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• The effect of Covid-19 epidemic on the industry of a Sub-Saharan Country: a perspective on sports industry in Nigeria

  32-48

  Umar Gambo Adamu

  Ildikó Balatoni

  Views:

  82

  Kutatásunk során a Covid-19 járvány Nigéria gazdaságára és sportiparára kifejtett hatását elemeztük, a kapcsolódó szakirodalom áttekintésével. Megvizsgáltuk a sportgazdaság Covid-19 járvány alatti helyzetét Európában és az Egyesült Államokban, majd kiemeltük a nigériai speciális viszonyokat. Bár a sportgazdaság nigériai vonatkozásában kevés szakirodalom áll rendelkezésre, több mint 60 tudományos közlemény elemzésére került sor. Ezek alapján megállapításra került, hogy a Covid-19 járvány nemcsak a globális, de a nigériai gazdaságot is negatívan érintette. Ez különösen jelentős volt a sporthoz kapcsolódó direkt és indirekt
  foglalkoztatás területén, tekintettel a nigériai gazdaság egy-szektorú jellegére. Vizsgálataik alapján szerzők javaslatként fogalmazzák meg, hogy figyelembe véve a nigériai társadalom korfáját, jelentős befektetések lennének szükségesek a sportiparba, mely a szektor átalakításával is együtt kellene, hogy járjon.

   

• Community resilience and social support relationships – An analytical approach and research results based on long-term series analysis of communities affected by the red sludge disaster

  6-31

  Anna Mária Bartal

  Zoltán Kmetty

  Views:

  67

  vOne of the most serious consequences of disasters is the disruption or even the loss of social
  support relationships. Hence, this paper analyses the social support relationships in the
  framework of community resilience based on face-to-face interviews with direct (180 people)
  and indirect (180 people) victims of the red sludge disaster, using data for 2013 and 2020.
  (Hungary, Devecser district).
  The focus was analysed according to four types of social support relationship: reciprocal,
  donor to recipient and incomplete/disintegrated. At the time of the disaster, we identified a high
  level of support activity and a strong reciprocal-donor type of aid model. In contrast, in 2013, we
  found an incomplete/disintegrated - reciprocal model with low support activity, and in 2020, a
  reciprocal- incomplete/disintegrated model with medium activity.
  Based on a detailed statistical analysis of different social support types among the red
  sludge disaster’s victims the paper explores and presents the social support activities and
  their various patterns with respect to their roles in the resilience of communities. The different
  patterns of social supports relationships that emerged in each period examined varied widely,
  though – with different intensity – they were primarily influenced by the fact how people were
  affected by disaster’s damages (directly and indirectly). Nevertheless, by 2020, other factors,
  such as residence, age, and economic activity had already an equally strong impact on different
  types of social support relationships as the affectedness by the disaster of 2010. We found that
  communities responded to the red sludge disaster in 2010 and to the Covid-19 epidemic in 2020
  in a reactive way by activating their social support relationship.