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Quality of Life of Patients with Arrhythmia
32-42Views:298Introduction: Quality of life must be perceived in two levels - objective and subjective. Heart arrhythmia is a disease of the cardiovascular system that, by its subjective and objective symptoms, can affect the individual's life physically, mentally, and also socially. It can limit a person in his or her everyday activities or in activities that make them happy or satisfied.
Objectives: The aim of the research was to map the quality of life of patients with arrhythmia and to verify whether the duration of arrhythmia has an effect on the quality of life of patients with arrhythmia.
Methods: A standardized ASTA (Arrhythmia - Specific Questionnaire in Tachycardia and Arrhythmias) questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data. The research group consisted of adult patients diagnosed with hearth arrhythmia, hospitalized at the Department of Cardiology of the Ceske Budejovice Hospital (Nemocnice České Budějovice a.s.). A total of 127 valid questionnaires were used for data processing.
Results: The research revealed that the most common symptom of arrhythmia in 58% cases was rapid heartbeat, irregular heartbeat, and a sense of heart failure. Most respondents agreed with the claim that heart rhythm disorder makes it impossible for them to perform work, study, and perform daily life activities. No statistically significant differences were found in the evaluation of the influence of the arrhythmia duration on the patients' quality of life.
Conclusions: Arrhythmia duration in the selected sample does not affect the overall health status and quality of life measured by the ASTA series questionnaires. Arrhythmia restricts the patient to perform work tasks, study, and perform daily life activities. -
Changes in the main dimensions of quality of life in Nyíregyháza
20-64Views:348The Quality-of-Life Research Group of the University of Debrecen Faculty of Health Sciences has been examining various dimensions of the quality of life of the residents of Nyíregyháza through regular data surveys since 2008. The results from the most recent study completed in 2023/2024 focused on indicators that fundamentally determine the quality of life - economic activity and employment, income situation and income inequalities, housing conditions, social problems and support systems. This approach was taken because the research group interprets the quality of life as a complex concept and considers these indicators to be decisive from a sociological perspective.
Even though the proportion of the employees is very high in the city, significant differences were found based upon education and the perception of working conditions. Employment is a determined factor in income and while the average income has increased in recent years, the values of income inequality indicators also show an increase.
There has been improvement in housing both in quantity and quality for those living in privately owned apartments. On the other hand, those who do not have sufficient resources to purchase a home, have to face increasing rental prices and a decreasing number of municipal rental apartments. One out of five households have household expense burdened by debt.
Regarding support systems, this research shows that the poor and the less educated have smaller and less resource-rich networks than those of the better-off and more educated. Material and relational exclusion are typically intertwined, which can further exacerbate the negative effects of social exclusion. -
“Brave enough to remove the shell of a chestnut.” The career path of a resilient teacher
85-101Views:436Being successful at school as a Roma student is a crucial sociological question. Roma teachers’ experience is invaluable when seeking to understand and solve problems that students with similar backgrounds have. Resilience is our academic starting point. In PISA who belong to a lower social class but have higher achievements are called resilient students. Educational sociologists say that a person’s life is resilient when it is successful, notwithstanding the disadvantaged social background (Ceglédi 2018). We have analysed Roma teachers with resilient lives and looked for answers to what kind of possibilities and dangers of a resilient life might hide in the pedagogical career. Given a unique target group, we chose snowball sampling. 6 semistructured interviews were made in eastern Hungary in 2019, in which we emphasized the resilience of their life taken, the pedagogic job, and their connection. We did qualitative analysis of the transcripts. The resilient Roma teachers incorporate their life experience into their pedagogic fields and their coping serves as a model for their students.
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Társállatokkal kapcsolatos attitűdök és a mentális egészség összefüggése egy empirikus vizsgálat keretében
32-47Views:322In our study, we examined the relationships between dealing with companion animals and mental health. The aim was to analyze associations of attitudes related to pets with life satisfaction, and symptoms of depression and anxiety. In our online, cross-sectional survey, 297 participants were included (89.5% females, aged between 18 and 85 years), the data were collected in the second half of the year 2023. The attitudes related to pets were measured by using the CENSHARE Pet Attachment Scale which involved eight factors using exploratory factor analysis. The attitudes of attachment and closeness showed a positive relationship with life satisfaction. Time spent with pets and dealing and communicating with them was negatively associated with life satisfaction and well-being, and positively with depression and anxiety. For those who are prone to depression and less satisfied with their life, dealing with pets may serve as a therapy, except for steming from hypocrisy.
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Teachers and facilitators in different teaching spaces
79-94Views:381Nowadays the information society can not imagine its everyday life without the use of the Internet. Keelan and her colleagues determined the benefits that virtual worlds can impact to traditional territories. Virtual spaces can abolish physical-geographic boundaries in cases where research is far apart from the group of people to be examined (Keelan et al. 2015). Whether we are planning to implement the education process in real space or virtual space, explanation and assistance in many cases may be indispensable. Gamage and his research associates differentiated the subjects of their research as to how much they had experienced in the use of virtual spaces. Both groups agreed that the use of platforms was an advantage in learning but they differed in their opinion of the likelihood of emotional connection between teacher and student in the virtual world (Gamage et al. 2011). The activities of teaching assistants can be useful not only in the real learning environment, but also in the virtual learning environment. The facilitator is a person who can work efficiently with both the instructor and the students. The facilitator contributes to the smoothness and effectiveness of teaching processes (Schwarz et al. 2011). In our article, we present and define the preceding, participatory, follow-up and continuous facilitator roles we have outlined. From the facilitator's point of view and from the traditional learning environment we get to the exact parameters of the role that is necessarily emerging in the learning environments of virtual spaces.
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Health behavior and mental health among college students at the Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania
26-38Views:462Aim: Our study is a quantitative investigation on the health behaviour and mental health of Sapientia Hungarian University students.
Methods: The self-administered paper based standardized questionnaire contains several scales: the Self Esteem Inventory (RSESH), the Purpose in Life Test (PIL), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS4) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Data of 206 respondents were analysed from the Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania.
Results: Data show that students with lower self-esteem and mental health use more alcohol than students with higher selfesteem. Physical activity seems to be a protective factor against mental illness, the students who practice sport frequently are mentally healthier than those who do not. Mental health of students is largely socially determinated.
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Housing in a slum
76-89Views:368The study analyses the quality of life of the inhabitants of the Roma housing estate through the housing conditions. The housing estate has undergone several changes in the last two years, but the segregation character of the estate has not changed. There is the mobility of residents moving in and out of the settlement, and one-third of the population has moved in from other settlements that have been demolished in the last two years. The exterior and refurbishment of the residential buildings on the site have renewed the housing stock and the residents are now living in comfortable rental accommodation. However, housing poverty persists. Residents live mainly in small and overcrowded flats where children usually share a room with adults. The rising cost of housing maintenance is a serious problem for payment in the settlement. Although the condition of the housing has improved with renovations in the settlement, the increase in overcrowding and housing costs has not brought an increase in the standard of living in terms of housing.
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Situational pictures of settlements
19-31Views:558Within the research into the life quality of Roma people residing in settlements, this study analyzes their housing situation using the available data. Although the Husar and the Eastern settlements are separate ones situated at the most distant ends of the city of Nyíregyháza, they show similarities regarding the number and condition of flats, housing environment and the housing quality of the residents. Housing poverty is palpable in both settlements which can be described with no restoration of buildings or flats for many decades, hazards in the environment and hardly affordable housing costs. This study presents the details and tries to understand the picture behind the data.
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Situational picture of the educational attainment of people living in settlements in Nyíregyháza
55-69Views:316In our study we examine the education of people living in two separate settlements in Nyíregyháza focussing on the type and level of completed school(s) and qualification, what they think of their future studies and getting a qualification so that similarities and differences between the two settlements can be compared. In the analysis, we present data gained in the Husar and Eastern settlements and alsocompare them with data on education from the Quality of Life Research 2018 in Nyíregyháza and the 2016 Micro Census Research by KSH. One-variable and two-variable methods were used to analyze data. Our results show that in terms of education people living in settlements lag far behind the town, county, regional and national data.
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A hátrányos helyzetű tanulók nem-kognitív problémamegoldó készségének fejlődése a tanodában
41-69Views:500In contrast to cognitive skills, non-cognitive skills play a key role in shaping an individual's life course, yet the development of non-cognitive skills attracts insufficient attention. This study explores the contribution of study halls today to address the social disadvantage inherited by students in the area of non-cognitive problem-solving skills. The results of our exploratory study in five study halls in cities with county status in the Northern Great Plain region showed that study halls play a prominent role in mitigating the skills deficits of the mainly upper primary disadvantaged students included in the study. As a result of the developmental work of the study hall, problem-solving skills showed improvements mainly in the reduction of problem sources, in the problem-solving instruments and in the form of problem solving. As a result of the intervention of the study hall, the students' acquired social disadvantages were reduced and their inclusion in school, later in the labour market and in society was reinforced.
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A multi-level approach for the research background of subjective health condition in view of social inequalities
13-25Views:699In Hungary, as well as worldwide, one of the main objects of health sociology research is social inequality, focusing mainly on the inequalities stemming from health conditions. The main question is where and how these inequalities appear and evolve during the whole life-history, and how they sustain. In modern societies these differences clearly appear in the markers of health conditions like subjective well-being. The rate of inequalities are defined by essential sociocultural and sociodemographic variables like residual environment, geographical location, age or gender. A very important attribute of social research is to examine these phenomena on different stages and from various aspects. In my study I investigate these stages and aspects using the relevant theoretical literature.
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Trends and best-known results of research on Gypsy/Roma communities in Hungary
5-32Views:949Gypsy communities have been known in Hungarian majority society for half a millennium. However, sources are poor and only provide information on a few aspects of their lives. Some scholars have attempted to define this sporadic, small group of people when their numbers have increased significantly. In the second half of the 20th century, archivists and ethnographers began to investigate their origins, their common history, the origin of their names, and the specific characteristics that shape their way of life, language, culture and beliefs. Their findings have led to their being defined as a minority, but they are now estimated to number between 10 and 12 million in Europe. There are naïve researchers and advocates of Gypsy/Roma history who believe that the glories of the past and the persecutions of the past are to be found, but in scientific research, the view is becoming increasingly accepted that the communities of the past centuries in Europe and Hungary, known by their collective name of Gypsy/Roma, cannot be described as homogeneous, undifferentiated entities, either historically, ethnographically or sociologically. Throughout history, Roma/Gypsy people and communities have not been made Roma/Gypsy by the same criteria, and therefore they must be understood primarily in terms of their social situation, so that their integration can be made possible and the national and EU programmes of schooling, compulsory employment and the dismantling of Roma settlements can open up real paths to social advancement.
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Situational picture of the employment of Roma people residing in settlements in Nyíregyháza
32-44Views:572In our study we present the employment situation of people residing in the Husar and Eastern settlements which can be found in Nyíregyháza. This study is focussing on one aspect from the many dimensions examined by the research into the life quality of Roma people residing in settlements. As expected, our results revealed that the residents of these settlements are at a huge disadvantage in employment. The extent of employment is mainly influenced by low education, the high number of children and their attitude towards working. According to our results, 70% of the respondents have been unemployed before and 49.8% of them are unemployed at the moment.
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Korai kötődést befolyásoló tényezők az asthmás krónikus beteg gyermeket nevelő családokban
134-144Views:307The modern society of the 21st century has to cope with many psychosomatic disorders which have high significance in public health. Several researches pointed out that one of the most determinant aspects in connection with asthma bronchiale is the mother-child relation. The aim of this study was to detect what is the predisposing role of early childhood attachment factors. 130 children with asthma bronchiale between the age of 10 to 18 and their mothers were involved. A socio-demographic questionnaire (to detect the early experiences), the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale (for the children) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (for the parents) were used. Our most important finding is that out of important life events in connection with childhood attachment (especially the breastfeeding and its length) was proven to be a protective factor. Establishing preventive opportunities at institutions are recommended, e.g. setting up educative and preventive groups for chronically ill children and their parents. Attachment in early childhood must be considered to be even more important in the case of chronically ill patients.
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Social Exclusion of Pervitin Users
60-66Views:399The article is based on a qualitative study using narrative interviews with 13 South Bohemian Pervitin users who visit the drug advisory centre. The goal of the article is to describe how social exclusion is subjectively experienced by Pervitin users. The data were processed with the help of grounded theory. The respondents feel to be excluded in a number of normal life areas: they are rejected by their family, friends, and also by public institutions - particularly by the police and by health care facilities. Social exclusion is accompanied by feelings of guilt and remorse for the users. They are also ashamed of their situation, feeling sorrow and disappointed themselves. In some cases, the users are angry with themselves, in other cases with their surroundings for rejecting them. In both variants, exclusion may constitute an important factor in reducing the users' chances of abstinence.
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A tanári pályaújraorientáció motivációs mintázatai a posztpandémiás szakmai tanárképzésben - egy kvalitatív modell bemutatása
153-176Views:91Teacher career choice has become a prominent field of research in educational sciences over the past decade, with increasing attention to motivations related to adult career change. This study examines the choice of the teaching profession from a life-course and reflexive perspective, employing the FIT-Choice model developed by Watt and Richardson (2007) exclusively as a deductive reference framework, while remaining open to the contextual specificities of Hungarian vocational teacher education. The empirical basis of the research consists of N = 187 motivation letters submitted by applicants to the engineering teacher and economics teacher education programmes at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics. The texts were analysed using qualitative methods with the support of Atlas.ti software, applying a combined deductive–inductive coding strategy. The analysis identified six major motivational dimensions, which partially correspond to the theoretical categories of the FIT-Choice model, while also revealing novel, context-specific motives embedded in the Hungarian higher education and societal environment. These findings contribute to a more nuanced understanding of contemporary interpretations of the teaching profession within an increasingly unstable social context.
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Szülői segítségnyújtás az iskolai tanulmányi feladatok teljesítésében – Szülőtípusok a házi feladatok teljesítésébe való bevonódás alapján - I. rész
144-159Views:412In recent years academic researchers have increasingly recognized how important the assistance of parents is concerning children’s home learning activities. Parental involvement has a positive effect on students’ achievements and character. Moreover, in this way parents have the possibility to take a closer look at the life of the school and to form partnerships with the teachers. This paper examines how many kinds of parental models are present in a rural Szekler village concerning parents’ involvement in their children’s homework. I will emphasize that parents have a crucial role in their children’s school achievements. The most common Types of parent are: ,,protective”, ,,hard-working”, ,,partner”, ,,authoritative” and ,,networking”
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A szervezeti értékek a tanyagondnoki szolgáltatásoknál
189-211Views:236The history of Hungarian homesteads in the last two and a half centuries has shown that, despite their ingenuity, the inhabitants of the homesteads had to cope with a lot of obstacles in order to be sustainable. Nowadays, in the fight to make life easier for the struggling residents and to keep the younger generations in place, it is the homestead caretaker who takes up the fight against the unending problems in the framework of the caretaker service as a basic social service. The primary goal of our study was to obtain up-to-date data from caretakers on the operation of caretaker services in Hungary, and secondly, we sought to answer the question of how professionals judge the manifestation of the organizational values of services. Based on the answers received, it could be stated that similar improvements are idealized regardless of the form of maintainer of the respondents (n = 131), and that in order to optimize work performance, service managers should make better efforts to interpret novelties and different opinions.
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Vallásfüggőség
63-79Views:358Vallásfüggőségről beszélni a mai korban egyszerre időszerű és tabuizált téma. A vallás ősidőktől fogva az emberi élet része. A viselkedési addikciók kutatásában talán az egyik legizgalmasabb és legösszetettebb terület a maga negatív és pozitív oldalaival. Azonban, amikor vallásfüggőségről beszélünk ott az egyén diszfunkcionális működése mellett megjelenik az adott vallási csoport diszfunkcionális működése is. A témát igyekszem több oldalról körbejárni, hangsúlyt fektetve a vallás fogalmának és funkcióinak tisztázására, körbe járva annak pozitív és negatív hatásait, illetve bemutatni a fiatalokra gyakorolt terápiás jellegének módszereit is.
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Health state and health education
138-162Views:794In our study, we present the results of a survey, presented among the roma local group living in settlement conditions; concerning their health state, health education and health awareness behaviour. The study explored the quality of life of these disadvantaged groups in several dimensions. According to our results health state and health education need a multilevel intervention, focused on emphasising the preventive functions of the primary health care; in order to gain a long term, positive change among the related social groups.
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Health through the Eyes of the Romani minority
16-22Views:274Aim: The aim of this study was to ascertain the subjective view of the Romani community on their own health, in the context of social integration and the effects of the environment, using the Transcultural Assessment Model.
Methods: The collection of data was conducted via quantitative research using an unstructured questionnaire. The experimental group consisted of 600 members of the Romani minority.
Results: The results showed that health is one of the main values that influence the life of the Romani minority. According to a substantial proportion of respondents, they are regularly concerned with matters of their own health; however, most of them do not attend medical check-ups.
Conclusion: The concept of sickness and health is highly subjective for each person. Moreover, the culture to which an individual belongs is among the factors that influence an understanding of the concept of health. Thus, when providing medical care, one must also get to know a patient’s culture and their subjective view of health or sickness. -
In Hungary, cities close to people and nature have historical roots / Aspects and impressions regarding urban research
5-19Views:199Nowadays, the population is significant, the vast majority of the population of our continent lives in cities or in urban environments. Research into the concept, types and legal privileges of the city intensified in Hungary in the 20th century. Urban characteristics are addressed by several branches of social science, including geography, economics, administration, art, geography, and ethnography. An important challenge for today's urban researchers is the multidisciplinary research of the lifestyle of the population living in the city and its catchment area, as well as the examination of the domestic possibilities of urbanization. The study presents the Hungarian researchers of those historical disciplines who have scientifically explored domestic urban development in their works and contributed to the development of the possibilities of urban development. From the work of various research circles, we can learn about the Hungarian characteristics of the city and its environment, the urbanization of catchment areas, based on which today's settlement and social researchers try to present and forecast the current characteristics and expected tasks of the quality of life. Hungarian urban research is somewhat late compared to international research, which is also due to domestic history. Despite the delay, it proves that in our country, as in most of Europe, the historical roots are not in the construction of megacities, the construction of sky-high skyscrapers concentrated in relatively small areas, but rather in the territorial expansion of cities, the development of urbanization in agglomerations and various settlement forms.
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The engagement of mothers with families in the process of labour migration
131-143Views:340The international literature defines the phenomenon of migration with the intention to work with the help of different theories and paradigms, and looks for the cause and effect relation between them which could explain the different migration waves. Recent researches into migration have shown the features of trans-nationalism and the increased rate of migrant mothers. Due to feminisation of migration, millions of women have become the breadwinners far from their homes in another county, and have also changed the division of labour within the family. The former physically present motherly care has been replaced by distant and material care provided by the mother. In my study, the engagement of mothers in the process of migration is approached in three dimensions: an overview of international literature is followed by regional as well as local research. The analysis of the migration stories from mothers focus on how working abroad appears in their life stories, and what the underlying reasons might have been.
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Educational situation picture of Roma residents living in shantytown conditions in North Great Plain Region
112-137Views:619In our study, we examine what kind of educational qualifications Roma residents living in shantytown conditions in a large city in Hungary have, what their motivation to learn is like and to what extent school dropout is typical among them. We can compare our research results with the national statistical data available only in a limited number, because the analysis of the Hungarian Central Statistical Office’s Microcensus 2016 data revealing ethnicity data is the last database on the subject under examination. The theoretical part of our paper covers the historical presentation of Roma participation in education, the background factors of school failure and dropout. We used univariate and multivariate analysis techniques to evaluate our research data. According to the analysis of the data, the proportion of Roma with vocational qualifications and certificate of baccalaureate among Roma living in the shantytown conditions examined is higher than in the 2016 national survey. Our data confirmed the sociological findings that the primary role of girls in Roma families is to contribute to family life, even at the detriment of learning, since fewer of the girls living in the shantytown continue their education than boys. According to our results, the respondents are aware that higher education is supposed to lead to find better jobs, but the responses reflect bad experiences and one third of the Roma in the shantytown believe that living in the shantytown is a disadvantage when trying to find a job.
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The impact of the support system on people living in segregated areas
131-141Views:217The Quality of Life Panel Research
in Nyíregyháza (2008-2018) has been examining the
changes in allowances. Similarly to the national data, there
is a decrease in household allowance, the allowance for
economically active people, and the number of people getting
allowances. This study examines whether these tendencies
are the same in two segregated areas, the Husar and
Eastern settlements in Nyíregyháza, since here the residents
are in a more disadvantageous position which stems from
their education attainment, housing conditions, employment
and related financial situation. Although the rate of those
who live and get allowance is higher than that of the city
dwellers, despite being entitled to allowances fewer people
have applied for them. In this study we examine the underlying
reasons by analysing our sample through social and
economic characteristics, and along their changing attitude
towards allowances.