Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce (APSTRACT): An internationally recognized journal of business and commerce ISSN : 1789-221X, electronic version: ISSN 1789-7874. The purpose of the journal is to ensure publishing the research results and help the information exchange between researchers (Ph.D. students) and practical professionals.

Only submissions by one of the authors will be accepted. The submitting author will take responsibility for the paper during submission and peer review. If due to a technical reason submission through the publishing procedure, the submitting author can contact kovacs.krisztian@econ.unideb.hu for support.

Terms of Submission
Papers must be submitted on the understanding that they have not been published elsewhere (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, or thesis) and are not currently under consideration by another journal. The submitting author is responsible for ensuring that the article’s publication has been approved by all the other co-authors.
Once that has been confirmed, an additional checklist must be verified by the submitter before it is ready to be considered by APSRACT.

Peer Review
All submissions are subject to peer review and are expected to meet standards of academic excellence. Submissions will initially be considered by an associate editor and, where appropriate, passed to the peer-reviewers. Their identities will remain anonymous and to ensure a blind review please do not indicate any authors name or any other personal identifier in your manuscript. But write it in your e-mail when you submit it.

Open access
APSTRACT is an open access journal. This allows publishers to make the published material available for free to all interested online visitors. The articles are downloadable here in the website or from the AgEcon Search.

Sending the submission
First you have to send you manuscript to Dr. Krisztian Kovacs (kovacs.krisztian@econ.unideb.hu) to register yourself as an author. You can send your manuscript any time of the year, because we will publish it in time and topic order. However before the indicated deadline we will publish it in a shorter time.
Please provide your principal e-mail address during the registration, because the editorial process is done through e-mail.
Manuscripts must be submitted by one of the authors through the online submission system (vie e-mail). At the beginning of the process you need to supply the co-authors, the title, the abstract and the keywords of the manuscript.

Units of Measurement
Units of measurement should be presented simply and concisely using System International (SI) units.

Equations
When you insert an equation, align it to center. Number them starting from (1)

Download our Style and Forms requirements here in PDF.

INSTRUCTION TO AUTHORS

The manuscript itself should be sent as a single file. Please send only A4 sized Word (.doc, .docx) files. Use single line spacing and 11 pt Times New Roman font throughout. Do not use underline style. E-mail addresses should be in italics. The suggested length of the paper is 10-15 pages but should not exceed 20 pages (approximately 20 000 characters).

Headings and structure

General rules of formatting a paper and preparing a list of references are consistent with the recommendations of the American Psychological Association (APA 2001) and the APA Style Guide to Electronic References (2007). Manuscripts should be headed with the title of the paper in capitals, the first and family name(s) of author(s) in bold, with the corresponding institute name and e-mail address where the research was carried out in italics.

TITLE OF THE PAPER

First name(s) and surname of corresponding author¹, – first name(s) and surname of other author(s)²

¹Name and address of institute regarding to the corresponding author

¹ E-mail address of corresponding author

 ² Name of institute of other authors

² E-mail address of other author

Include an abstract immediately after the title. An abstract provides readers with a quick overview. The abstract should include the research topic or research questions, participants, methods, results, and conclusions. It is also includes possible implications of the research and future work connected with the findings. The abstract should be a single, double-spaced paragraph with no indentation. The abstract section should be between 200 and 300 words. The abstract should give a clear idea of the main conclusions of the article, the methods employed, as well as an indication of the reasoning behind the research and a concise summary of its key points.

Keyword: Provide a maximum of five key words below the abstract. Listing the keywords will help researchers find the authors’ work in databases.

JEL code: Please classify the article and write the JEL code in the article after the keyword (for example: JEL code: Z23). For more information about the JEL classification system and a list, see the following website: https://www.aeaweb.org/econlit/jelCodes.php?view=jel

All articles will be held to the same set of scholarly standards. Articles should be written in English and should not exceed 20 pages, including abstract, tables, figures, and graphs. Shorter articles will also be considered. Font size 11, with margins; top 2.5 cm, bottom 2.5 cm, left 2.5 cm and right 2.5 cm on A/4 sheets. Manuscripts should be divided into sections, each with numbers and section headings. Do not use more than two levels of heading.

Manuscripts should be divided into the following sections:

• ABSTRACT
• KEYWORDS
• JEL CODE
• INTRODUCTION
• MATERIALS AND METHODS
• RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
• (ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS)
• REFERENCES

Background information to the article, such as the sponsoring bodies of the research project, should appear in the footnotes, but references should be placed at the end of the manuscript. Publishers do not recommend footnotes and endnotes as they are expensive to reproduce; if necessary, footnotes should appear at the end of the page on which they are inserted.

Tables and figures

Label each table with an Arabic numeral (Table 1, Table 2, and so on) and provide a clear title. Tables should be quoted in the text and placed in their position in the manuscript. Keep tables as simple as possible. The author can use both colour and grayscale images in the manuscript. Tables spreading across double pages are difficult to read and to typeset. The proposed format for table headings is: Table (number): Title of table (note if any). The table heading should be located above the table. Row and column headings should only have the initial letter capitalized. Below the table, give its source as a note.

Figures should be numbered consecutively, quoted in the text and placed in their position in the manuscript. Camera-ready copies of line drawings and photos should be submitted (separately as well). The proposed format for headings of figures, including graphs, charts, drawings, and photographs is: Figure (number): Title of figure (note if any). The figure title and tables should appear below the figure. Discuss the most significant features of each figure in the text. Mathematical formulas should also be placed in the text. When an equation is inserted, align it to the centre. Equations should be numbered, starting from (1).

Units should conform to the International System of Units (SI). Although the amount of explanation and data included depends upon the study, do not give formulas for common statistics (i.e. mean, t-test) and do not repeat descriptive statistics in the text if they are represented in a table or figure. When including statistics in the written text, be sure to include enough information for the reader to understand the study.

References and citations

List only pertinent references. No more than 3 references should be needed to support a specific concept. Research papers and reviews should cite a reasonable number of references. Abstracts and articles from non-peer-reviewed magazines and proceedings should be cited sparingly.

In-text citation of a publication by a single author should be made with a signal phrase that includes the last name of the author followed by the year of publication in parentheses (NÁBRÁDI, 2009). When citing a publication with two authors, include both family names in the signal phrase each time you cite the work
(NÁBRÁDI and HEIJMAN 2009). A work with three or more authors is identified with the family name of the first author followed by et al. and the year of publication (NÁBRÁDI et al. 2009). If the author is a government agency or other organization, name the organization the first time you cite it with an acronym in parentheses and use the acronym in the signal phrase, followed by the year of publication in parentheses (FAO, 2009). When your parenthetical citation names two or more works, put them in the same order that they appear in the reference list, separated by semicolons (NÁBRÁDI, 2009; NÁBRÁDI et al. 2008). When possible, cite an electronic document in the same way as any other document, using the name of the author followed by the year of publication.

In the references section, references are listed al­phabetically by author(s)’ last name(s), and then chrono­logically. The year of publication follows the authors’ names. As with text citations, two or more publications by the same author or set of authors in the same year should be differentiated by adding lowercase letters after the date. The dates for papers with the same first author which would be abbreviated in the text as et al., should also be differentiated by letters, even though the second and subsequent authors differ. All authors’ names must appear in the reference section.

For journal articles, include all authors (do not use “et al.”), year, article title (lowercased except for the first word and proper nouns), abbreviated journal name, volume, page range, and digital object identifier (DOI). Inclusive page numbers (or article identifiers) must be provided, and DOI should be given whenever possible, with the prefix “http://dx.doi.org/”.

For book references, include authors, year, chapter or section title, page range, book title, edition, book editors (if applicable), and publisher name and location.

For conference proceedings, include authors, year, ab­stract title, page number or abstract number, proceed­ings title, location of meeting, and name and location of proceedings publisher.

For websites, provide authors (or organization name), year, page title, date accessed (in month, day, year for­mat), and URL.

For theses, provide author, year, title, thesis type (PhD, MS, DVM), department name, and university name and location.

Sample references are given below:

Journal article

• Bowen SA. (2005): A practical model for ethical decision making in issue management and public relations, Journal of Public Relations Research 2005; 17(3): 191-216.
• Harrington R. J., Ottenbacher M. C., (2008): Contradictions of traditions and change in German winemaking: an exploratory study, International Journal of Wine Business Research, Vol. 20 Iss 3 pp. 276 – 293 Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17511060810901073
• Székely C, Pálinkás P. (2009): Agricultural Risk Management in the European Union and in the USA. Studies in Agricultural Economics. 2009; 109: 55-72. http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/bitstream/49193/2/No.%20109_4.pdf Approached May 2014.

Book

• Colson JH, Armour WJ. (1986): Sports injuries and their treatment. 2nd rev ed. London: S Paul, 1986 ISBN: 978-3-16-148410-0
• Weinstein L, Swartz MN. (1974): Pathologic properties of invading microorganisms. In: Sodeman WA Jr, Sodeman WA, editors. Pathologic physiology: mechanisms of disease. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1974:457-72.

Conference paper

• Harley NH. (1985): Comparing radon daughter dosi-metric and risk models. In: Gammage RB, Kaye SV, editors. Indoor aid and human health. Proceedings of the Seventh Life Sciences Symposium; 1984 Oct 29-31; Knoxville (TN). Chelsea (MI): Lewis, 1985:69-78.

ETHICS AND MALPRACTICE STATEMENT

Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce (APSTRACT): is an electronic peer reviewed international journal committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics. In order to provide our readers with a journal of the highest quality we declare our commitment to the principles outlined in this Publication Ethics and Malpractice Statement.

All articles not in accordance with these standards will be removed from the publication if malpractice is discovered at any time, even after publication. APSTRACT checks all papers in a double-blind peer review process. The Journal also checks for plagiarism and research fabrication (invention of research data); falsification (manipulation of existing research data, tables, or images) and improper use of humans or animals in research. In accordance with the code of conduct the Journal will report any cases of suspected plagiarism or duplicate publishing.

The Journal reserves the right to use plagiarism detecting software (iThenticate Plagiarism Software-CrossCheck) to screen submitted papers at all times. Submissions are compared against several databases.

Only submissions by one of the authors will be accepted. The submitting author will take responsibility for the paper during submission and peer review. The submitting author can contact Kovacs.Krisztian@econ.unideb.hu for support.

Authors must ensure that they have written original works. In addition they must ensure that the manuscript has not been published elsewhere. Any work or passages written by other authors, contributors, or sources should be appropriately credited and referenced. Authors are also responsible for language editing before submitting the article. Authors submitting their works to the journal for publication as original articles confirm that the submitted works represent their authors’ contributions and have not been copied or plagiarized in whole or in part from other works without clearly citing. Any work or passages written by other authors, contributors, or sources (including online sites) should be appropriately credited and referenced. All authors should disclose financial or any other conflict(s) of interest that might influence the results or interpretation of their manuscript (financial support for the project should be disclosed). When an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in his/her own published work, it is the author’s obligation to promptly notify the journal editor and cooperate with the editor to retract or correct the paper. An author agrees to the license agreement before submitting the article. All articles must be submitted using the online submission procedure. Submitting a paper simultaneously to more than one publication at a time is a breach of publication ethics.

Editors must ensure a fair double-blind peer-review of the articles submitted for publication. They will strive to prevent any potential conflict of interests between the author and editorial and review personnel. Editors will also ensure that all information relating to submitted manuscripts is kept confidential before publishing. The Editor-in-Chief will coordinate the work of the editors.

Reviewers evaluate manuscripts based on content without regard to the ethnic origin, gender, sexual orientation, citizenship, religious belief or political philosophy of the authors. They must ensure that all information related to submitted manuscripts is kept confidential and must report to the Editor-in-Chief if they are aware of any copyright infringement and/or plagiarism on the part of the author. They must evaluate the submitted works objectively as well as present their opinions on the works in a clear way in the review form. A reviewer who feels unqualified to review the research reported in a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the Editor-in-Chief and excuse him/herself from the review process.

Supplementary files

The authors will be informed by e-mail if there is any action required in relation their submission.

When a submission has been accepted, a copy will be returned to the author for copy-editing, and so that the edited version can be read through and any major changes can be made to the article before publication. The authors must send back their final version within 1-2 weeks.

Once the PDF documents have been created, the author will be asked to proofread them before publication. This is the last chance the author will have to make any changes to their article before publication. The author must send back their proofreading corrections within 2-4 days.

Submission Preparation Checklist

As part of the submission process, authors are required to check their submission’s compliance with all of the following items, and submissions may be returned to authors that do not adhere to these guidelines:

1. The submission has not been previously published, nor is it currently under consideration by another journal (or an explanation has been provided in Comments to the Editor).
2. The submission file is in Microsoft Word (DOC, DOCX) format.
3. The text adheres to the stylistic and bibliographic requirements outlined in the Author Guidelines.

Privacy Statement

The names and email addresses entered in this journal site will be used exclusively for the stated purposes of this journal and will not be made available for any other purpose or to any other party.

Download our Policy, Aims and Scope here in PDF.

Download our Style and Forms Requirements here in PDF.

Download our Ethics and Malpractice here in PDF.