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The Relationship Between EHS and the REACH Regulation in Practice
128-133Views:111The European Union has enacted strict safety regulations on the usage of chemical substances. Not long ago the Hungarian Government has also enacted the 1907/2006/EK (REACH) regulation and 1272/2008/EK (CLP) regulation. With the acceptance of the decrees our knowledge and available information about chemicals has expanded, due to the reporting obligation. As a consequence the usage of hazardous chemical compounds will be safer for the people and the environment. With the access to the shared data, we will be able to make appropriate decisions despite lacking previous measurements of our own. My goal is to present the hazardous information profiles form the packages of the REACH and CLP, and their possible applications.
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Digitalization Process by Agricultural Companies, or the Results of a Questionnaire Survey
625-636Views:254The term “information society” first appeared in Japanese social science in the early 1960s (Z. Karvalics, 2007). The interpretation of the concept has undergone significant changes over the past decades, showing that dynamically developing societies, which are undergoing constant changes due to the rapid development of information, information management and the dynamism of the digital world. The close relationship and connection between information and information technology has become a fundamental factor in the societies of today, the organizations life, which generates inevitable, sometimes serious debates and profound changes. Economic operators must necessarily be resilient to technological change. We should think of the time of the Industrial Revolution, when modern weaving machines flooded the factories. Otherwise, a resilient organization will not survive in an evolving and ever-changing dynamic economic environment. Of course, this is true of agriculture as well, just as it is for other sectors of the national economy. On the one hand, my assumption on the basis of which my questionnaire was compiled was that enterprise management systems are increasingly used by enterprises in agriculture due to the diversification of activities. At the same time, I assumed that the size of a business could influence the use of information technology (hereinafter IT), so I hoped that my research would provide reliable data on this as well.
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Requirements for Multicultural Competencies Defined by a Focus Group
44-56Views:201Globalization, the spread of multinational companies and the enormous development of information technology can lead to a new trend in employers’ requirements. However, being employed by an international company is a real possibility for any employee in any part of the world. Even if they do not have to work abroad, employees may have to function in a multinational environment in their home countries. A favourable combination of intercultural competencies is a key factor in the selection and development of employees. A possible way of measuring these competencies can be the Multicultural Personality Questionnaire (MPQ). First of all,on the employers’ part, it is important to clarify the exact requirements and competencies (dimensions) to be able to draw up an ‘ideal profile’. We prepared two versions of the MPQ (91-item; 5-dimensional) and used them to test employers’ requirements in the selection process regarding the dimensions of cultural empathy, open-mindedness, social initiative, emotional stability and flexibility. This study describes the results of a focus group interview, which took place in 2017, revealing the importance of multicultural competencies from the employers’ point of view and examining the conditions of the adaptability of the two questionnaires. We used the focus group method to find out in what conditions the questionnaires canbe used in a selection process. What possibilities and limits are therefor using the direct five-dimensional questionnaire? What aspects do we need to take into consideration in expressing and interpreting the requirements in the results of the test?
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Examination of macro- and micro elements in the artificial bathwater samples
61-69Views:134During our research, micro- and macro element content of synthetically produced bathwater was examined. Previous studies, which were conducted at the Department of Environmental Engineering at the Faculty of Engineering, University of Debrecen, proved that the quality of domestic greywater is greatly varied. This diversity can also be observed in the case of greywaters. The examination of bathwater samples covered the contentanalysis of Al, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr, Zn, Ca, K, Mg, Na, Li elements with the application of MP-AES method. The analysis of greywater’s micro and macro content is essential part in the control of irrigation systems, flushing as well as car washing, because its heavy metal content can have a significant effect on the environment. In this study, we would like to present the concentration values of micro and macro elements of the examined greywater samples. Furthermore, we would like to make a comparison among our result, previously examined greywater samples and drinking water samples, too.
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Economic Analysis of Thermal Insulation Systems
1-5Views:89One of today's most important problem of inadequate energy management. In Hungary, most of the buildings considered to be outdated in the building materials used and taking into account the construction technology. A significant part of the heat energy used for heating purposes before leaving the environment through the building envelope elements used in time. In our study we investigate whether an average house how much energy you can save the facade walls with insulation.
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Operating a Webshop in Rural Areas
242-251Views:203The importance of e-commerce in Hungary is unquestionable. 66% of the population is regular internet users (I3), every fourth person uses it on a daily basis. Online sales have increased from 137 billion HUF in 2010 to 427 billion HUF in 2016, while offline sales were not able to reach this growth (I1). Undoubtedly, online sale has become a very valuable market. The age group really valuable as consumers spends about 6 hours a day online, out of which 3 hours are active usage (I2). The Internet is also the most important source of information and keeping in contact, as 41% of the population uses it method. The availability of the Internet in Hungary is literally independent of the geographic location, thanks to the Digital Renewal Action Plan in Hungary's current strategy, as one of its main chapters is "Enhanced and Secure Infrastructure for All." (Botos 2013) plan. There are many unfavorable processes in Hungary's rural areas. Of these, emigration and the abandonment of the local economy are outstanding. To stop these processes, the "National Rural Strategy" (2012-2020) was created. Its most important areas are employment growth, balanced and diverse land and forest management, production structure, restoration of local food production and food markets, local energy production, strengthening the local communities, improvement of population patterns and conservation of natural systems and the biodiversity. The integration of rural economies into the on-line marketplace and their linkage to different DBEs not only vertically but horizontally can be one of the keys to their survival and development. The situation of businesses on the on-line marketplace in the countryside is very special. On the one hand, they are more favourable in many aspects of their operation, but in some cases they have disadvantages that fundamentally threaten their survival. The purpose of this article is to get to know this environment, map its benefits and drawbacks. For this, we use the results of in-depth interviews conducted with businesses operating on an on-line market in rural settlements.
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Examination of road sections in Debrecen by noise mapping
287-295Views:82During the research, noise level calculations were performed for 13 numbered roads in and around Debrecen and a noise map analysis was conducted on the roads’ environment. The first examined year was 1995, the last was 2017. In the time interval, annual status was determined based on average daily traffic data. In addition to the road noise values calculated for each section, a noise map was prepared for each survey year. For the evaluation of the results a difference map of the highlighted periods was prepared. Typically, noise level increase from road sources was identified between 1995 and 2017 in a significant part of the studied area (southern and eastern parts of Debrecen and around the newly built roads). Stagnant noise level was diagnosed near the downtown of Debrecen and around the main road No. 4, furthermore in some places noise reduction was caused by the development of the road network (between Debrecen-Józsa and Hajdúböszörmény, between Debrecen and Látókép around road No, 33, and along roads No. 4808 and No. 4814) .
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Inbound and Outbound Tourism in China: A Perspective Article
91-107Views:284The tourism industry in China has undergone significant changes due to globalization, technology, and changing consumer preferences. This perspective article, based on a systematic literature review, examines examines trends, challenges, and opportunities in inbound and outbound tourism in China, focusing on the industry's dynamism. Both inbound and outbound tourism have been negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has prompted new strategies and environmental adaptations. China has changed its priorities within the country to encourage domestic travel and support local firms. The rise in internationalisation and the growing middle class in China have led to an unprecedented rise in outbound travel. Chinese travellers are affecting travel habits and spending all around the world in the tourism sector. Language barriers, cultural differences, and safety concerns are some of the challenges that come with travelling abroad. To reach its full potential, China needs to adapt to the shifting global environment and take into account the specifications and preferences of both inbound and outgoing tourists.
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Geometry Around Us - Development of the Skills for Students in the Secondary Education
112-121Views:88In the framework of the project EFOP-3.6.1-16-2016-00022 00022 „Debrecen Venture Catapult Program”t workshops are held in secondary schools in order to show for the students that the precise knowledge about the mathematical backgrounds is an important part of the engineers works. We give lot of examples in our environment for appearing of quadratic surfaces; for instance in architecture, in mechanical engineering life (gear– wheels, twist drills,…etc.).The development of geometrical spatial ability happen by the help of using 3D animations, moreover we investigate the changing of the shape of surfaces by mathematical shoftwares. We are going to built hyperboloid of one sheet and hyperbolic paraboloid.
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Menedzsment módszerek az Ipar 4.0 tükrében
507-514Views:653The fourth industrial revolution poses major challenges for organisations in terms of technological aspects and from a management point of view, too. Good (effective) management is vital as it can help overcome the difficulties arising from shortages of skilled labour and from cost-cutting pressures, and it can help improve efficiency of resources. Innovations require management methods that support the introduction of industry 4.0. In my review of the literature, I aim to find out how the current level of sophistication in this new field can help managers of SME to better embrace change. Based on the reviewed literature, from management point of view, organisational structure, leadership style and HR practices are key to creating an atmosphere conducive to learning and innovation. In terms of structure, researchers do not suggest one thing to apply, but emphasise that industry 4.0 is characterised by an unstable, changing environment, so it is worth developing a structure that is characterised by decentralisation, few rules, horizontal communication and collaborative teamwork, i.e. much more organic than mechanical. In terms of different leadership styles, it is the transformational leadership that is the most often mentioned, however, in case of industry 4.0, we need even more because it can have various limitations. Even before industry 4.0, literature has highlighted that the recommended leadership style can be defined as the combination of transformational and transactional leadership; research in industry 4.0 in recent years also emphasises that it is the expanded construction of a knowledge-driven leadership style that blends the two, which can best facilitate innovation and learning. Managers can develop employee skills and improve their learning abilities through a variety of HR practices. So the right structure, leadership style and HR prepare the organisation for industry 4.0 by facilitating learning, improving skills and innovation.
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Fraud in the Financial Sectors
1-17Views:333The competition for social resources encourages economic players to break ethical business rules to gain an economic advantage. Digitized data is making it increasingly difficult to verify their content of reality. The Wirecard scandal and the COVID-19 crisis will transform the environment around us, change our way of thinking about the world, accelerate discussions on the possible control of data produced by digitization tools, and the issue of the widest possible introduction of international accounting. Since the economic crisis of 2007, there has been a general and measurable increase in fraud in public procurements in construction industry, real estate, oil and gas, heavy industry and in mining industry, and in the financial sectors, which some governments of countries are trying to prevent it by using new tax control methods. In the stagnant economies of the economic crisis that is likely to materialize as a result of the COVID-19 epidemic, economic players will share on fewer and fewer orders, and as competition increases, the possibility or compulsion of fraud increases. Crises either begin in the financial sector or it will become one of its victims. Although financial scandals have not shaken confidence in the financial sector in recent decades, but it has violated the generally accepted public opinion that the financial sector is strictly regulated and it is non-fraudulent, non-infected area. International events affecting the financial sector have shown that internal procedures that ensure the lawful operation of a company in financial institutions have not prevented internal abuse because some of the perpetrators came from leaders.Due to the generalizations, the integrity of financial and supervisory organizations not directly involved in financial scandals are also significantly damaged, and trust can only be restored again through joint efforts, legal tightening and appropriate communication of it.
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Management Practices from Christian Point of View
14-30Views:185Globalisation is a complex and worldwide process overarching historical times and continents. However the phenomenon brought efficiency and new opportunities to companies, providing practically free access to raw materials, labour and knowledge, it also caused negative effects like the degradation of the biosphere, greater social and economic inequality especially in the developing countries. There are some companies operating worldwide which have acquired great economic power and influence. and governments have only limited possibilities (if any) to regulate their operation. The expenses of profit maximisation are high, which are often ‘paid’ by the socialnatural environment (as externalities) and/or by humans. The aim of our study is to overview how current business relations could be formed to be more „human friendly”. The research is done from a Christian philosophy point of view, focusing on the employees as the major stakeholder group of the comanies. As part of the study some practical examples and Hungarian organisations related to this topic are introduced in order to highlight the relevance of the topic.
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Increasing the Life of Mulching Tools
414-421Views:127Areas after mining or calamity are not amenable to immediate afforestation and require some adjustment. After removal of wood biomass, the rest of the residue is scattered throughout the area. To modify them, Several methods can be used to remove it. The optimal conditions for the planting environment and the subsequent adaptation process of the planting can be achieved by its mechanical, biological, chemical treatment. The basic prerequisite for a successful renewal of forests is their release from undesirable increases, in some cases from foams (trees) from mining waste. The area is also released when forest nurseries, seed plantations, etc. are established. The main purpose of the release of surfaces is to achieve the maximum throughput of the area for the machines to be moved. They wear during work. Wearing is a permanently undesirable change in the surface due to the interaction of functional surfaces or functional surface and wear medium. A tool that does not have any editing can go into a state where it can no longer be used anymore. An experiment was carried out in which 9 new teeth were placed on the rotor of the crusher and their wear patterns were observed. The article shows the progress of tool wear over time.
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Frank Lloyd Wright and the Imperial Hotel in Tokyo
129-135Views:86Frank Lloyd Wright is one of the most prominent architects of the first half of the twentieth century. Wright's architecture was given a name organic, also known as organic architecture, which means the effort to harmonize the buildings and the surrounding natural environment. During his life he designed a lot of buildings, but perhaps one of the most important buildings which received the biggest negative and positive response is the Imperial Hotel in Tokyo.
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Efficient removal of salts from the residual dross of aluminium melting
259-269Views:119A residual dross of high quantity and high salt content arises from the hot (thermo-mechanical) treatment of the primary dross generated by the production of aluminium alloys from scrap. It contains a relatively low concentration of metal (5 – 10 %) but a high amount (30 - %) of chloride salts and some other components beside the oxide matrix. Due to the components dissolved in or reacted with water, this industrial residue - arising in thousands of tons also in Hungary – qualifies as hazardous and causes a real burden to the environment. According to the laboratory experiments aimed at an economical technology, the chlorides are dissolved within a few minutes when a liquid/solid ratio of 1:1 cm3/g (water volume:sample mass) is assured with an intensity of the horizontal shaking to prevent sedimentation. However, the filling ratio of the vessel also appears to have an effect. An implementation of relatively low cost would allow the recycling of the salt and the application of the final residue for alternative purposes.
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Transaction Costs: A Conceptual Framework
131-139Views:883Transaction Costs (TC) is a very important topic, especially in a changing work environment which has a large number of operational firms, and increasing business growth. The aim of this paper is to shed light on the transaction costs concept, and provide a conceptual framework to understand the meaning of transaction costs. Publications including articles and research papers have explained the notion of transaction costs and the theoretical issues related to them. The literature review reveals that, transaction costs are costs which arise because of the of a company‘s activities in the market , including (fees, commission, taxes) which are paid by the firm to provide a service or produce a good either to external parties or as internal costs. Therefore, according to the literature review. It emerges that firms must make a comparison between internal and external transaction costs and choose the lowest cost which enables them to increase profits. This means companies have to reduce transaction costs to the minimum level to achieve more profits and competitive advantage.
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The Importance of Continuous Organizational Project Risk Management and the Value of Project Management Certificates in the Customers’ Eyes
51-68Views:219In an increasingly complex and volatile business environment, organizational project risk management plays a critical role in determining the chances of project success. Project management has become a common tool in the hands of large organizations for executing development and improving their production cycles in a more carefully planned way. However, the future is often hard to predict, and unexpected events may occur which could have been avoided with the use of the right tools and mindset. This comprehensive research study aims to showcase the importance of continuous risk management in organizations and highlight how risk management contributes to successful project outcomes. By synthesizing information from 59 high-quality publications from Scopus and Web of Science, the research describes various risk mitigation methodologies used across diverse fields, and explores potential obstacles faced by project managers when executing risk management strategies. The primary research of the study builds upon a survey conducted with 181 experienced project managers across various industries to gain deeper insights into their risk management approaches and the constraints they may encounter. Additionally, the study seeks to analyse the value of obtaining project management certificates in relationship with led projects’ length and budget. Employing SPSS, the research presents descriptive statistics, regression, and correlation calculations to further analyse the data gathered. The aim of the research is to draw attention to the significance of continuous risk management, propose effective methodologies, identify and mitigate potential challenges, and shed light on the potential benefits of having certifications in the field of project management. This study aims to present valuable knowledge for both researchers and organizations striving to better understand the field of project risk management strategies through the systematic literature review and quantitative research results presented.
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Talent Management in International Practice Through the Example of Europe and China
454-464Views:264The reason behind is that they have their own principles, strategic goals and industrial environment that they have to manage on daily bases. The current labour and talent shortage across Europe forces local companies to supply their demand of manpower from foreign countries – encouraged by the ’four freedoms’ of the EU. In consequence of the globalisation, we have to keep in mind that running a talent management system has its challenges. For instance, employees with different cultural background might have unconventional needs. Due to the cultural, demographical and economical differencies, we must know the structure of our labour force to use the most beneficial tools to induct, motivate or retain our human resource. The aim of this research is to analyze Europe’s and China’s talent management systems to reveal similarities and differencies between them and pick the most notable ones. From the point of comparison, analysing China would be important for European countries to discover further possibilities, as nowadays China has one of the most dynamically developing economy with enormous population behind. The primary result of the research is that deficiency of talent is irrespective of the size of the population and it causes difficulty in both European and Chinese fields, therefore it proves to be a real and general challenge needing attention at organizational level. Furthermore, identifying regional patterns considering peculiarities, the framework of talent management systems can be defined and be found summarised in the article.
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Vehicle Dynamics Simulation in Matlab/Simulink Environment
36-41Views:250In the following we are researching different methods of vehicle dynamics simulations. Starting from a simple two-wheeled vehicle model, we are showing ways to simulate the movement of vehicles with real suspensions on any surfaces. MATLAB, Simulink and Simscape provide very suitable resources for the above mentioned purposes. The benefits of such vehicle model become obvious because of the fact during the physics simulation we can access all the data we need to simulate any control algorithms for vehicles: in this article we are presenting a simple ABS control simulation.
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Vehicle dynamics modelling of an electric driven race car
106-114Views:125In the following we are presenting a vehicle dynamics simulation program developed in MATLAB environment. The program is capable of calculating the dynamics functions of a vehicle from its technical data. The program has been successfully applied for the optimization of the technical data of an electric driven race car that was designed and constructed at the Department of Mechanical Engineering of the University of Debrecen.
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Demand and Supply in the Talent Market
142-149Views:234In Hungary, the emergence of a talent market for organizations is due to the growing demand for talented workers. The talent's definition, the exploration of the factors affecting the talent market's demand and his supply are necessary to the overview. With the emergence of the talent market, we will also carry out an important analysis of the changes in the labor market in Hungary as well as the shortage of labor shortages. In the labor market today, different generations are present, who have different expectations for their employer and work environment. The lack of skilled workers is attempted by organizations with different methods. One of these is the ability of companies to become a talent-magnet, resulting in a higher number of employees in their area of activity. In areas where labor shortages are high, more and more attention is paid to automating processes. During the research, I worked on the related literature and studies to determine the factors influencing the talent market.
