Search
Search Results
-
Controlling Methods for SMEs’ Risk Reduction
23-30Views:274A substantial proportion of entrepreneurs strive to reduce the risk of their activity, which means they refer to a number of methods known, but rarely applied by them. Risk reduction activities can be totally interconnected with the ‘controlling’ approach and methods that are still not well known to a lot of company executives, but the introduction and application of those methods provide tangible results for business decision-makers within a relatively short period of time. The paper presents the size, activity, financial process characteristics, planning features, suppliers and buyers' evaluation practices of the investigated SMEs using correlation analysis methods. The study is a continuation of a research topic that has been going on for many years and is based on data collection from the years 2015 and 2016. We have evaluated the planning and management features of a total of 53 micro, small and medium-sized enterprises by questionnaire processing.
-
Applicability of Financial and Management Accounting Methods in the Practice of Corporate Assessment
134-139Views:643Corporate assessment features as an independent professional fi eld which in its operai on employs and integrates accouni ng, fi nance and marketing knowledge. THe globalisai on of the economy justifies the adopi on of applied methods, too. Having studied the methodology presented in international trade literature we can conclude that the work extends to several areas and its depends on several external factors. Whether its is possible to defi ne the value of a corporation accurately remains an eternal quesi on. Naturally, the answer is no; we can only give an estimate and aim to get as close to accuracy as possible.
On the role of accountancy we can declare that Hungarian accouni ng methods are adequate to obtain the necessary fi gures; the data available in the system need only a minimum level of additional calculation. -
Measuring intellectual capital through a company example
1-13Views:439Our research aims to examine the “invisible value” found at UPC Magyarország Kft. Since Vodafone Magyarország Nyrt. announced the acquisition of UPC Magyarország Kft. in 2020. Our research is aimed at using different methods to determine the invisible assets, intellectual capital, and added value, which cannot be determined directly from the financial statements of UPC Magyarország Kft. Since the financial statements prepared based on accounting principles follow the principle of prudence, many assets (mainly intangible assets) are not shown in the financial statements, so they only become visible after the moment of acquisition. Three different methods were used to measure intellectual capital, then the results were compared. The three methods use different points of view to measure intellectual capital and approach the concept of intellectual capital from other points of view. The CIV method shows us the lack of intellectual capital in relation to the industry or the surplus value; The EVA indicator explicitly shows us the intellectual capital size; and the VAIC method the efficiency of intellectual capital.
-
Incorporating Blended Learning in Teaching English for Specific Purposes
158-163Views:235As a result of the prevalent use of the Internet, teaching foreign languages can get a new perspective. This paper presents how teachers can incorporate the Internet in teaching English for specific purposes. First, a brief historical background of language learning methods is given, and then the focus shifts to a new
language learning project applying blended learning at the University of Debrecen. The paper also shows how traditional classroom activities can be combined with online methods to make language learning more enjoyable. -
The Effect of Must Clarification on the Quality of Wine
7-11Views:271The main goal of must clarification is to optimize the physical-chemical and biological conditions of must in order to be able to better manage fermentation and improve wine quality. Must clarification has to be as effective as possible is on the basis of technological and quality aspects (slower fermentation, cleaner fragrance, better conservation of primary and fermentation aromas) in the preparation of quality white wine. Must usually contains 10-30% sediment and this ratio can be higher when rotten grapes are processed or when the pressure in the press is high. Different clarification treatments can lower this rate below 5-10%. By removing sediment the inner surface of must is reduced and further must/wine treatments become easier. It is important not to overclarify the must because sediment contains nutriment for yeasts. As must flotation, separation and hyper-oxidation can damage fragrances and aromas, these methods were not applied.
-
The Possibilities for New Irrigation Methods in Floriculture in a Greenhouse
365-369Views:201Widespread irrigation methods: Dribbling: water is leaking in perforated pipes, it can be used in beds and on tables. Drip tube: various elements (drip tapes, hard tubes inserted into a dropping bottle) of water are delivered to the roots of the plants. Mat watering: the potted plants are placed in a so-called water vehicule duvet, which is be flooded with water. Ebb and flood system: the table of the greenhouse is flooded by water or a nutrient solution at the height of 1-2 cm. Sprinkler irrigation system: the fineness of the the spray heads varies depending on the spray head, micro sprinkers are often used. It contributes to the inrease in the humidity of the environment. Boom watering: special equipment, a hosepipe with a fine spray nozzle which is moving over the plant beds or tables, it forms a right angle to them and moves back and forth.
-
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT METHODS
Views:656Performance assessment - assessment of the financial and economic performance of companies - is of particular importance both in determining the performance of individual companies and in comparing companies. There are numerous different frameworks and different methods of performance assessment in the scientific literature and in business practice. With the expansion of globalisation and the emergence of a new economy, the focus on this topic is even more prominent. The aim of the present article is to review the literature on performance assessment and to describe two selected frameworks in more detail.
-
Identi ty Awareness in the ’Melti ng-Pot’ - The Sociological Questi ons of the Identi ty of the Croati an Minority in Hungary
129-141Views:150In our research we have applied sociological methods in the investi gati on of the Croati an minority communiti es, of their values or scope of acti ons and their identi ty preservati on methods in the 21st century. As an interesti ng fact of the research, in Vas County communiti es we have found identi fi cati on and diff erenti ati on in and between classical and cultural nati on percepti on. We have investi gated the approach of identi fi cati on and as a result we can state that nati onal symbols are important elements of identi fi cati on. There are associati onal symbols originated from the nati onal past in the communiti es’ collecti ve mind (like fl ag, coat of arms, crown, and anthem). In the aspect of belonging to Hungarians, these dimensions appeared again in the research, but in this evaluati on the abstract concepts are too strong (for example: identi ty, cultural awareness). There was no signifi cant diff erence regarding the judgment criteria as regards who belongs to Croati an or Hungarian communiti es. Belonging to Croati an communiti es is realised by less perceivable abstracti ons.
Beyond the cultural nati on concept, belonging to Hungarians’ natural elements are the form and traditi on (border, ‘I was born in Hungary’, nati onality).
These parameters fi t bett er into the state nati on percepti on. These traditi ons are stronger presented among senior citi zens and under-educated populati on. -
GAMIFICATION, AS A NEW STRATEGIC TOOL FOR HR
Views:1136Globalization changed employee preferences, advances in technology, changes that make organizations face new challenges. Existing human resource management systems need to be reviewed or even new ones need to be created. “My hobby is my job, my job is my hobby,” says the saying, but how is it possible to attract a potential workforce and keep it afterward? Gamification is one of the possible answers of HR to this issue. Generation X, Y, and Z employees show significant differences compared to their predecessors, therefore innovative solutions are needed to maintain a long-term, productive, and loyal working relationship and satisfaction. The aim of this study was to explore the history of the development of gamification, the increase in its popularity, and its causes. After describing the methods of gamification, it presents the field of application of gamification based on domestic and international literature. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that well-applied gaming can be an effective solution in the fields of health preservation, education, learning, motivation, business, marketing, and human resource management.
-
Controlling characteristics of SMEs in the Észak-alföldi Region
259-263Views:262Since the regime change in Hungary, the main federal task has been to strengthen the small and medium-sized ventures. The size of the category plays an important role in the employment as well as in the GDP production. Those areas that make businesses strong and reduce the risk of their activities are in the center of attention in this hardly predictable economic era. One of those areas is the views and methods of controlling which is still hardly adoptable to most of the CEOs in businesses. The introduction and the use of these operations give concrete results within a relatively short period of time, making the decision makers’ job easier at the companies. The study includes the examined SMEs, the design of business characteristics, the valuation of suppliers and customers, the production and the prime costs of the service. The vision of SMEs that characterizes the application of the tools and methods of controlling are also included.
-
EXPLORING NON-VALUE-CREATING PROCESSES USING THE VSM METHOD THROUGH A CASE STUDY OF A SMALL ENTERPRISE’S MANUFACTURING SYSTEM.
Views:229One of the major problems in Hungary is the low level of productivity. This low level is particularly noticeable among small and medium-sized enterprises. In most regional and Western European countries, the average productivity level of enterprises of this size is higher than in Hungary. The current and expected shortage of labor in the near future poses a challenge to businesses. Creating wage growth that contributes to retaining the workforce can only be achieved in the long run by increasing productivity. If an organization is unable to achieve productivity gains, it will fall short of both domestic and international-global competition. The application of modern management and management systems, such as lean management, can be a key element in increasing the productivity and competitiveness of Hungarian small and medium-sized enterprises. Lean management is one of the most common and effective process organization methods and paradigms used in the secondary and tertiary sectors, so much so that the use of lean-based management methods has in many cases become a competitive criterion and fundamental.
In our research, we prepare the value process mapping of a CNC metal cutting SME, including the value process of CNC milling and turning processes. This value process mapping method offers an opportunity to make losses in the industry become known and preventable. Through the preparation of the map, it is possible to illustrate the processes that produce mud and thus reduce the lead time and increase productivity. In the course of our study, we present the practical implementation of the method through the example of a company manufacturing metal parts machined with CNC technology.
-
The Role of Arable Land in the Combination of Resources
118-123Views:199The purpose of my research work has been to systematize the land evaluation methods related to land mortgage lending, as well as to examine their modernization possibilities or to ponder on their relations with international trends.
-
“The earthworm is the best workmate of the farmer”– or beneficial effect of minimal soil disturbance on soil structure
250-258Views:270In recent decades in Germany the soil structure is greatly improved on a substantial part of the rable land. Soil erosion can be observed less commonly. Since the 1970s in Germany the intensity of soil disturbance is significantly reduced. The less disturbed soil has more mechanical load, namely the stability. The perforated structure with stable biopores ensures ecological functions, such as infiltration, aeration, root permeability, fertility. For this reason, soil compaction and soil erosion occur less frequently, they can be detected only in exceptional cases. But in Hungary, the same can not be said therefore it is a desirable objective to explore the cause of differences. Usually the best soil structure can be found on the arable lands without rotation cultivated. In Germany we could study the condition of soils in farms which using no-till system. We have analyzed the effect of soil cultivation methods on the soil structure.
-
Assessment of the New Regional Plan in Mongolia with regards to Rural Development and Urbanization Issues based on Arkhangai and Uvurkhangai Provinces
Views:312This study discusses the relationship between the rural development process in Mongolia regards to its rapid urbanization issues.This paper took Arkhangai and Uvurkhangai, two similar provinces, and compared their rural development from 2013 to 2021 to understand the complex relationship between rural development and urbanization issues. A chain-based method, fixed-based method as well as per capita methods were used to get more accurate results from the comparison. The results confirmed that ongoing rural-to-urban migration due to more access of education, workplace, etc. (due to its more attractive factors) slows down the development of such factors in that rural area, putting the whole process in a cycle. As for the two provinces, the infrastructure, education, health level is all similar, but their potential economic growth is specialized in two different sectors. Arkhangai has more agricultural products due to its land and soil resources and Uvurkhangai has more potential for the tourism sector. It can be concluded that the government’s new plan of dividing the country into six regions with specialized enterprises would be a good idea for future rural development projects (previously there were only four regions existing).
-
Practical experiences of business performance measurement in Hungarian e-commerce
58-75Views:88In E-commerce is gaining ground all over the world, and its role in the global economy is growing. However, it is important to note that the current inflationary environment puts e-commerce at a disadvantage compared to traditional sales. Rising prices for food and everyday goods have been reflected in consumers' shopping baskets, while e-commerce has seen increased demand for cheaper substitute products. This has reduced basket value and made it difficult to meet performance targets. As traditional stores have grown in importance, e-commerce's share of total trade has fallen from a record high of 10.4% in 2021 to 9.6% in 2022. It is forecast that, within ten years, 30% of retail sales will be made online. These changing shopping habits will present challenges for business leaders. The research aims to determine the extent to which e-commerce businesses in Hungary are influenced by performance measurement tools and systems, how these tools and systems are used, how they improve performance, and their impact on the achievement of corporate performance objectives. It is particularly important to examine which areas can be improved and which pose barriers or risks to achieving targets. In order to make key decisions, business leaders require information on the most impactful factors and those that will help them to achieve their goals. To achieve this, it is necessary to assess companies' current performance improvement and measurement practices and the results achieved, as well as identifying the interrelationships between the different factors. This research was conducted through a questionnaire survey of e-commerce businesses. Based on the responses, the factors that contribute most to effective management were investigated, highlighting the performance improvement and measurement tools on which these businesses should focus.
The questionnaire-based survey comprised a total of 24 items, organized into two main sections. The first section focused on collecting general background information, while the second section aimed to assess practices related to performance measurement and evaluation. This latter section included questions concerning performance objectives, performance-inhibiting and risk factors, the tools and methods used for performance measurement, operational, financial, and market-based performance outcomes, as well as the evaluation of measured performance.
A total of 224 valid responses were collected. During the data analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) was employed to reduce the dimensionality of the variable groups. Closely related variables were grouped into single components based on their intercorrelations. Subsequently, a dependent variable was defined, and the Backward elimination method was applied to identify those principal components that best explained the variance in the dependent variable. Cluster analysis was conducted to form distinct groups, and the financial, asset-related, and income-related indicators of the resulting clusters were examined. These clusters were later utilized in hypothesis testing. Improved profitability, increasing returns, and enhanced financial performance were observed in Cluster 2. For enterprises within this cluster, the introduction of new products, the establishment of long-term growth objectives, and the monitoring of website visits and customer complaints were considered particularly important. These findings suggest that such factors should be given special consideration by enterprises operating in online marketplaces.
-
Evaluation of the Technical Management Bsc by labor market and its development possibilities at the College of Szolnok
153-163Views:183The College of Szolnok conducted a qualitative research under the framework of SROP 4.1.1.C –12/1/KONV-2012-2004 to support the strategic development of Technical Management BA program. Using qualitative research methods we point out that the closer cooperation with companies will be crucial in the future: it is going to allow faster response to market demand, better knowledge transfer of newest skills, and higher acceptance of Technical Management BA program and College of Szolnok. Results show that the current training level in College of Szolnok requires further development to enhance the marketability of graduates, in which the transfer of the related areas is also an important issue. Addition to professional basic knowledge strong requirements are also language and communication skills in high-level.
-
Is loyalty measurable? The importance and effective assessment of customer satisfaction
45-57Views:96Customer satisfaction is one of the key factors of corporate competitiveness and long-term business success in the 21st century. The rapid advancement of digitalization and the increasing expectations of consumers further emphasize the need to measure and improve satisfaction. The aim of this research is to examine which factors influence customer satisfaction in the case of a specific company, and how discrepancies between service quality and customer expectations can be identified. The study focuses on the gap between perceived service quality and customer perception, for which the GAP model and the SERVQUAL scale provided the theoretical and methodological framework. The research is based on both secondary and primary data collection; the primary research was conducted using a questionnaire, measuring customer perceptions across five key dimensions: reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and tangible elements. The results indicate that the company has a fundamentally strong customer satisfaction base, particularly in terms of employee expertise and the quality of communication. However, areas for improvement were identified regarding the accuracy of information provision and customer communication, which are also relevant from the perspective of service gaps. The study highlights that properly applied measurement models not only enable the assessment of satisfaction levels but also serve as effective tools for the targeted improvement of service quality.
-
language teaching in the 21st century consist only of elearning?
92-99Views:179The paper deals with the design of own e-learning courses for both German for specific purposes and general German, with their didactic benefits and practical examples of e-learning courses created in the Moodle 2.5 version based on modular structure. The second part of the paper describes the purpose and specific outcomes of the Mahara E-Portfolio and vocational experience with the Mediasite system.
-
INVESTIGATION OF ETHNOCENTRIC BEHAVIOR USING THE CETSCALE MODEL
Views:225Nowadays, the protection of the local economy and society is strongly supported not only at the level of nations, but also at the global level. Our study was based on the CETSCALE model of Shimp and Sharma (1987), based on Sumner's (1906) concept of ethnocentrism. The consumer questionnaire survey was conducted in the fall of 2021 as part of an omnibus research on a representative sample (N=1000). The sample reflects the composition of the basic population in terms of gender, age, settlement type and regions. In the course of the research, in addition to descriptive statistical methods, factor and cluster analysis were performed in order to reveal the consumer segments formed along the lines of domestic ethnocentric values. Since in 2014 we already analyzed this set of statements in the framework of a representative large-scale study, we also had the opportunity to compare it with the results of seven years earlier. According to our expectations, the 2020 epidemic increased the commitment to Hungarian products. However, our preliminary assumption was not confirmed, during the analyzes it was revealed that there was no significant change compared to the previous state. Along the lines of the CETSCALE statements, it was possible to identify two factors and with their help to separate three segments, which were named Nationalist, Patriotic and Cosmopolitan based on their alignment with the value groups. It is in the fundamental interest of the actors of the domestic economy that the patriotic behavior is strengthened in the future, for which a strategy must be developed.
-
An economic study of a solar collector investment project with specific aspects of energy saving
121-124Views:210The energy saving properi es of an exisi ng solar collector investment has been assessed based on factual data and stai si cal methods. The seasonality of electricity, water and gas consumpi on has been determined. The number of guest nights, the electricity and gas consumpi on showed a strong and a moderate correlai on. The costs saved did not live up to the expectai ons, which makes the return indicators signifi cantly worse. The discrepancy may be due to the system being designed to be bigger than reasonable or the great energy loss as well. The lat er may be because of the distance between the collectors and the hot water containers. The system may have calibrai on problems as well. The whole area brings about saving an amount of energy that equals to HUF 851000, which translates into 8788 m3 of natural gas. The decrease of CO2 emission should come to 16.26 t. on an annual average.
-
The Analysis of Energy Drink Consumption Patterns among the Residents of Budapest in their Twenties
113-127Views:427In this analysis I examined the energy drink consumption patt erns of the residents of Budapest in their twenties. My goals were to get information about consumption patterns, to find out the main factors influencing choice, to learn about their knowledge about energy drinks and to determine the connections between the regularly consumed energy drink brand and its recognition by consumers with the help of a sensory test. My primary research was carried out with the help of qualitative (personal interviews) and quantitative (blind tests, questionnaire) research methods. The research findings show that the examined consumers drink energy drinks most often while awakening and partying. They drink them against tiredness and to improve concentration. Most consumers think that energy drinks are harmful; however they like and drink them.
-
Issues of social regeneration in hungarian small villages
53-67Views:187The problem depopulated settlements, which can be traced back to a lack of social reproduction, is not only a Central European phenomenon. Trends in the value and extent of consumer society are driving developing and developed societies, one of the indirect results of which is the aging population of villages and the depletion of endogenous resources in the affected settlements. With this, these settlements lose their most important competitiveness potential, their population retention power. In many cases, the economic vacuum found in small-village areas and the declining population further strengthen the process, which has a restrictive effect on the range of public service tasks, thus further worsening the opportunities of those living in the area. The study examines the economic and social potential of small villages using descriptive and complex statistical methods.
-
Tourism and leisure sport habits
118-125Views:284According to a survey among college students, there is – however on low level – positive connection between sport tourism consumers’ general health status (Cramer’s 0,089) and satisfaction of their life (Cramer’s 0,114). Aim of this study was to explore additional correlations. The questionnaire (N=360) permitted
analysis not just of sport tourism but also general tourism habits. We have explored statistic data of general tourism, and inside of this physical activity habits and by additional statistic methods we could get results of further correlations such as leisure sport activities of tourists and effects of tourism sport activities for leisure activities at home. -
Comparative analysis of the first-time application of international financial reporting standards, using the example of two companies
107-119Views:195In this article I have made a comparative analysis of the first application of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) from the perspective of two Hungarian companies engaged in financial activities, Budapest Fund Management Ltd. and Fundamenta-Lakáskassza Kft. The aim of the research is to explore the differences between the Hungarian accounting system and IFRS, with a special focus on valuation principles and methods.
The study presents IFRS 1, IAS 1 and IAS 12 and the effects of the transition to IFRS on the financial statements. Of the two companies examined, the changeover resulted in only minimal changes for Budapest Fund Management Ltd., while Fundamenta-Lakáskassza Kft. experienced more significant changes, particularly in the accounting for securities and deferred taxes. The research concludes that IFRS-compliant reporting provides more detailed and transparent information to market participants. However, the transition to IFRS can impose a significant administrative and financial burden on companies, especially smaller companies. The author suggests further convergence of the Hungarian accounting system towards IFRS, taking into account cost-benefit ratios.