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Spreading of native Spergularia species along roadsides of Transdanubia (NW Hungary)
141-150Views:186During the systematic floristic research along Transdanubian roads (NW Hungary) since 2013, two native halophyte Spergularia species has been found. Due to the well known spreading near motorways in Eastern-Central Europe, the appearance of Spergularia marina along roads in north-western Hungary is not a surprise. Occurrences of the species were registered along fourteen main roads. Some of the stands are very rich where S. marina forms single-species lines along the asphalt edge. The spreading of Spergularia media along roads is yet much less intensive. Four stands were found near the motorways M1 and M7, main road 74, and the common section of the main road 86-87. Both species are native in the Hungarian plains, being specific elements of Pannonic alkali grassland associations, however, their secondary migration along road edges is promoted by road salting, intensive management of roads and increased vehicle traffic. In this paper, we specify secondary occurrences of the two Spergularia species, discuss their ecological and abiotic circumstances and publish corresponding distribution maps. Due to recognition problems in Spergularia, a corrected determination key was provided.
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New occurrence of Cycloloma atriplicifolia in the Northern part of Kiskunság region (C Hungary)
107–108Views:236A new occurrence was found of the rare non-native species, Cycloloma atriplicifolia (Spreng.) J. M. Coult. in the Northern part of Kiskunság, Hungary on 02.07.2019 on a sandy road [N 47.297476°, E 19.382936°, KEF: 8782.1]. This is 80 km apart from the first and until now single occurrence of this species in Hungary. The authors removed the individuals, however, some seeds could remain in the soil. It is assumable, that the species was spread by wheels of the car used by the authors, as they visited the original occurrence of the species and the new one during the autumn in 2018 with the same car. This new occurrence draws attention to an important, but overlooked invasion pathway: to the invasion with cars of ecologists.
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The flora of Bolondvár (Central Hungary, Colocense)
133-141Views:108A 0.26 km2 sized Natura 2000 area called Bolondvár, located in Central Hungary, near the village Mezőfalva was studied. It is used regularly as a meadow or sometimes as a pasture. Floristic data were collected between 2010 and 2013. The total number of taxa recorded was 362. The species diversity was high compared to other places of Hungary. There were 11 protected (e.g. Ajuga laxmannii, Astragalus asper, Cirsium boujartii, Inula germanica) and numerous locally rare species (e.g. Hieracium densiflorum, Lavatera thuringiaca, Orobanche lutea, Veronica austriaca).
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New occurrence of Myricaria germanica in a secondary habitat (NE Hungary)
118–122Views:22582In this paper, we report a new occurrence of Myricaria germanica (L.) Desf in a secondary habitat from the north-eastern part of Hungary, from the edge of the Bükk Mountains, in a slag dump in Miskolc. The plant is established on a steep wall formed during the extraction of slag. Due to the erosion of the wall, occasionally a few plants fall off. The age of the dead specimens is between 5 and 13 years, based on their growth rings. The population of about 50 individuals is the largest (but perhaps the only) living population of the species in Hungary. Other rare and protected species (Epilobium dodonaei Vill., Dysphania botrys (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants, Dryopteris carthusiana (Vill.) H.P. Fuchs, Polystichum aculeatum (L.) Roth ex Mert.) have also been found in the slag heap area.
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Contributions to the Atlas Florae Hungariae II.
227-252Views:344The present article is the second part of the series aiming to contribute with new data to the distribution maps published recently in Atlas Florae Hungariae. Current occurrence data of 612 vascular plant taxa from 283 flora mapping quadrates (CEU) are presented. New records are distributed over the entire Hungary, however, most are localised in the North Hungarian Mts. Occurrence data of rare native taxa (e.g. Antennaria dioica, Bupleurum pachnospermum, Carex rostrata, Ceratocephala testiculata, Cicuta virosa, Cirsium boujartii, Epipactis moravica, Lycopsis arvensis, Parnassia palustris, Pyrus nivalis, Rumex kerneri, Rumex pulcher, Silene nemoralis, Stellaria alsine, Teucrium botrys, Vicia lutea), rare or data-deficient alien taxa (e.g. Nonea lutea, Panicum dichotomiflorum, Silybum marianum) as well as frequent but more or less underrepresented taxa (e.g. Eragrostis minor, Heliotropium europaeum, Saxifraga tridactylites) are also enumerated, since our intention was to fill the gaps in the Atlas. Remarcable contribution on the occupied territory of Ranunculus illyricus and Spergula pentandra in the Nyírség region (E Hungary), and on the Hungarian distribution of expanding alien weed Senecio vernalis are also presented.
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Contributions to the subspontaneous occurrences of Malva moschata (Malvaceae) in Hungary
200–202Views:178Malva moschata is an alien species in Hungary, seldom cultivated as garden ornamental plant. Although considered as occasional escapee from cultivation, Hungarian literature has only cited Budapest as an example of such cases thus far. During a revision of the Malva collection in BP herbarium, several specimens were traced (mostly erroneously labelled as Malva alcea) which demonstrate subspontaneous occurrences of the species, primarily from the Transdanubian region (Hungary). The vouchers are hereby listed, arranged in alphabetical order of localities (settlements). Literary connections, if relevant, are briefly discussed.
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Conservational status of Grimmia plagiopodia Hedw. in Hungary
133-140Views:109Three new localities of the protected and endangered moss species, Grimmia plagiopodia Hedw., were discovered in 2017 in the southern part of Börzsöny Mts (North Hungarian Mountains) at Nagymaros and Kismaros villages. The authors have re-evaluated the threat-status of the species applying the most recent IUCN Red List categories and criteria. According to this, G. plagiopodia can still get the endangered (EN) status in Hungary.
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On the former occurrence of Calla palustris in Hungary
200-210Views:1731The origin of a more than 150 years old herbarium specimen of Calla palustris L. stored in JPU is reconsidered in this study. According to the information on its label, the specimen was collected in 1856 at Lake Velence, close to Székesfehérvár city (central Hungary). Some Hungarian botanists are skeptical about the authenticity of this record. Based on the current occurrences of some remarkable swamp species (e.g. Carex pseudocyperus, Liparis loeselii, Sphagnum spp.) and habitat types (e.g. willow carrs and swamp forests) at the lake, as well as the habitat preference of bog arum, there is no reason to question the former occurrence of the species here or even in other Hungarian localities. The content and accuracy of the examined voucher meet the expectations of floristic data. However, in the absence of recent data the species can be considered extinct from Hungary.
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The subgenus Ceratochloa (DC. et P. Beauv.) Hack. (Bromus L., Poaceae) in Hungary
44-47Views:156The subgenus Ceratochloa is a taxonomically difficult small group of the genus Bromus. The species of this subgenus are mostly native to America, and are often introduced to other continents. Two species of them, namely B. catharticus and B. carinatus have been reported from Hungary so far. Bromus catharticus was first found in Győr city in the 1910s, much later (in the 2000s) in Környe and Kálmánháza villages. The Hungarian records of B. carinatus come from Keszthely and Sopron cities. We have recently found two new occurrences of B. catharticus in the city of Pécs, South Hungary.
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Short communications
257–266Views:7571. Occurrence of Ophioglossum vulgatum in a dry loess grassland in the Tiszafüred–Kunhegyes plain (Great Hungarian Plain)
2. Dolomite rocky grassland species introduced by raw materials of a road construction (Kecskemét, Great Hungarian Plain)
3. Geranium divaricatum on the Hevesi-sík, next to Füzesabony (Great Hungarian Plain)
4. Ophrys sphegodes in the Castriferreicum (W Hungary)
5. First occurrence of Cephalanthera longifolia var. rosea in Hungary
6. Spiraea crenata in the Eastern Bakony Mts (Transdanubian Range, Hungary)
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The occurences of two ‘old-new’ alien grass species, Rostraria cristata (L.) Tzvelev and Cynosurus echinatus L. in Pécs
39-42Views:91Some small populations of Rostraria cristata and Cynosurus echinatus, two ‘old-new’ alien grass species in Hungary, were recently discovered in the city of Pécs (South Hungary). A morphological description of these species as well as a survey of their former and current localities are presented.
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The occurrence of Viola collina Besser in the Bükk and Uppony Mts. (N Hungary)
254-258Views:159Herbarium revisions and recent field observations revealed the occurrence of Viola collina Besser in the Bükk and Uppony Mts. (northern Hungary). This species has not been reported from the North Hungarian Mountains thus far. Altogether 94 localities of V. collina have been recorded in that region between 2007 and 2014. A map of the species’ local distribution is provided. Local habitat preferences of V. collina are briefly discussed.
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Data on the distribution of some protected plant species and on their presence in secondary habitats
183-199Views:1828In this paper, I publish my floristic data on some protected and strictly protected plant species collected in Hungary between 2016 and 2021. The data published in this paper cover 31 micro regions of Hungary, but most of them come from the Great Hungarian Plain, especially from Pest and Bács-Kiskun counties. I describe the occurrences of 41 protected and three strictly protected vascular plant species (two ferns and 42 flowering plants), some of which represent new data for the particular micro region or even larger geographical areas (e.g. Botrychium matricariifolium, Thlaspi alliaceum and Nasturtium officinale). For some species, the published data either come from floristically understudied areas (e.g. Ranunculus illyricus, Vinca herbacea and Cardamine amara) or are considered rare in the certain region and/or in the whole country (e.g. Apium repens, Cnidium dubium and Vicia narbonensis). For other species, the newly reported occurrences are presented as complement to the already known distribution data (e.g. Cephalanthera damasonium, C. rubra, Linaria biebersteinii, Sonchus palustris and Agrostemma githago). In support of the nature conservation actions, I provide data from the flora of some floristically understudied micro regions (e.g. Dorozsma-Majsai Sand Ridge, Bácskai Loess Plain) and try to highlight the role of canals in Hungary in species and biodiversity conservation, by the example of the Danube-Tisza canal. In this manuscript, I publish data on twelve protected plant species from the Danube-Tisza canal and its canal bank (eg. Peucedanum palustre, Carex paniculata, Clematis integrifolia).
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Distribution of Pseudoleskea saviana (De Not.) Latzel in Hungary
272–285Views:164Three new localities of the moss species Pseudoleskea saviana (De Not.) Latzel were discovered in the Börzsöny Mts in the administrative district of Perőcsény village, North Hungarian Mountains (Nagy-Hideg-hegy, near Hangyás-bérc, in the col between Csóványos and Magosfa). Small populations were found on shaded andesitic boulders in mixed deciduous forests. Up to the present, only old collections of the species were known from a single locality in the Mátra Mts; therefore, the red list status was data deficient. The morphological distinction of P. saviana from P. incurvata, its closely related congener also reported from Hungary is not always exempt from difficulties. However, the presence (P. saviana) or absence (P. incurvata) of a central strand in the stems, the shape of mid-leaf cells (P. saviana: more elongated, 3–4 times as long as wide; P. incurvata: at most twice as long as wide), as well as the shape of the outer basal cells (P. saviana: quadrate or shortly rectangular; P. incurvata: transversely elongated) seem to be reliable distinctive features.
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The Wildflower of the Year 2016 in Hungary: snake's head fritillary (Fritillaria meleagris)
79–100Views:1055In this paper a short review of the nomenclature and etymology, taxonomy, morphology, histology, life cycle, phenology, reproduction, habitat preference, biotic interactions, biologically active compounds, micropropagation, applications possibilities and conservation status of snake's head fritillary (Fritillaria meleagris L.) can be found. Refining of the European distribution area and contributions to the distribution in Hungary are also presented. Primer seed-set, thousand-seed weight, soil charac¬teristic and demographic data are published.
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Contributions to the Atlas Florae Hungariae V.
383–403Views:203The current paper is the 5th one in the series aiming to contribute with new distribution data to the distribution maps published recently in Atlas Florae Hungariae. Several distribution data of 360 plant taxa from 66 flora mapping units are published in this study. Most of them are from the South Transdanubia. As a result of systematic surveys, more than 30 new species were found in 6 flora mapping quadrates. Most of the species are frequent, treated usually as weeds, but some of them are rare (e.g. Anchusa azurea, Centunculus minimus, Euphorbia stricta, Hypericum humifusum, Sagina apetala), and in some cases they are legally protected species in Hungary (e.g. Asplenium adiantum-nigrum, Dryopteris affinis, Festuca dalmatica, Gymnocarpium dryopteris, Urtica kioviensis).
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Contributions to the flora of the Szuha watershed and adjacent territories (NE Hungary)
27-67Views:320This paper presents new floristic data of 415 taxa from the Putnok Hills and Sajó Valley microregions (Northern Hungary). Records were collected between 1991 and 2021. In the first part new occurrences of legally protected (e.g., Cypripedium calceolus, Iris aphylla subsp. hungarica, Lycopodium clavatum, Thalictrum aquilegiifolium, Pyrola rotundifolia, Scorzonera purpurea, Stipa pulcherrima) and not protected but locally rare or data-deficient species (e.g., Myosurus minimus, Thalictrum simplex, Sisymbrium loeselii, Camelina microcarpa, Potentilla collina, Trifolium striatum, Geranium pratense, G. dissectum, G. divaricatum, Viola pumila, Epilobium roseum, Myriophyllum spicatum, Pimpinella major, Berula erecta, Trinia ramosissima, Centaurium pulchellum, Nepeta cataria, Limosella aquatica, Veronica scutellata, Orobanche arenaria, Utricularia vulgaris, Galium elongatum, Cephalaria transsylvanica, Dipsacus fullonum, Xanthium saccharatum, Alisma lanceolatum, Elodea canadensis, Potamogeton pectinatus, P. berchtoldii, P. lucens, P. nodosus, Zannichellia palustris, Sisyrinchium bermudiana, Melica picta, Elymus elongatus, Leersia oryzoides, Typha laxmannii, Eriochloa villosa) are presented. This chapter contains data on 246 species from which 8 are new for the flora of the Tornense flora region and 47 for its subregion, the Putnok Hills. Further contributions to the distribution data of Atlas Florae Hungariae are presented in Electronic Appendix. This section contains raw occurrence data of 169 species.
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Epipactis exilis in the Börzsöny Mts (C Hungary)
102-103Views:228Seven specimens of Epipactis exilis has been found in the Börzsöny Mts, in a beech forest along the creek Szén-patak on the 21st August 2020. This strictly protected species is very rare in Hungary, the present observation is its fifth occurrence in the country. It is new to the Börzsöny Mts flora.
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Interesting moss and liverwort records from the Western Mecsek Mts (South Transdanubia, Hungary)
29-38Views:107During an extensive field work in the acidophilous forests and fens of the Western Mecsek Mts. current localities of several species, which haven’t been recognised here for 50 years, were revealed (e.g. Bazzania trilobata, Diphyscium foliosum, Scapania nemorea). The authors also found some new stands of regionally and/or locally rare taxa (e.g. Buxbaumia aphylla, Dicranum tauricum, Jamesoniella autumnalis, Lepidozia reptans, Sphagnum squarrosum) as well as species new to the moss flora of the Mecsek Mts. (e.g. Aulacomnium androgynum, A. palustre, Calliergon cordifolium, Hedwigia stellata). Both investigated habitat types were found to be infected by invasive moss (Campylopus introflexus) and liverwort (Riccia rhenana) species. It is noteworthy that most of the species were found in winter or at the beginning of spring, when most vascular plants are inactive and their coverage is negligible. In this period moss and liverwort taxa are active, and are therefore easily noticeable. The authors raise the possibility that the expansion of Dicranum tauricum in Hungary is a consequence of former coniferous (especially Pinus spp.) plantations, since the old, dead trunks of pine species can serve as stepping stones to colonization for this taxon.
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Data to the flora and geobotany of Kisalföld (Lesser Plain) region, NW Hungary
235-253Views:145Lesser Plain (Kisalföld) – divided among three countries (Austria, Hungary and Slovakia) – is the westernmost part of the lowland areas of the Pannonian Basin. Present paper provides a résumé of the authors’ floristic work from the Hungarian part of the area, describing localities, habitats and regional phytogeography of 57 taxa altogether. The localities were listed according to the classification of small geographic regions. The most important results of the study are as follows:
- We recorded 5 species new to the region (Brachypodium rupestre, Bromus ramosus, Hypericum dubium, Lathyrus sphaericus, Tordylium maximum); all of them can be considered as submontane-montane elements.
- We reported several species new to a microregion within the Lesser Plain: montane species in the W-SW part of the Plain (Cirsium rivulare, Dryopteris dilatata, Equisetum telmateia), loess-connected species mainly on the Moson Plateau (Agropyron cristatum, Allium atroviolaceum, Euphorbia salicifolia, Viola ambigua); and occurrences of species on sandy soils near the Lake Fertő (Draba nemorosa, Stipa pennata).
- We explained the known localities of several salt tolerant species (e.g. Carex divisa, Crypsis alopecuroides, Juncus maritimus, Limonium gmelinii, Suaeda pannonica) from the Lake Fertő and its surroundings.
- We assessed the role of the forest management and nature conservational actions in the distribution of some important tree species (Acer tataricum, Betula pubescens, Fraxinus ornus, Quercus petraea, Salix pentandra).
- We discussed the regional nature conservational status of several protected and/or threatened species (e.g. Allium carinatum, Allium suaveolens, Carex strigosa, Hottonia palustris, Potamogeton coloratus, Stellaria palustris) in the Lesser Plain.
The activities of the authors in the surroundings of Győr were supported by monitoring results gained during the Hungarian Little Plain project (LIFE08 NAT/H/000289).
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Remnants of closed oak woods on loess in the Mezőföld (Pulmonario mollis-Quercetum roboris Kevey 2008)
66–93Views:185The phytosociological characterization of closed oak forests occurring in the loess-covered part of Central Hungary (Mezőföld) is presented. Such forest fragments are found very sporadically in that predominantly treeless region, mostly in semi-dry habitats of north-facing hillsides. This plant community represents an intermediate stage between open steppe woodland (Aceri tatarici-Quercetum pubescentis-roboris) and closed mesic oak-hornbeam forests (Corydali cavae-Carpinetum). Analyses of 20 phytosociological samples using multivariate grouping methods (cluster analysis, principal coordinates analysis) showed a clear difference between these samples and samples of similar communities occurring in the area. In the species composition the characteristic elements of dry and mesic oak forests (Quercetea pubescentis-petraeae, Quercetalia cerridis, Aceri tatarici-Quercion and Fagetalia, respectively) played a major role. On the other hand, dry grassland species (Festuco-Brometea, Festucetalia valesiacae, Festucion rupicolae, etc.) were much less significant than in steppe woodlands. In terms of chorology, European and sub-Mediterranean floristic elements were dominant in the samples, while the proportion of continental elements was substantially smaller than that in steppe woodlands. As a result, our samples were identified with the plant association Pulmonario mollis-Quercetum roboris Kevey 2008, which is classified into the suballiance Polygonato latifolio-Quercenion roboris Kevey 2008 in the phytosociological system.
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Epipactis pseudopurpurata Mered’a, a new orchid species for the Hungarian flora
27–32Views:113A small population of Epipactis pseudopurpurata new to the flora of Hungary was found in the Buda Mts, near Telki village (Pest county). The main diagnostic features of this species are discussed, and a comparison with the allied species, E. purpurata is provided.
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Taxiphyllum densifolium (Taxiphyllaceae) and other rare bryophytes of the Mecsek valleys (SW Hungary)
3-16Views:159In this paper, we deal with threatened and/or legally protected bryophytes found in the shady, forested valleys of the Mecsek Mountains, which are rare in national and/or local terms. Taxiphyllum densifolium, a rare moss in Europe has stable colonies with sporophytes in two valleys. This study is the first to describe the spore characteristics of this species. The previously considered unique and legally protected Rhynchostegiella teneriffae is nowadays so widespread in the Mecsek that it can no longer be considered a vulnerable species (VU) in Hungary. We present the first population of the legally protected Neckera pennata in Tolna county, and we also report on the recent, unusual occurrence of the data-deficient (DD) Fossombronia wondraczekii. We also list new populations of three other endangered (EN) species, Blindiadelphus recurvatus, Palustriella commutata and Porella arboris-vitae. Several vulnerable (VU) taxa such as Blepharostoma trichophyllum, Porella cordaeana, Sciuro-hypnum flotowianum, Seligeria pusilla, as well as new occurrences of near threatened (NT) mosses such as Microeurhynchium pumilum (with sporophytes), Phaeoceros carolinianus are documented. In addition, the data on Rhynchostegium rotundifolium in Jakab Mountain, which has not been recorded for more than 50 years, is confirmed. The difficulties of differentiating Hygroamblystegium species are briefly discussed.
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Contributions to the Atlas Florae Hungariae III.
122-146Views:519The current paper is the third one in the series aiming to contribute with new distribution data to the distribution maps published recently in Atlas Florae Hungariae. Current occurrence data of 558 vascular plant taxa from 186 flora mapping quadrates (CEU) are presented. New records are indicated from different regions of Hungary; however, most occurrences are located in the North Hungarian Mts. Occurrence data of rare native taxa (e.g. Marsilea quadrifolia, Salicornia prostrata, Stellaria palustris, Potentilla patula, Althaea cannabina, Lythrum tribracteatum, Ajuga laxmannii, Plantago schwarzenbergiana, Alisma gramineum, Gagea bohemica, G. szovitsii), rare or data-deficient alien taxa (e.g. Chorispora tenella, Thladiantha dubia, Senecio vernalis) as well as frequent but more or less underrepresented taxa (e.g. Scleranthus annuus, Vicia hirsuta, V. lathyroides) are also enumerated. In case of the most common species we provided the CEU codes only.
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Floristic records from Northern Hungary II. North Cserehát and Upper Bódva valley
31–48Views:304This paper presents new floristic data of 123 taxa from the regions of North Cserehát and Upper Bódva valley (Northern Hungary). Records were collected between 1995 and 2020. New occurrences of legally protected (e.g., Dactylorhiza incarnata, Eriophorum angustifolium, Lycopodium clavatum) and not protected but locally rare or data-deficient species (e.g., Artemisia annua, Carex remota, Cirsium pannonicum, Cyperus fuscus, Genista pilosa, Melampyrum cristatum Ranunculus flammula, Scorzonera purpurea, Silene noctiflora) are presented.