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A new record of the threatened Anacamptodon splachnoides (Froel. ex Brid.) Brid. from the Bükk Mts. (NE Hungary)
202-205Views:120A new locality of the moss species Anacamptodon splachnoides (Froel. ex Brid.) Brid. was discovered in a Turkey oak-dominated forest stand in the Bükk Mts. (near Varbó village, North Hungarian Montains). A small population of this threatened bryophyte was found in a wet root-hole of a living Quercus cerris L. tree.
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New occurrence of Myricaria germanica in a Hungarian gravel pit
60–63Views:166This paper reports the second Hungarian synanthropic occurrence of the rare Myricaria germanica. One flowering individual was found in a gravel pit near Hejőpapi (NE Hungary). The closest known population of the species is 60 km far from newly found locality. This occurrence indicates effectivness of anemochory. It seems, that abandoned gravel pits may be potential habitats of this threataned shub species.
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Conservational status of Grimmia plagiopodia Hedw. in Hungary
133-140Views:83Three new localities of the protected and endangered moss species, Grimmia plagiopodia Hedw., were discovered in 2017 in the southern part of Börzsöny Mts (North Hungarian Mountains) at Nagymaros and Kismaros villages. The authors have re-evaluated the threat-status of the species applying the most recent IUCN Red List categories and criteria. According to this, G. plagiopodia can still get the endangered (EN) status in Hungary.
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Floristic data from the central part of the floristic region ‘Crisicum’ (E Hungary)
317–357Views:228This paper reports new floristic data of 207 taxa. Data collected between 2005 and 2015; originated from the central part of the floristic region ‘Crisicum’ (i.e. the E part of the Great Hungarian Plain), which is a currently poorly studied area of Hungary from a floristic point of view. The paper reports occurrence localities for some rarities such as Asplenium trichomanes, Marsilea quadrifolia, Sisymbrium polymorphum, Viola stagnina, Gentiana pneumonanthe, Elymus elongatus, Montia fontana subsp. chondrosperma, Ranunculus rionii, Ranunculus illyricus, Myagrum perfoliatum, Sedum caespitosum, Vicia biennis, Dorycnium herbaceum, Oenanthe banatica, Peucedanum cervaria, Echium italicum, Digitalis lanata, Valerianella rimosa, Craex buekii, Cephalaria transsylvanica, Cyperus pannonicus.
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Seed dispersal and habitat preference of the endangered Lesser White-fronted Goose (Anser erythropus L.) and larger goose species in the Hortobágy National Park
136-147Views:127Several studies found that waterfowl are important endozoochorous dispersal vectors for plant species. Germination of the seed content of their droppings provides valuable information on their diet and also on their role in seed dispersal. Our aim was to analyse the seed dispersal potential of the critically endangered habitat-specialist Lesser White-fronted Goose (Anser erythropus) in their autumn and spring staging areas in Hortobágy National Park. The study was supported by the LIFE10-NAT/GR/000638 project. We also studied the seed dispersal potential of larger generalist goose species foraging in the same areas, such as Greater White-Fronted Goose (Anser albifrons Scopoli) and Greylag Goose (Anser anser L.). We asked the following questions: (i) Which habitat types are the most frequently used by Lesser White-fronted Goose and larger goose species? (ii) Is the different habitat preference of Lesser White-fronted Goose and larger goose species reflected in the seed content of their droppings? (iii) Are there seasonal differences between the seed content of spring and autumn droppings? We identified the most frequently used feeding habitats. We collected 40 droppings of Lesser White-fronted Goose and larger goose species per site in April and October 2012, in total we collected 720 droppings per species. Droppings were concentrated and spread on trays filled with sterilised potting soil. Samples were germinated in a greenhouse from April to November 2013. In total we germinated 21 plant species from the goose droppings, which suggests that goose species play an important role in seed dispersal. We found that Lesser White-fronted Goose dispersed more species typical to alkali habitats, and fewer weeds compared to larger goose species. Lesser White-fronted Goose and larger goose species used a wide range of feeding habitats, thus, they play an important role in dispersing seeds between habitats along a moisture gradient. Total species number and species number of plant functional groups were higher in autumn droppings. Seed content of the droppings suggests that Lesser White-fronted Goose is confined to natural habitats, thus for the effective protection of this critically endangered species it is crucial to preserve its natural feeding habitats.
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Rediscovery of Orchis mascula subsp. signifera (Vest) Soó in the Keszthely Mts (Transdanubia, Hungary)
51–54Views:120Orchis mascula subsp. signifera is a rare, legally protected and endangered species of the Hungarian flora. Currently it is recorded from 25 flora mapping grid cell in Hungary. The westernmost Hungarian occurrence of the species was documented by a voucher collected by Dénes Gotthárd in 1976. After four decades the occurrence of O. mascula in the Keszthely Mts was confirmed in 2015. The local habitat preference and major threats to the taxon are briefly discussed.
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Data to the flora and vegetation of Hungary I.
89-104Views:64The present study reports the occurrence data of 54 vascular plant taxa, collected at various localities in Hungary during floristic, vegetation and ecological field surveys between 2000 and 2013. In some cases, phytosociological relevés were prepared to characterize the local coenological properties of the species. Many of these species are included in the „Red list of the vascular flora of Hungary” (e.g. Carthamus lanatus, Sedum caespitosum, Spiranthes spiralis and Trifolium micranthum). Some of them (e.g. Apium repens, Dianthus diutinus, Epipactis bugacensis and Ranunculus psilostachys) are rarities in the whole country. Our findings suggest that conservationists should focus not only on the maintenance of semi-natural habitats but also on the investigation of secondary habitats (e.g. river embankments, temporary pools on arable fields) in order to maintain the total species diversity of the landscape.
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Reseda inodora Rchb. in the Tiszántúl region (East Hungary)
48-54Views:130On 14 August 2012 a small population of Reseda inodora was found in Hegyes-halom kurgan within the administrative boundaries of the town of Mindszent (Csongrád County, CEU: 9487.3). The approximately 50–100-stem-large population of the species lived on the edge of the kurgan, on the sparsely vegetated, weedy fieldmargin. On 19 July 2014 this species has turned up again in this area. In this case it was the biggest amount with some hundred stems and was located on the edge of the mound, which is in the verge of the neighbouring corn field. The Reseda inodora is a new recent protected vascular plant species within the operation area of the Körös–Maros National Park. We propose this species to be included in the regional red list in the category of „CR” (Critically endangered). Other rare weed or pioneer species (Caucalis platycarpos subsp. muricata and subsp. platycarpos, Erodium ciconium, Lappula squarrosa, Melica transsilvanica, Papaver hybridum) have already been found in Hegyes-halom kurgan in the last few years. The results show the importance of kurgans not only in the conservation of natural steppe, loess wall vegetation and steppe shrub species, but in the survival of some endangered weed species as well (e.g. some rare archaeophytes).
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The Wildflower of the Year campaign in Hungary
349-353Views:80The paper summarizes the previous history and recent purposes of the ‘Wildflower of the Year’ initiation, established in 2011. The main aim of this initiation is the promotion and familiarization of Hungarian flora, applying a public awareness campaign about the beauty, importance and ecological value of our spectacular wild plants. The ’Wildflower of the Year’ is selected by voting on internet (www.evvadviraga.hu). Starting from this volume the journal Kitaibelia publishes a monograph about the wildflower of the previous year.
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Asplenium ceterach s.str. and Polystichum aculeatum on the ruins of the copy of Eger Castle, in the Pilis Mts
93-94Views:189In the company of a single individual of Asplenium trichomanes L., several individuals of Asplenium ruta-muraria (L.) Hoffm. and a single individual of Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott, 15 individuals of Asplenium ceterach L. (s.str.), and a single individual of Polystichum aculeatum (L.) Roth were found on a NW facing mortared sandstone wall of the copy of Eger Castle in the Pilis Mts. Asplenium ceterach s.str. is new to the flora of the Pilis Mts. The source population of this stand is probably located in the Buda Mts (Remete gorge) and this fern may have appeared on this wall 5–10 years ago at the latest.
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Multiclavula mucida (Basidiomycota) and other cryptogamic taxa in the Hungarian flora
173–184Views:163The paper deals with the species found during cryptogamic flora mapping in 2023 that are remarkable from a floristic, taxonomic or conservational point of view. We present data from the Bükk Mts of two Trapeliopsis species which appear to be rare in Hungary. Multiclavula mucida, which is apparently a rare basidiomycete lichen species in Europe that prefers humid, montane habitats was discovered in the Mecsek Mts as a new species for the Hungarian flora. Of the knothole moss, Anacamptodon splachnoides, which is now thought to be entomophilic, we communicate the only extant population from Southern Transdanubia. We report the first occurrence of the atlantic-mediterranean Leptodon smithii from the Hungarian side of the Great Hungarian Plain. Numerous data of the corticole Neckera pennata indicate that in Hungary the distributional centre of this species is situated in the county of Baranya in the lowlands. New data from the Bükk Mts underline that in the Pannonian region Buxbaumia viridis is primarily a terricole species of acidophilous beech forests. We communicate the first occurrence from the lowlands of the alien lignicolous Sematophyllum adnatum which is dangerously spreading in Europe, at the same time one of the most vigorous populations in the Pannonian region. The third Hungarian occurrence of Callicladium haldanianum, a species that seems to spread in bogs, as well as the second occurrence of Racomitrium lanuginosum, growing abundantly on an andesite boulder scree in Mátra Mts, are also reported here. Of Phegopteris connectilis we present in photographic documentation the first extant population from Southern Transdanubia, and we discuss whether the first publication from Mecsek Mts is correct or exact. In addition to listing the floristic data, we also briefly discuss the (mis)use of distribution data in the context of climate change, the difficulties of distinguishing the microtaxa of some pteridophytes, e.g. Asplenium adiantum-nigrum agg. and Dryopteris affinis agg., and we correct one of our previously published, erroneous Hedwigia stellata data. Some interesting data of other taxa (such as Leucobryum glaucum, Palustriella commutata, Tetraphis pellucida, Gymnocarpium robertianum, Ophioglossum vulgatum) are also mentioned in the paper.
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Data to the flora of Hungary I.
254-259Views:50The paper gives new floristic data from several regions of Hungary. Some of them are recent evidences of old data (e.g. Herniaria incana in Pomáz), others are new occurrences of recently expanding alien species (e.g. Eleusine indica, Geranium purpureum, Typha laxmannii), casual species (e.g. Lobularia maritima, Nepeta racemosa) or legally protected taxa (e.g. Agrostemma githago, Ornithogalum brevistylum, Ranunculus illyricus, Sonchus palustris).
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Botrychium lunaria in the Mecsek Mts
91-92Views:202A single individual of Botrychium lunaria (L.) Sw. was found in a shady dolomite rocky grassland above the city of Pécs in the Mecsek Mts., on 1 June 2020. The habitat of this fern, which is new to the flora of the Mecsek Mts., is presented by a phytosociological relevé.
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A new montane bryophyte species from the Mátra Mts, Hungary: Hymenoloma crispulum
11-18Views:193Due to the geomorphological situation and climatic conditions of Hungary, true montane climate is restricted to very few and small areas of higher elevation, with the highest peak (Mt Kékes, 1014 m) in the Mátra Mountains (North Central Hungary). During a bryofloristical survey in this region, a few cushions of a Boreo-arctic montane bryophyte species, Hymenoloma crispulum (Hedw.) Ochyra (syn.: Dicranoweisia crispula (Hedw.) Milde), was discovered at the steep northern slope of Mt. Kékes in an andesite boulder scree with cool and humid microclimate. H. crispulum is new to the Hungarian bryoflora and fits in well with other co-occurring vascular and cryptogamic taxa of northern-montane affinities. The population is very small and vulnerable, therefore it should be rated 'critically endangered' (CR) in an updated national red list.
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Contributions to the flora of kurgans in the Middle Tisza region
94–105Views:491Kurgans are ancient burial mounds built by nomadic steppic cultures. Embedded in the heavily transformed landscapes of the Carpathian Basin they often serve as last refuges for rare and endangered plant species. In our paper we publish floristic data collected on 82 kurgans located in the area of the Hortobágy National Park Directorate. Our dataset covers 64 CEU quarter quadrates, and the territory of 45 settlements. We provide data on 39 taxa that are either protected (e.g. Anchusa barrelieri, Centaurea solstitialis, Ranunculus illyricus and Phlomis tuberosa) or regionally rare (e.g. Aegilops cylindrica, Astragalus austriacus, Glaucium corniculatum and Trifolium diffusum). Our records demonstrate that kurgans have a vital role in maintaining the populations of rare and endangered grassland species even in transformed landscapes.
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Data to the flora of Sopron Hills and its foreground
239-242Views:71The present study reports additional records to the flora of Sopron Hills and Sopron Basin. The records were collected during our field surveys between 2010 and 2014 and contain occurrence data of 19 vascular plant taxa. The genus Orobanche is represented by 5 species. Two taxa are new for the flora of Sopron Hills (Amaranthus blitoides, Orobanche teucrii), others are interesting because of their old or uncertain indication (e.g. Dianthus superbus, Myosotis sparsiflora, Orobanche lutea, Orobanche purpurea).
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The Himantoglossum adriaticum Baumann in the East-Zala hills (W Hungary)
297–303Views:71This paper presents five new localities of the rare and threatened orchid Himantoglossum adriaticum in Zala county. The new localities falls within the known distribution area of the species. The population size on newly found locations are extremely small, in most cases only 1 generative individual were observed in the mesophilic secondary grasslands of abandoned vineyards. Highly possible, that this species shows a slow, but detectable expansion in Hungary, maybe due to recent climate change process.
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The Sea milkwort (Glaux maritima) in the Carpathian Basin
10-20Views:290Sea milkwort (Glaux maritima L.) is a broadly distributed species in the northern hemisphere, inhabiting primarily maritime habitats from the arctic to the temperate zones. It is also found inland in semi-arid and arid regions with saline soils. Its status in the Carpathian Basin has become very uncertain owing to the lack of known extant populations. To evaluate its current status, I review all known occurrences within the Carpathian Basin where this species has been recorded or collected, and report five new localities of the species in Hungary, all in the western part of the Great Hungarian Plain. I also analyze habitat relationships of the species using traditional phytosociological relevés. Review of species distribution data in the Carpathian Basin revealed that sea milkwort has undergone severe reduction in population number and disappeared from many localities. Currently, only a few populations can be found in this region: the Northern Carpathians in Slovakia and the western part of the Great Plain in Hungary. In Transylvania (Romania), only a single population has been reported recently suggesting the critical status of the species there. Features of the habitats confirm the halophytic nature of the species and its fidelity to wet saline meadows. Its common accompanying species are mostly broadly distributed, salt-tolerant plants. Heterogeneity of the samples in species composition suggests that sea milkwort is not a habitat-specialist species. Several of its common associates in Hungary are also found in sea milkwort habitats in Mongolia, Asia and Utah, North America. Based on the available evidence, sea milkwort shall be considered a severely threatened plant in the Carpathian Basin. Characteristics of the vegetation in its habitats do not explain its occurrence in mountainous environments.
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Vulpia bromoides and Luzula multiflora in the Dráva Plain (S Hungary)
234-235Views:1623Vital populations of Vulpia bromoides (L.) S. F. Gray and Luzula multiflora Kirsch. were found between Vajszló and Páprád villages (S Hungary) in 25 May 2022. The populations grew in a mesic forest clearing in the territory of “Bükkhát forest”. These species are new for the flora of the Drava Plain. The habitat is demonstrated by a phytosociological relevé.
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The Wildflower of the Year 2016 in Hungary: snake's head fritillary (Fritillaria meleagris)
79–100Views:761In this paper a short review of the nomenclature and etymology, taxonomy, morphology, histology, life cycle, phenology, reproduction, habitat preference, biotic interactions, biologically active compounds, micropropagation, applications possibilities and conservation status of snake's head fritillary (Fritillaria meleagris L.) can be found. Refining of the European distribution area and contributions to the distribution in Hungary are also presented. Primer seed-set, thousand-seed weight, soil charac¬teristic and demographic data are published.
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Contribution to the bryoflora of Sopron Hills (W Hungary) II.
59-66Views:97Based on data collected during their field survey in 2009–2014, the authors present the results of bryofloristical investigations carried out in the Hungarian part of Sopron Hills. The authors have detected altogether 22 species previously unreported from the territory. These are: Diplophyllum albicans, Scapania lingulata, Scapania scandica, Bryoerythrophyllum recurvirostrum, Ctenidium molluscum, Didymodon vinealis, Ditrichum cylindricum, Ditrichum pusillum, Fissidens dubius, Fissidens exilis, Homalothecium sericeum, Leucobryum juniperoideum, Neckera crispa, Orthotrichum lyellii, Orthotrichum obtusifolium, Orthotrichum pallens, Orthotrichum patens, Orthotrichum stramineum, Orthotrichum striatum, Rhodobryum ontariense, Thamnobryum alopecurum, Tortella tortuosa, Tortula virescens. Diplophyllum albicans and Mnium thomsonii have their only extant occurrences in Hungary in the region.
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Distribution of Pseudoleskea saviana (De Not.) Latzel in Hungary
272–285Views:123Three new localities of the moss species Pseudoleskea saviana (De Not.) Latzel were discovered in the Börzsöny Mts in the administrative district of Perőcsény village, North Hungarian Mountains (Nagy-Hideg-hegy, near Hangyás-bérc, in the col between Csóványos and Magosfa). Small populations were found on shaded andesitic boulders in mixed deciduous forests. Up to the present, only old collections of the species were known from a single locality in the Mátra Mts; therefore, the red list status was data deficient. The morphological distinction of P. saviana from P. incurvata, its closely related congener also reported from Hungary is not always exempt from difficulties. However, the presence (P. saviana) or absence (P. incurvata) of a central strand in the stems, the shape of mid-leaf cells (P. saviana: more elongated, 3–4 times as long as wide; P. incurvata: at most twice as long as wide), as well as the shape of the outer basal cells (P. saviana: quadrate or shortly rectangular; P. incurvata: transversely elongated) seem to be reliable distinctive features.
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Bryofloristical study in the Brunszvik manor park in Martonvásár, Hungary
198–206Views:137This is the first bryofloristic study in the Martonvásár manor park. In our survey in 2015, 56 species (6 liverworts and 50 mosses) were found in the park. Most of them are considered to be common in Hungary, but an endangered (Eurhynchium speciosum), a vulnerable (Orthotrichum patens) and five near-threatened species (Aphanorrhegma patens, Orthotrichum obtusifolium, Orthotrichum pumilum, Pseudocrossidium revolutum, Riccia cavernosa) were also found. These results point out the nature conservation value of the manor park.
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Data to the distribution and nature conservation of Sorbus bakonyensis
229-233Views:1277Sorbus bakonyensis (Jáv.) Jáv. (syn. S. majeri Barabits) is an apomictic species with a very narrow distribution range in the Bakony Mts (Hungary). Its previous occurrence data were published only from Kopasz Mt. (~Kápolna Hill, Csordás valley) above the village Márkó. It was possible to slightly expand the known area of the species to the East and to the West (Kis-Bükk Mt) of Kopasz Mt. with a detailed mapping. Due to the number of known individuals (six mature trees and a variable number of seedlings) and its small distribution range (~2 km2) the species is critically endangered. Regarding its small population, the high number of big game (wild boar, red deer) and the more and more frequent drought periods are significant risk factors. In situ preservation of the species is still a realistic goal, but ex situ propagation in tree nurseries and reintroduction to the suitable habitats of the mapped area (clearings, forest edges) are also justified.
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Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Saut. ex Rchb.) Soó: an unexpected record in the Romanian flora
15-24Views:80Dactylorhiza Necker ex Nevski is a complex genus. The taxonomy of these dactylorchids is widely considered to be complicated due to relatively high morphological variability within species and high frequency of hybridization between species. During a floristic survey of the Valea Morii (Morii Valley, Malomvölgy) Nature Reserve in June 2017, a population of Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Saut. ex. Rchb.) Soó, a species with uncertain presence in the Romanian flora was found. In the Morii Valley, this narrow-leaved marsh-orchid was encountered in fen-patches, in phytocoenoses of the plant association Orchido-Schoenetum nigricantis Oberd. 1957. Due to the cool and wet microclimate of the Morii Valley, many glacial relicts and other plant rarities (e.g. Tofieldia calyculata (L.) Wahlenb., Swertia perennis (L.), Liparis loeselii (L.) Rich., Ophioglossum vulgatum L. Schoenus nigricans L.) had been able to survive on strongly humid places on calcareous soils. This study reports the first occurrence of D. traunsteineri in Romania confirming the presence of a highly debated taxon. We also discuss the morphological features, habitat preference and conservation status of this new species in the Romanian Flora.