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• Exploring livelihood strategies of herder households in Mongolia: income-based approach

  ganchimeg gombodorj

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  537

  The classification of livelihood strategies is important for identifying different lifestyles and developing poverty reduction measures. The research was aimed to identify Mongolian herder households’ livelihood strategies and assess capital factors that impact their choice and livelihood outcomes in connection with wealth and poverty. A total of 350 herder households were surveyed using the stratified sampling methods from four different economic regions. The Income-Based Approach was applied to identify herder households’ livelihood strategies based on their primary income sources and Pearson correlation was used for assessing the influencing input. The study hypothesizes that herder households earn the majority of income sources from animal husbandry and an essential factor in the choice of livelihood strategy is the number of animals. The study found that livelihood strategies of nomadic herder households clustered into four main types: а) livestock income sources, solely b) earn from kinship and assistant herder salary in addition to livestock income; с) social benefits and pension income in addition to livestock income and d) income sources dependent on natural resources in addition to livestock income. Location, financial capital, and physical capital were the main factors for choosing a specific livelihood strategy. There was an insignificant difference between poor and wealthy herder households in terms of physical assets ownership. To reduce rural poverty, we need tailored sustainable development policies based on different herder households’ livelihood strategies.

  JEL code: Q01, Q12, I30, D19, D31

• THE PLACE OF AGRICULTURE IN YOUNG PEOPLE'S LIVELIHOOD ASPIRATIONS

  Aragaw Sergo

  Abeje Berhanu

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  0

  This study examines the dynamics of youth livelihood choices and aspirations in agriculture, focusing on how combined socio-economic, individual, and household characteristics in Bure Zuria Woreda, a rural community in West Gojjam, Northwest Ethiopia, influence youths' future-oriented livelihood decision-making. In the study, we employed a sample survey of 232 randomly selected young farmers, purposively selected 12 focus group discussions (FGD), 12 in-depth interviews (IDI), and 16 key informant interviews (KII). Using both individual and household data, we conducted a multi-stage analysis to understand the impacts of socioeconomic factors on youth livelihood choices. The study used a mixed method to triangulate the qualitative and quantitative analysis, specifically descriptive statistics and a multinomial logistic regression model along with thematic analysis for qualitative data.  We contextualize young people in agriculture by exploring how changing access to land, educational levels, gender, the conditions of agriculture, the economic viability of the agricultural sector, and the perceptions of the status of agriculture influence livelihood decision-making. The result shows that youth livelihood choices and aspirations in agriculture are affected by socio-demographic factors at the individual, household, and societal levels. Farming land size, educational level, gender, the conditions of agriculture in the locality, the economic viability of agriculture, and nearby family career preferences were found among the factors that determine the aspirations and livelihood of young people in agriculture. Therefore, targeted interventions are essential to improve youth livelihood options in agriculture. 

• MARKET CONCENTRATION AND DEMAND FOR ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES IN MAJOR MOTOR PARKS WITHIN IBADAN METROPOLIS, OYO STATE, NIGERIA

  Fatai Sowunmi

  Ayobami Stephen AKINMULEYA AKINMULEYA

  Views:

  416

  The value addition to alcoholic beverages through packaging in small nylon and increase in the introduction of new brands has led to its high demand and many Nigerians earning their means of livelihood through the sales. The study showed that the average consumption per day was 6.1 sachets per week. The study revealed that 28.6% of the consumers’ monthly income was spent on alcoholic beverages per month. Seaman brand had the highest market share (73.4%); this was followed by Chelsea (66.2%). The study affirmed that 62.9% of the consumers based their choice on high alcoholic content while 3.1% claimed the choice was based on the medicinal (cures pile) value. Also, Captain Jack had the highest market concentration (0.35). The age of respondents, marital status, household size, and the quantity consumed per week were the factors that influenced consumers’ monthly expenditure on alcoholic beverages. It is recommended that efforts should be made by the government to reduce the rate of consumption of alcoholic beverages at the motor parks by enforcing the existing (FRSC Act cap 141 Laws of the Federation of Nigeria) law banning/regulating the sales or increasing tax on the brands to make it out of reach for most consumers.