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• The EU states innovation and competitiveness clusters in 2013

  22-36

  Gábor Balda

  Views:

  43

  In the era of the innovation economy it is natural that innovation is one of the key definitions, because of its literature is excessively far-reaching: global, micro and macro level, in connection of
  the business and non-business sector, it’s also defined in social context. The literary background
  of this essay shows a historical overview of the development that occurred in the definition of
  innovation and its different interpretations.
  After exploring the literary background a quantitative, descriptive and explanatory statistic
  analysis will be written in a monothetic and deductive approach. In this phase of my research
  I will make macro level international comparative analyzes with the help of the EU and the
  WEF (World Economic Forum) data base (Innovation Union Scoreboard, illetve Global Competitiveness Index), and the SPSS software. This essay’s goal is to determine whether there is a
  connection between innovation processes and the forming of competitiveness on a macro level
  and if there is how it can be interpreted. Later with a similar goal and methodology I would like
  to make international micro level comparative analyzes and then by combining the macro and
  micro level results, I will determine how the macro level innovation policy influences the micro
  level innovativeness and competitiveness. Using all of these results I would like to determine the
  special features of the national innovation policy and the chances for optimalization.

• Studying further in higher education as a human capital investment

  134-144

  Hajnalka Fényes

  Márta Mohácsi

  Views:

  105

  In our paper, we examine the motives of further studies in higher education among higher education students, as well as how socio-demographic variables modify these motives. Our research method is quantitative. We used a research database gathered in the historical Partium region in 2014 (N = 1792). The theoretical backgrounds of our research are the human capital theory and Bourdieu’s capital conversion model. Based on ten motives of further studies, we made a cluster analysis and examined the relationships of these clusters and the socio-demographic background variables. Our finding is that the most important motive of further studies among students was expanding knowledge. Therefore, the motive of getting higher wages in the future, which is the central aspect in the human capital model, proved to be of minor importance. Based on the capital conversion theory students wanted to gain cultural and social capital when they decided to study further, as both can be profitable for them in the future. However, while the motives of further studies were affected by the social background of students, contrary to our hypothesis, financial motives were not more important for those students coming from disadvantage backgrounds than for other students