum will be emphasized.
