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Data to the flora of Heves–Borsod Plain I. Distribution of forest, forest steppe and steppe elements
16-65Views:361This paper reports new floristic data of 159 taxa (158 species and one hybrid) from the Heves–Borsod Plain (5 micro-regions between the Mátra and Bükk Mountains and the Tisza River valley). The data were collected between 1999 and 2018 and supplemented with collected specimen (altogether 93 herbarium sheets). This study is the first part of a thematic series that analyzes the distribution patterns of forest, forest steppe and dry grassland ‘steppe’ species, beyond reporting floristic data. The data were derived from 51 flora-mapping quadrats (CEU), based on 5.395 field collected data records. Some indicator species of the three species groups have been assessed in detail (with the addition of distribution maps of 25 species). I have also tested two East-West direction ‘lines’ (the 100-meter isoline and the Csörsz Ditch) for the possible existence of North-South chorological gradients in the area. True forest species (mostly Querco-Fagetea elements) show a dispersed pattern, their representatives can be linked to forest blocks appearing in the landscape. Streams from the adjacented hilly areas (even if they are strongly modified) are very important in the dispersal of the forest species. Their significance and role are decreasing towards the South. For some steppe and forest steppe species (e.g. Brachypodium pinnatum, Campanula bononiensis, Clematis recta, Elymus hispidus, Lychnis viscaria, Ranunculus illyricus, Sanguisorba minor, Stipa spp., Teucrium chamaedrys, Trifolium alpestre, Vinca herbacea) the examined lines indicate a regional area boundary, while for other species (e.g. Phlomis tuberosa, Thalictrum minus) gradient-like distribution differences were not observed. In the distribution of many species an additional southern gradient running along the northern boundary of the former Heves Floodplain was detected. Southwards to this line, the representatives of the selected species are already very sporadic, occurring only in synantropic habitats (e.g. Vincetoxicum hirundinaria).
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Distribution and conservation status of forest plant species in sand oak forests of the Danube–Tisza Interfluve
129–140Views:479In this article we summarise the floristic data collected during our research in oak forests in the northern part of ‘Kiskunság’ since 1998. Between 2020 and 2024, we systematically visited and mapped the forest stands in the region, which have been continuous since the First Military Survey (late 18th century). A total of 100 forest patches were identified as semi-natural pedunculate oak, covering a total of 865 hectares, and floristic data could be collected in 94 of them. The data were supplemented by scattered occurrences found during the survey. A total of 1207 occurrences of 96 forest and forest edge species were recorded in the stands. Of these, 214 occurrences of 81 species are new compared to the Hungarian Floristic Mapping data. Species were grouped according to habitat preference and regional vulnerability. In total, 23 species were classified as threatened and 37 as critically endangered. Without active conservation interventions, these species could become extinct in the ’Kiskunság’ within a few decades.
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New species and changes in the bryophyte flora of the Mecsek valleys (Hungary)
157–176Views:222The paper discusses the bryophyte flora of 77 sites in the Mecsek Mountains, mainly in deeper valleys. It includes species that are new to the area’s flora and/or endangered in Hungary, as well as mosses that have become more widespread or locally abundant compared to data from 1968 and 1983. The names of the locations, their geographical centers (centroids), and the grid unit IDs of the Hungarian Flora Mapping Programme (HFMP), where the sites are located, are listed and referenced according to their number in the list. Some of the species are national rarities, such as Scleropodium touretii, newly recorded in the Mecsek in 2023. Its second known occurrence in Hungary is reported in the Enumeration. We detail the occurrences of several species new to South Transdanubia, including Dicranum spurium, Diplophyllum albicans, Hypnum jutlandicum, Isothecium myosuroides, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhynchostegiella curviseta, Riccardia palmata, and Sciuro-hypnum plumosum. Additionally, species newly recorded from the Mecsek Mountains include Fontinalis antipyretica, Leptodon smithii, Plagiomnium ellipticum, Pseudocampylium radicale, and Tortula brevissima. For two taxa, we present data of importance not only for the Mecsek, but also for the North-Hungarian Mts: Riccardia palmata, new for the Tornai-karszt, and Dicranum spurium, for which we confirm a very old record in the Zemplén Mts. We also note the widespread, sometimes massive occurrence of some aquatic and subaquatic mosses, e.g. Rhynchostegiella teneriffae, Hygrohypnum luridum, which have been recorded only once in the mountains in the last 50 years. The taxonomically uncertain Hygroamblystegium fluviatile with similar habitat requirements can now be found widely throughout the mountains. New populations of Palustriella commutata, considered endangered and declining in the country, have been found in the Mecsek. The expansion of (sub-)aquatic species is particularly surprising in the light of recent hydroecological studies indicating that the streams in the Mecsek are drying up. The situation is similar regarding Rhynchostegium rotundifolium, previously thought to be a Tilio-Acerion (slope and ravine forest) species, which is legally protected in Hungary and only had one record from the Mecsek in the last century. This forest species is now found in peri-urban, sub-urban, slightly to moderately disturbed and secondary habitats throughout the mountains. Similar to its preference in Germany, outside of semi-natural habitats it occurs mainly on built structures in forest edges, ruins, abandoned mine sites, often in stands mixed with black locust and contaminated with litter. Microeurhynchium pumilum, which prefers sub-Mediterranean and sub-Atlantic climate, shady and humid habitats, has become one of the most widespread and abundant forest bryophytes in the Mecsek, in contrast to its few records 60 years ago. Half (50%) of the new mosses in the flora of the Mecsek can be connected to the cooler boreal biome, while 21% is associated with the milder Mediterranean-Atlantic biome. The average of MAT (mean annual daily mean air temperatures averaged over one year) and MAP (accumulated precipitation amount over one year) of the 14 new species according to BET (Bryophytes of Europe Traits) indicates areas with much lower temperatures (7.7°C) than in Hungary, but with precipitation conditions (749 mm) similar to those in the Mecsek. The vast majority of the new species are extremely rare in Hungary, and are inconsistent with current climate warming trends. In contrast to the mosses with striking increase in records, the detection of new species is likely due to chance, in addition to systematic research at finer spatial scales, rather than to local expansion of the species. However, in the case of expanding and abundant species, it is still an open question whether their dynamics compared to 40-60 year old references are apparent or real: the result of sampling bias in previous surveys or a consequence of climate change. In any case, the abundance of the above mentioned bryophytes in the Mecsek is not consistent with their current Hungarian Red List threat classification, and this cannot be attributed to changes in definitions since 2010. The detected distribution and abundance, as well as the increase in the number of new species in the country within a decade, highlights the need for an updated Red List of Hungarian bryophytes.
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The Kámon and Herény source water protection area in the city of Szombathely as a refuge for protected plant species
123–125Views:329The hay meadows and protective forest strips of the Kámon and Herény source water protection areas in the northwestern part of Szombathely have been in good natural condition for decades. By harbouring populations of protected plant species (Orchis morio, Pyrola rotundifolia, Cephalanthera longifolia, Epipactis helleborine and Ophioglossum vulgatum), these areas resemble natural habitats found nearby in the Kőszeg Mountains and the Őrség National Park. The good semi-natural condition can be attributed to the lack of regular mowing in the case of meadows and the lack of disturbance in the case of forest strips. In recent years, however, the area have been exposed to increasing human disturbance (car and motorcycle off-roading), so it may be timely to initiate legal protection. This short case study indicates that properly managed source water protection areas can play an important role in the conservation of semi-natural habitats, rare and protected plant species and the associated fauna.
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About the occurrence of Spiraea media Fr. Schm. on the Balaton Uplands
151-154Views:471The presence of Spiraea media on the Balaton Uplands has high plant geographical importance, but the found location has not been known before its recent rediscovery. The Spiraea media was discovered on the Kopasz Hill (Felsőörs) growing in a closed Quercus cerris oak forest (~Fraxino orni-Quercetum cerridis); which is a rather atypical habitat of the species. The appearance of blooming specimens and the rediscovery of the species is probably due to the cut of the neighbouring forest, which has resulted extra irradiation in the area. The 19th century military maps of the landscape show that the former vegetation of the area was characterised by the mosaics of rocky grassland–scrub–forest or rocky scrub rich patches being suitable for the species.
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Oak-hornbeam and turkey oak forests growing on sand on the foothills of the Pilis Range (Corydali pumilae-Carpinetum, Fraxino orno-Quercetum cerridis)
79–105Views:371We studied the phytosociological characteristics of hornbeam and turkey oak dominated forests growing on sand at the southwestern foot of the Pilis Mountains. Here we present the results of analyses of 10 relevés of each community. The species composition of the hornbeam forest samples is characterized by a relatively high proportion of Fagetalia species. Notable species in the community are Aconitun vulparia, Berberis vulgaris, Epipactis helleborine agg., Galanthus nivalis, Geranium lucidum, Lilium martagon, Omphalodes scorpioides, Piptatherum virescens, Primula veris, Scilla vindobonensis, Sorbus aria agg., S. domestica, Veratrum nigrum, and Waldsteinia geoides. In the turkey oak forests, species characteristic of the class Quercetea pubescentis-petraeae have the highest proportion. Notable and locally typical species occurring in the community are Anthericum ramosum, Digitalis grandiflora, Iris variegata, Piptatherum virescens, Primula veris, Achillea distans, Dictamnus albus, Galanthus nivalis, Lonicera xylosteum, Scilla vindobonensis, Sorbus domestica, Veratrum nigrum, as well as Lunaria annua and Tilia tomentosa that are possibly introduced here. Based on the results of statistical analyses, the two forest communities are best identified with the associations named Corydali pumilae-Carpinetum and Fraxino orno-Quercetum cerridis, both occurring in the Transdanubian Mountain Range.
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Floristical data from loess substrate of Harangod and South-Cserehát (NE Hungary)
105-113Views:209This paper contains the new floristic results of the author from Harangod and SouthCserehát, collected between 2009 and 2013. It presents data on 66 and 48 species respectively. Several new localities of forest-steppe species (e. g. Artemisia pontica, Corydalis cava, Galium odoratum, Lilium martagon, Melica altissima, Thalictrum minus, Viola elatior), meadow species (e. g. Gratiola officinalis, Senecio sarracenicus) and adventiv plants (e. g. Gypsophila perfoliata, Panicum capillare, Typha laxmannii) are published here.
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Vulpia bromoides and Luzula multiflora in the Dráva Plain (S Hungary)
234-235Views:1890Vital populations of Vulpia bromoides (L.) S. F. Gray and Luzula multiflora Kirsch. were found between Vajszló and Páprád villages (S Hungary) in 25 May 2022. The populations grew in a mesic forest clearing in the territory of “Bükkhát forest”. These species are new for the flora of the Drava Plain. The habitat is demonstrated by a phytosociological relevé.
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Remnants of closed oak woods on loess in the Mezőföld (Pulmonario mollis-Quercetum roboris Kevey 2008)
66–93Views:347The phytosociological characterization of closed oak forests occurring in the loess-covered part of Central Hungary (Mezőföld) is presented. Such forest fragments are found very sporadically in that predominantly treeless region, mostly in semi-dry habitats of north-facing hillsides. This plant community represents an intermediate stage between open steppe woodland (Aceri tatarici-Quercetum pubescentis-roboris) and closed mesic oak-hornbeam forests (Corydali cavae-Carpinetum). Analyses of 20 phytosociological samples using multivariate grouping methods (cluster analysis, principal coordinates analysis) showed a clear difference between these samples and samples of similar communities occurring in the area. In the species composition the characteristic elements of dry and mesic oak forests (Quercetea pubescentis-petraeae, Quercetalia cerridis, Aceri tatarici-Quercion and Fagetalia, respectively) played a major role. On the other hand, dry grassland species (Festuco-Brometea, Festucetalia valesiacae, Festucion rupicolae, etc.) were much less significant than in steppe woodlands. In terms of chorology, European and sub-Mediterranean floristic elements were dominant in the samples, while the proportion of continental elements was substantially smaller than that in steppe woodlands. As a result, our samples were identified with the plant association Pulmonario mollis-Quercetum roboris Kevey 2008, which is classified into the suballiance Polygonato latifolio-Quercenion roboris Kevey 2008 in the phytosociological system.
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Ceratocephala testiculata (Crantz) Roth and further data to the flora of the foothills of Bükk Mts.('Bükkalja', NE Hungary)
81-142Views:374This paper reports new floristic data of 367 taxa (365 species and two hybrids) from the foothill region of Bükk Mts. ('Bükkalja', NE-Hungary) based on 5470 field collected data records. The data was collected between 1997–2014 and supplemented with herbaria (altogether 344 herbaria sheets). Data evaluation was based on the comprehensive Bükk Flora of András Vojtkó and further papers. Altogether 45 species were registered as previously unreported from the area, whereas three species had old data (Acer negundo, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Xanthium strumarium). Out of the newly registered species six native species inhabits natural habitats (Carex flacca, Ceratocephala testiculata, Glycerrhiza echinata, Gypsophila paniculata, Kochia laniflora, Marrubium vulgare), whereas five species represents the weed flora (Anthemis ruthenica, Chenopodium ficifolium, Eragrostis pilosa, Senecio vernalis, Xanthium strumarium). The majority of the newly observed species are adventives. Five species were also regarded as recent introduction regionally, although they are native in the country (mostly lowland species: Crypsis alopecuroides, Limonium gmelini subsp. hungaricum, Salsola kali, Scirpoides holoschoenus, Trifolium angulatum). Typical threats observed are landscape and habitat degradation by invasive alien species out of which 11 are newly added. Mass occurrences were detected for the following invasive alien species: Bidens frondosa, Impatiens glandulifera, Phytolacca esculenta, Xanthium italicum. 43 species are also registered, which did not have recently published data from the area. These species include more native elements representing different habitat preferences (dry grasslands, wet meadows, forest and weeds). In case of 65 species the unravelled new occurrences increased significantly, thus contributed to the clarification of their distribution pattern. It was found that the floristic data accumulated on a decade-scale are not sufficient for the analysis of floristic trends, but could serve as a good basis for surveying floristic gradients between the mountainous and lowland areas.
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Floristic and vegetation change on the Sphagnum-dominated mire of Egerbakta
129–138Views:135Since 1988, open stands of Menyanthes trifoliata have disappeared, communities of Carex rostrata have declined, and the Sphagnum-dominated willow carr has expanded. The mire’s central associations include Caricetum rostratae, Salici cinereae–Sphagnetum recurvi sphagnetosum squarrosi, and Calamagrosti–Salicetum cinereae. In the mainly nudum lagg zone, the following communities occur: Bidenti–Polygonetum hydropiperis, Bidenti–Polygonetum hydropiperis urticetosum dioicae, Caricetum acutiformis, Juncetum effusi, Glycerietum maximae, and a community dominated by Poa nemoralis. We recorded 77 vascular plant species, 62 of which were new to the site. Rare species have declined in number: Menyanthes trifoliata and Cicuta virosa are now absent, and of the former eight Sphagnum species, only Sphagnum squarrosum remains. The original Salici cinereae–Sphagnetum recurvi sphagnetosum recurvi subassociation transitioned into Salici cinereae–Sphagnetum recurvi sphagnetosum squarrosi after the mire remained completely dry and peat-moss-free for several years around 2000. Central communities reflect a cool, moderately acidic, oligotrophic environment with low pH and conductivity. In contrast, lagg vegetation indicates warmer, nutrient-rich, less acidic conditions. The mire’s most valuable zone is its central, Sphagnum-rich area, whose preservation depends on a natural water supply maintained by continuous forest cover in the catchment and stable or reduced large game populations.
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A new, remarkable population of Epipactis placentina found near Parádsasvár village (Mátra Mts, NE Hungary)
247–248Views:420The present paper surveyes the Hungarian records of Epipactis placentina Bongiorni & Grünanger, which is the rarest Epipactis species in Hungary. Currently, E. placentina is known only at Parádsasvár village in the country. This population (ca. 40 generative individuals) was found in 2019, in an old beech forest, in northern exposition.
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Campylopus flexuosus (Hedw.) Brid. in the Western Mecsek Mts. (South Transdanubia, Hungary)
28-37Views:349During a field survey in 2014, new localities of Campylopus flexuosus, were found in humid acidophilous oak and beech forests in the Western part of the Mecsek Mts. As a new element of the Hungarian bryoflora, C. flexuosus was discovered in 2013 in the Bakony Mts by Peter Erzberger and Csaba Németh. The localities of the sometimes extensive stands are enumerated, the size of the populations is estimated and the associated bryophyte and higher plant species are listed. Some morphological differences between C. flexuosus and the similar moss Dicranum flagellare are described and illustrated. Some interesting results of a revision of D. flagellare specimens in BP are compared with the actual distribution of C. flexuosus and lead to the conclusion that this species can be treated as a potentially expansive moss in humid acidophilous forests of the Mecsek Mts.
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Distribution and infection rate of (Viscum album subsp. austriacum) in Hungary
89-102Views:294Based on the data collected between 2015 and 2023, we present a detailed account of the occurrences and current distribution of Viscum album subsp. austriacum in Hungary. We present its frequency and abundance, and also examine the factors influencing its distribution and prevalence. The taxon is generally widespread in the western half of Western Transdanubia, where it is a characteristic (and partially native) element of the mixed pine forests of the Vendvidék, Felső-Őrség, Kőszeg Hills, and the Pinka Plain. Its occurrence has been confirmed in almost all (older) Scots pine and black pine stands of the Sopron Hills, where it has become a mass pest in several locations. Based on our studies, the current distribution of the taxon in Southwestern Transdanubia follows the border of the native distribution of Scots pine, but in the Kemeneshát and the Sopron–Vas Plain, the regional boundary extends 10–25 km beyond it. The frequency of pine mistletoe within the subcompartments was highest in mixed coniferous stands. We also recorded a mass infection that played a significant role in the degradation of the stands. The notable increase in the number of occurrences can be explained by the significant under-mapping of the taxon to date, as well as its documented spread throughout Europe. It is also assumed to be linked to the increasingly unfavorable health status of coniferous forests in Hungary. This process may be facilitated by the fact that the resistance of Scots pine forests in both hilly and lowland regions has significantly declined due to the increasing length and frequency of drought periods. Compared to previous years, forest stands in weakened condition are more susceptible to infections by pathogenic organisms, such as mistletoe.
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Online distribution atlas of the Hungarian vascular flora (Atlas Florae Hungariae): Homepage structure and prospects of database building
238–252Views:794In December 2018 the online Distribution atlas of vascular plants of Hungary (Atlas Florae Hungariae) was published. The database was built from more than 1 million data records. It mainly contains data from the Hungarian Flora Mapping Programme, but herbarium and literature data were also processed. Maps of species richness illustrate the taxonomic diversity of biogeographical areas and shows the differences of survey quality. After the Flora Mapping Programme ended, between 2016 and 2019, additional data from scientific articles were processed. 25% of new data originated from the article series “Contributions to the Atlas Florae Hungariae” in the Kitaibelia journal, which significantly broadened the distribution of some species. Records of Mesophile forest species (e.g. Allium ursinum, Dryopteris dilatata) increased, as well as records of weed species (e.g. Euphorbia maculata, Senecio vernalis) which can be attributed to their natural spreading. The most important future tasks are to create a reviewed list of taxa and extend data records with an attribute table containing all additional information. Until now the database website is presented only in Hungarian (http://floraatlasz.uni-sopron.hu). Registration is available for anybody, after sending a request via e-mail (atlas.florae.hungariae@uni-sopron.hu). There are different options (excel file by e-mail or online web form) on how to upload floristic data for registered users. Data is only accepted if required information (name of taxa, date, data publisher, settlement, CEU code) is filled out. Each record of uploaded data is revised by the website administrator and taxa specialists. The English version of the webpage will be available in the near future.
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Data to the flora and geobotany of Kisalföld (Lesser Plain) region, NW Hungary
235-253Views:265Lesser Plain (Kisalföld) – divided among three countries (Austria, Hungary and Slovakia) – is the westernmost part of the lowland areas of the Pannonian Basin. Present paper provides a résumé of the authors’ floristic work from the Hungarian part of the area, describing localities, habitats and regional phytogeography of 57 taxa altogether. The localities were listed according to the classification of small geographic regions. The most important results of the study are as follows:
- We recorded 5 species new to the region (Brachypodium rupestre, Bromus ramosus, Hypericum dubium, Lathyrus sphaericus, Tordylium maximum); all of them can be considered as submontane-montane elements.
- We reported several species new to a microregion within the Lesser Plain: montane species in the W-SW part of the Plain (Cirsium rivulare, Dryopteris dilatata, Equisetum telmateia), loess-connected species mainly on the Moson Plateau (Agropyron cristatum, Allium atroviolaceum, Euphorbia salicifolia, Viola ambigua); and occurrences of species on sandy soils near the Lake Fertő (Draba nemorosa, Stipa pennata).
- We explained the known localities of several salt tolerant species (e.g. Carex divisa, Crypsis alopecuroides, Juncus maritimus, Limonium gmelinii, Suaeda pannonica) from the Lake Fertő and its surroundings.
- We assessed the role of the forest management and nature conservational actions in the distribution of some important tree species (Acer tataricum, Betula pubescens, Fraxinus ornus, Quercus petraea, Salix pentandra).
- We discussed the regional nature conservational status of several protected and/or threatened species (e.g. Allium carinatum, Allium suaveolens, Carex strigosa, Hottonia palustris, Potamogeton coloratus, Stellaria palustris) in the Lesser Plain.
The activities of the authors in the surroundings of Győr were supported by monitoring results gained during the Hungarian Little Plain project (LIFE08 NAT/H/000289).
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Habitats and protected plants of Cuha-valley (Bakony Mts, W-Hungary)
80-88Views:149Floristic data were collected and habitat mapping was performed between 2009 and 2011 in the valley of Cuha-creek. During the field work occurrences of 423 vascular plant species (including 31 protected taxa) were recorded. Potentilla indica represents a previously unknown alien taxa of the study area. The dominant vegetation type of the Cuha-valley is beech forest. Further characteristic, important habitats are scree, ravine and hilltop forests. On the southern part of the valley – in close proximity of the Cuha-creek – expansion of several alien plants (Impatiens glandulifera, Fallopia spp., Heracleum mantegazzianum) were observed.
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Contributions to the flora of the Heves–Borsod and Uppony Hills and adjacent territories
173–226Views:278Results of nearly two decades of floristic research in the territory of Heves–Borsod Hills (Tarna-vidék) and the northern foreground of the Bükk Mts are presented in this paper (altogether 4421 records; BÁ: 1665, SJ: 2752). Several old literature records – partly supported by vouchers – are confirmed, e.g. Hypericum elegans and Lappula heteracantha from the Uppony Gorge, as well as Cephalaria transsylvanica, Cypripedium calceolus, Diplotaxis erucoides and Plantago indica from the Heves–Borsod Hills and the northern foreground of the Bükk Mts. Other former literature records (partly from the authors) are revised. These revisions are mainly due to changes in taxonomic concepts of some genera in new keys (Carex, Chamaecytisus, Epipactis, Molinia, Sorbus). Old literature and herbarium records of other significant taxa (Onosma visanii, Scutellaria columnae, Sorbus sp., Utricularia bremii/minor) are revised too. The new occurrence of Ferula sadleriana in the Uppony Gorge is probably the result of intentional seed dispersal. Of the many rare plants listed in our paper some are new for the flora of the region under study: Agrimonia procera, Alchemilla micans, Asplenium adiantum-nigrum, Astragalus austriacus, A. exscapus, Blysmus compressus, Carex appropinquata, C. cespitosa, Catabrosa aquatica, Centarea indurata, Dactylorhiza × aschersoniana, Epipactis voethii, Epipogium aphyllum, Equisetum hyemale, Festuca drymeja, Gagea bohemica, Glyceria nemoralis, Hesperis sylvestris, Myosotis caespitosa, Phegopteris connectilis, Platanthera chlorantha, P. × hybrida, Rosa gizellae, Scilla kladnii, Senecio doria, Solanum villosum, Taraxacum palustre, Triglochin palustre. Two phytocoenological relevés representing the habitats of Myosotis caespitosa and Spiraea media are presented. Currently known local distribution of some montane and forest-steppe elements are shown on maps.
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Data to the distribution and nature conservation of Sorbus bakonyensis
229-233Views:1519Sorbus bakonyensis (Jáv.) Jáv. (syn. S. majeri Barabits) is an apomictic species with a very narrow distribution range in the Bakony Mts (Hungary). Its previous occurrence data were published only from Kopasz Mt. (~Kápolna Hill, Csordás valley) above the village Márkó. It was possible to slightly expand the known area of the species to the East and to the West (Kis-Bükk Mt) of Kopasz Mt. with a detailed mapping. Due to the number of known individuals (six mature trees and a variable number of seedlings) and its small distribution range (~2 km2) the species is critically endangered. Regarding its small population, the high number of big game (wild boar, red deer) and the more and more frequent drought periods are significant risk factors. In situ preservation of the species is still a realistic goal, but ex situ propagation in tree nurseries and reintroduction to the suitable habitats of the mapped area (clearings, forest edges) are also justified.
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A new record of the threatened Anacamptodon splachnoides (Froel. ex Brid.) Brid. from the Bükk Mts. (NE Hungary)
202-205Views:291A new locality of the moss species Anacamptodon splachnoides (Froel. ex Brid.) Brid. was discovered in a Turkey oak-dominated forest stand in the Bükk Mts. (near Varbó village, North Hungarian Montains). A small population of this threatened bryophyte was found in a wet root-hole of a living Quercus cerris L. tree.
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Corydalis pumila in the Southern ‘Tiszántúl’ and further data on the forest flora of ‘Kis-Sárrét’ and ‘Körös Plain’
120–128Views:290This article presents some interesting floristic data from the survey of forests of the ‘Kis-Sarrét’ and the ‘Körös Plain’ microregions (East Hungary) between 2016 and 2024. This article focuses on species associated with mesophilic forests. The majority of the data presented are from the forests of the ‘Kis-Sarrét’ and the ‘Körös Plain’, including some surprising species new to the southern part of the ‘Tiszántúl’ region, including Corydalis pumila in Bélmegyer and Salvia glutinosa in Körösnagyharsány. Several species typical of mesophilic forests were also found in these two areas, which are extremely rare in the southern part of ‘Tiszántúl’ region, of which only one or two current occurrences are known (e.g. Allium oleraceum, Carex remota, Hesperis sylvestris and Orchis purpurea). In addition to the most interesting data, I report the occurrence of all species associated with mesophilic forests that are not included in the maps of the online database of Hungarian vascular plants, except for a few common species. The level of detail of the 42 species enumerated varies according to their importance. The more interesting species are described in more detail, while for the more common species, only brief occurrence data are given, with some comments where necessary.
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Temperature and soil moisture regimes of the forested and non-forested dolines of the Bükk Mountains based on ecological indicator values
331-338Views:278In the study we aimed to investigate whether there are differences in the ecological conditions of the forested and non-forested dolines of the Bükk Mountains (northern Hungary). Transects for sampling the herb layer were established across three forested and three non-forested dolines in a north to south direction, traversing the deepest point of the dolines. Presence-absence data of each vascular herb and tree sapling were recorded in the plots. Borhidi’s indicator values for temperature (TB) and soil moisture (WB) were used to compare the ecological conditions along the slopes. Our results showed that there were remarkable differences between the temperature and moisture regimes of the forested and non-forested dolines. Both the temperature and moisture gradients were more pronounced along the slopes of the non-forested dolines than along the forested ones. These are due to the fact that forest cover together with the features of the regional climate of the area has a considerable mitigating effect both on the air temperature and soil moisture regimes of dolines.
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White poplar riparian forests on the Csepel-sziget, Middle-Hungary (Senecioni sarracenici-Populetum albae Kevey in Borhidi & Kevey 1996)
57–78Views:437In this paper the white poplar riparian forests (Senecioni sarracenici-Populetum albae) growing on the Csepel-sziget and its vicinity are described and characterized based on 25 phytosociological relevés. These communities grow on loose fluvial sand and raw alluvial soils on the elevated parts of the lower river floodplain. They can readily be distinguished from willow gallery forests (Leucojo aestivi-Salicetum albae) which have no shrub layers and grow in habitats 1–1.5 m below the level of poplar forests on rather heavy and muddy soils. They differ also from the oak-ash-elm forests (Scillo vindobonensis-Ulmetum) growing in the upper floodplain. Certain – partly submontane – plants that are rare or completely absent in other parts of the Great Hungarian Plains may also occur in them, such as Anemone ranunculoides, Carex remota, Clematis recta, Crataegus × degenii, Crataegus nigra, Epipactis helleborine, Equisetum hyemale, Galanthus nivalis, Lathraea squamaria, Leucojum aestivum, Paris quadrifolia, Scilla vindobonensis, Vitis sylvestris. This association is classified in the sub-alliance Populenion nigro-albae Kevey 2008 in the syntaxonomical system.
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White willow riparian forests along the upper Tisza River, Hungary
78–100Views:283Forests of the Tisza floodplain in the northwestern part of Hungary include white willow riparian forests (Leucojo aestivi-Salicetum albae) that are phytosociologically little studied. This study summarizes the characteristics of this community based on 25 phytosociological relevés. These forests grow mostly on mud and raw alluvial soil in the low-lying parts of the lower terraces of the floodplain. They are easily separated by their species composition and underdeveloped shrub layer from white poplar gallery forests (Senecioni sarracenici-Populetum albae)., which grow on higher lying ground with rather light sandy soil and typically possess a pronounced shrub layer. The understory of their stands may often host plants that are rare or completely absent in other parts of the country, such as Cardamine amara, Cardamine flexuosa, Cardaminopsis arenosa, Carex pseudocyperus, Carex remota, Chrysosplenium alternifolium, Leucanthemella serotina, Leucojum aestivum, Oenanthe banatica, Scrophularia scopolii, Telekia speciosa, Vitis sylvestris. This community is classified in the „Salicenion albae-fragilis Kevey 2008” suballiance.
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Contributions to the flora of Tolna and Baranya counties IV.
17-33Views:393The authors present the most important floristic data of Tolna and Baranya counties, collected together or separately in the last 15 years, or observed by other data providers. In total, occurrence data of 140 taxa are reported. Most of them are protected species in Hungary, but the list also includes rarer weeds (Adonis flammea, Althaea cannabina, Aphanes arvensis, Bunias orientalis, Legousia speculum-veneris, Vicia lutea) and adventive species (Helminthia echioides, Oxybaphus nyctagineus, Rubia tinctorum). Several species of phytogeographical importance were also found in the forest-steppe vegetation of the loess areas studied. Occurrence of Linaria biebersteinii should be highlighted. L. biebersteinii is a very rare species in the Transdanubian region, and is no longer found in Europe west of this region. The occurrence of Himantoglossum adriaticum is a new contribution to the flora of the southern Transdanubian region.