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University of the Third Age at the Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, the University of South Bohemia
45-46Views:83The goal of the paper is to present almost 30 years of activities of the University of the Third Age at the Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, the history of which started in 1992.
The first discipline called Care of Humans and their Health was opened by the University of South Bohemia in the academic year 1992/93. The elderly were offered an educational six-term health and social program, while three hours of direct lessons and two counseling sessions a week (“senior Thursday) were subsidized. The students had to sit for unmarked and marked examinations, and to process and defend a thesis at the end of their study. In July 1995, 28 graduates were awarded a certificate on an extramural education in a festive ceremony. The implementation of the discipline of Care of Humans and their Health confirmed that even a non—professional leisure-time education could be provided at an “academic” level. A comprehensive view of education enabled to identify areas that should be taken into consideration during the education of elderly adults. They include areas relating to computer and functional literacy, cultivation of leisure time, culture of the interpersonal mutuality, and the human being (looking for the sense of life and higher goals).
In the course of the thirty-year history of the University of the Third Age many activities have developed and the conception has extended. The new educational subject called Man in Health, Disease and Distress was transformed into a two-stage program offering the choice of the length and type of the educational program. The option A represented the choice of an integral and topically closed discipline while the options B and C represented the choice of the educational demandingness and inclusion in the European educational program called SoLiLL: Self-Organized Learning in Later Life. Furthermore, a conception of an extending program called Quality of life in the Old Age and other programs were offered to the elderly living in our region. As a part of the project activities, the elderly were involved in the projects of Phare a Interreg IIIA. The conception of the University of the Third Age at the Faculty of Health and Social Sciences of the University of South Bohemia enables the applicants to complete an integral educational program, lecture blocks/cycles with various topics, and, at the same time, a unique research program called “Golden Path” focused on the Czech-Austrian border area can be completed. The uniqueness of the educational research program is evidenced by two translated monographs called “Wallern und Wallerer (Volary a Volarští - Volary citizens and Volary)“ and „Der Goldene Steig“ (Zlatá stezka – Golden Path) by the indisputably most important expert and researcher of the Golden Path, a historian living in Bavarian Waldkirchen. -
A Review of the AGE Barometer 2023: EU Good Practices and Barriers in the Empowerment of Elderly in the Labour Market - The Case of Hungary
15-24Views:162The 2023 edition of the AGE Barometer was released by the Age Platform Europe, aimed at consolidating data from European statistics and national-level sources and enriched by feedback from 19 European countries, including Hungary. The publication aimed at empowering older people in the labour market and promoting sustainable and high-quality working lives for them. The Barometer revealed that the European Union (EU) is far from reaching its 78% employment target for adults aged 20 to 64 with its current state of just 62.3%. This could be due to various barriers to the integration of older people in the labour market, which include inadequate supportive policies, ageism, and unfavourable workplace conditions. Conversely, these are broadly stated in the context of the EU; hence, a deeper analysis of these results, with a special focus on the case of a single country, such as Hungary, is relevant to establish a clearer understanding of the national and local framework of these findings and in determining facilitating policies and programmes as well as gaps in promoting elderly inclusion in the labour sector. Using various methods such as critical analysis, desk and literature review, and thematic analysis, this article examined the Barometer report and other relevant publications. The Barometer 2023 effectively provided general issues and actionable areas in supporting older people in the labour market, combating ageism, and ensuring an age-friendly work environment in the EU landscape. Moreover, it revealed that Hungary performed better in employing older persons compared to the EU average, likely associated with a favourable environment for older workers through its legal protection systems, financial incentives, equal treatment policy, and initiatives such as pensioner cooperatives and information technology education. However, this still falls below the target, and based on the analysis and review of existing relevant publications, this could be associated with some unfavourable policies, gender disparities, a continuous rise in the ageing population, an increased number of migrant workers, technology challenges, ageism, political mayhems, cultural and traditional constraints, and other challenges that continue to threaten the marketability of older people, thereby resulting in consequences for their financial, physical, social, psychological, and environmental wellbeing. Moreover, the report also stated few good practices in promoting elderly employment in the county, contrary to numerous efforts implemented by both the Hungarian government, non-government organisations, and other institutions, which remained unrecognised, perhaps due to limited data availability and gaps in the reporting schemes. Finally, the Barometer 2023 report was realized to be included and used as a part of the technical working papers of the European Economic and Social Committee, being the EU advisory body that deals on the issues and opinions regarding this matter. The latest edition of the Barometer has the potential to spark positive changes among policymakers and decision-makers in acknowledging the economic potential of the elderly and in eliminating barriers that hinder elderly integration in the labour market. In the case of Hungary, substantial policies, programmes, and welfare services exist that facilitate elderly employment; however, challenges were also identified, hence the precise recommendations provided in the Barometer report must transform into reality, taking into consideration the unique national, local, and cultural peculiarities of Hungary and its local communities. It is also suggested that systematic data collection and good practice documentation must be facilitated in Hungary, and feedback from the other 18 countries in the Barometer report must be thoroughly reviewed or benchmarked for possible inspiration and replication. Lastly, the potentials of the Barometer 2023 to be used at all levels of decision-making must be maximized.
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„Learning my age” Improving interactive curriculum for the eldery generation’s active lifestyle and related topics
116-118Views:120Approaching the learning of the third age, the question is no longer whether the elderly can be taught or retrained, but for how long and for what purpose? Deviations from the learning paths that individuals have developed over the decades are unlikely in old age. Non-formal learning becomes more important and plays an increasing role, and less constrained forms of leisure learning for entertainment become more important. Mental freshness is largely supported by books, online courses and programs provided by senior universities.
In my presentation, I introduce an interactive curriculum as a possible new form of learning. I have combined e-learning solutions in old age that affect everyone as a new learning method. I would like to introduce the 50+ age group to the possibilities offered by microlearning. Most of us read, learn things after we have engaged at some level. I would like to prevent this step. I am also looking for answers to questions like, does the 50+ age group have the right skills and motivation to effectively adopt an online course or e-learning curriculum In the process of aging - can an e-learning curriculum be a good motivation for course participants because it touches them or prevents them? The lessons of the experiment, both positive and negative, are presented.
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COVID-19, lockdown, elderly. Experiences of the follow up research among active older adults 2020- 2021.
40-42Views:166Introduction, aims:
The COVID-19 pandemic caused invaluable harms on the World during last two years. Among all economic and societal consequences the negative effects for elderly people was also apparent. Researches - among others - focused on the age related inequalities for accessing and using services, economic disadvantages, the decline of psychical, physical and mental conditions, reduced quality of life, increased level of loneliness, stress and depression, such as the increase and new faces of ageism.
This research focused on the individual and organizational consequences of COVID – 19 pandemic and the effects of the state interventions followed by. The target group were identified as active seniors who have leading positions in different local and regional senior’s associations. These people were affected individually as a member of the age group and as an experts with organizational responsibilities as well.Research method:
We chose a qualitative follow up (longitudinal) research method that was committed by semi structured phone interviews, recorded and anonymised. The time of the two data record focused and followed the main Hungarian waves of the pandemic: May – June in 2020 and June – July in 2021. Sample were collected from all districts of Hungary (n=42).Main research topics were:
- The situation of the older adults (experiences about the local older people, daily life, problems, issues, social connections)
- The life in the organization (activities, new initiatives, problems, issues)
- Individual experiences (fears, daily life, social connections, shopping habits, use of ICT, vaccination).Results:
We found significant differences on the personal life situation and the perception of pandemic and related interventions during the two waves. Pandemic situation may influenced these results. The age related “stay at home campaign” made more difficulties for the older people during the first wave, meanwhile related interventions weren’t so strict during the second wave by introducing shopping timeline for older people and night curfew for all in the late nights. Even first wave did not cause such harm like the second one in Hungary.
During the first wave we found older people as a rule following citizens. They followed all the restrictions and regulations strictly. Life situations mainly were determined by the living conditions, that is means the ones who lived in the countryside mainly a house with garden experienced less negative effects than those, who lived in the housing estate area (first wave mainly fall on March – May).
Older people reported increased importance of the local authorities. With the lack of central supporting interventions, local authorities played main role for local support, care and security. If the local government took care of older people they felt safety. Less interventions and coordination made older people insecured.
The second wave made new situations for people. Older adults became one of the first target groups in vaccination and people started to cope with the pandemic.
Older adults became more critical with governmental interventions.
Critics focussed on the
- pandemic related communication, the vaccination (older people mainly got Shinofarm vaccine that was not accepted in the EU at that time),
- difficulties with the availability of health services, and
- they experienced increased economic problems.
The life in the organization: during the first wave we found frozen life of the seniors organization, cancelled and delayed programmes. Some initiatives were also reported. People preferred to keep contact via phone instead of using another ICT tools. Some of the answerer worried about the community life, how they can restart after the pandemic, others preferred the forthcoming chance for personal meetings.
Seniors organisations may play an important role of the senior’s life by organizing free time and social activities, advocacy, and many other aspects of active ageing. As we made a first extract of this research further analyse will focus more on the good examples and new initiatives on the social, community and organizational levels. -
Perceived social support in old age
78-102Views:582Background and aims: In our research, we examined how the degree of perceived social support depends on factors (gender, age, marital status, health, giving up independent living) and how it is related to experiencing aging.
Methods: In our study, we used questionnaires examining social support, attitudes to ageing, life satisfaction, and depression in old age.
Results and discussion: Perceived social support shows a decreasing trend with age, and is lower in the case of singles, those in poor health, and those living in nursing homes. It can be said that all three types of support decreases with age at those living independent, but those living in nursing homes the social support is the lowest in the case of the youngest (65-74 years) and the highest at the of 75-89 years, and the instrumental support over 90 years old. Higher perceived social support results in higher levels of life satisfaction, lower level of depression and more positive experiences of ageing. It is important to note, however, that the support actually provided and the perceived support are not the same.
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Determining the Reasons of Older People for Choosing a Nursing Home: A Comparative Study
53-54Views:85Purpose:
This study was conducted as a descriptive and comparative study to determine why a nursing home was chosen for the elderly.Methods:
The population of the descriptive study consisted of older people living in a community-dwelling or a nursing home in the Central Anatolian Region of Turkey. The sample consisted of 342 elderly individuals who agreed to participate in the study between October and November 2019 (nursing home: n = 79, community-dwelling: n = 263). After obtaining the permission of the ethics committee (no: 2019/04-03), the data were collected by “Questionnaire Form for Individuals Living in Nursing Homes” and “Questionnaires for Individuals Living in Community-Dwelling."
The Chi-square Test analyzed data, and the descriptive characteristics were presented as numbers, percentage, mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum.Results:
The average age of the elderly living in a nursing home was 77.35±7.40 (min: 66, max: 97), and the average age of community-dwelling older people was 70.90±5.57 (min: 65, max: 88). Before coming to the nursing home, 38.0% lived with their spouses, and 35.4% lived alone. 81.7% of community-dwelling older people lived with their families. There was a difference in terms of some sociodemographic variables between both groups. Elderly people staying in nursing home; 26.6% were in the 76-81 age group; 26.6% did not have children; 38.0% had no income; 16.5% had a physical disability; 82.3% used dentures; 13.9% couldn’t do their daily care; 22.8% had low self-confident; 62.0% had sleep problems; 67.1% had no social activity; 35.4% were smokers; 88.6% of them had not visited a nursing home before (p < 0.05).Conclusion:
Compared to the community-dwelling older people, the elderly living in a nursing home were more senior, lonely, had a lower income, had higher physical disabilities, had lower social activity and self-confidence, had more sleep problems, and smoked. -
Comparison of sociodemographic characteristics in nursing home residents and community-dwelling elders
19-29Views:133Purpose: This study aimed to compare the sociodemographic characteristics in nursing home residents and community-dwelling elders.
Methods: This descriptive study consisted of 342 older people between October and November 2019 (nursing home = 79, community-dwelling = 263). The data were collected by “Questionnaire Form for Individuals Living in Nursing Homes” and “Questionnaires for Individuals Living in Community-Dwelling." Comparisons between groups were made with the chi-square test. Descriptive characteristics were presented as numbers, percentage, mean, standard deviation, min. and max. scores.
Results: The average age of the elderly living in a nursing home was 77.35±7.40 (min: 66, max: 97). Before coming to the nursing home, 38.0% lived with their spouses. The average age of community-dwelling older people was 70.90±5.57 (min: 65, max: 88). Of community-dwelling older people, 81.7% lived with their families. There was a significant difference between both groups regarding age, income status, having a child, having a physical disability, using dentures, ability to maintain activities of daily living, self-confidence, sleep problems, social activity, smoking rates, and history of visiting a nursing home (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Compared to the community-dwelling older people, the elderly living in a nursing home were more senior, lonely, had a lower income, had higher physical disabilities, had lower social activity and self-confidence, had more sleep problems, and smoked.
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Everyone has a novel
181-201Views:80From among creative activities, this paper recommends writing for elderly people as ’one novel anybody could write’. At the same time, it is common knowledge that elderly people cannot be treated uniformly as every old person is different: therefore, this activity is probably suitable for just a more limited number. The introduction highlights some of the researches concerning old age. Mention is made of the ever increasing life expectancy and of how many different kinds of age we have (feel-age, look-age, do-age, interest-age). After a short overview of the special literature and literary works about old age, the components of meaningful old age is discussed: the issues of old-age learning, reading and writing. Finally, the paper makes recommendations for elderly people wishing to make records of their thoughts and ideas.
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Competitive attitudes and psychological and somatic health in old age
86-88Views:32For a long time, competition in old age has not been a focus of interest for researchers because none of the psychological theories of aging assumed that the motivation to compete persists in old age. The two most prevalent models, the so-called "Deficit Model" (Cumming & Henry, 1961) and the so-called "Integrated Personality Model" (Erikson, 1963), have previously held that the psychological conditions for competition are not present in old age. In contrast, the concept of successful aging (Baltes, 1990), introduced as a consequence of the steady increase in life expectancy, assumes that goals, aspirations, and desires survive into old age.
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70+ new role in online space
66-72Views:166As a case study, the author uses his own example to show how a new role can bring positive changes in the life of a retired person. In his case, the activity in old age is a family inheritance. His father worked as a proofreader and multi-lingual translator until he died at the age of 83. His grandfather won a competition for modern methods of teaching physics when he was 82.
After retiring as an electrical engineer, at the age of 65, the author became known on the Internet, mainly among young people. Based on his somewhat sad smile he was given the name Hide the pain Harold, the internet users started making funny memes from his photos. Initially, he did not accept his new role, tried to fight it. It took several years to realize that what he could not change, had to be at the forefront of it. At the age of 72, he created a website for his fans. He started working to replace the not always positive message of the memes to carry a positive point of view. The basic idea of his philosophy, that is the smaller or bigger annoyances of life should not be taken too seriously, they should be overcome with a sad smile, resonated among young people. He already has more than half a million followers worldwide. The popularity gained in this way has changed his daily life. Through invitations, he visited many countries around the world from Siberia to South America. His previously more introverted personality became more open to public appearances. Keeping up with the events of the world, new technical possibilities and the way of thinking of young people mean a steady occupation for him. His history is one-off and unrepeatable, but it provides an example of the positive consequences a career change in old age. -
Activity in old age, active and successfull aging
38-61Views:126Background and aims: The aim of our research was a qualitative and quantitative examination of happiness and the meaning of life in old age.
Methods: Questionnaires measuring attitudes to ageing, happiness and the meaning of life, and semi-structured interviews were recorded. In the course of the research, aging-related attitudes, happiness and the meaning of life, as well as semi-structured interviews, were recorded. The interviews were evaluated with content analysis, while the questionnaires were evaluated with statistical analysis.
Results and discussions: The qualitative and quantitative studies complemented each other well and enriched the results of the study. In old age, the same factors that give the most meaning in life are the ones that give the most joy: the existence of family and the relationship with them, activity, leisure activities, and positive human relationships. Based on the questionnaire survey, it appears that those who are characterized by a higher level of the search for meaning prefer to experience their aging as development. Those who are characterized by a higher level of meaning experience tend to experience their aging more as a growth and, at the same time, less as a loss. In old age, activities that are full of meaning and cause a sense of flow are more pleasurable than pleasures and experiences. -
Survey on unvaccinated elderly people during the Covid-19 pandemic. The patterns of sandwich generation and the age transition to old age
2-18Views:238The article focuses on the most important aspects of the first processing of the Hungarian results. The study involved 507 individuals: 117 men, 380 women, 2 individuals identified as ‘other’, and 8 respondents did not want to answer this question. The data processing shows that a large number of non-vaccinated people do not believe that they are at risk of developing COVID-19 virus. 42% of the non-vaccinated are very sure that the vaccine will not work, and 30.6% are afraid that they will become infected because of the vaccine. They do not feel safe after vaccinations and are afraid of the undiscovered consequences, and have more confidence in their natural immunity. 61.8% would not require the vaccine for themselves, nor in the future. 67.3% want to wait to see how vaccines work in other people. During processing, those with a specific anti-vaccinationist attitude could be identified and their profile was drawn. During the analysis, important aspects were identified for the development of effective communication strategies with the unvaccinated elderly. Highlighting the patterns of sandwich generation and the age transition to old age was also important aspect of analysis.
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Experiencing older age depends on conscious decisions: A gerontológia társadalmi aspektusai a XXI. sz. 2. évtizedében Magyarországon
77-82.Views:178The author helps to show the path towards better experience of old age and to maintain health
with small-group sessions focusing on physical – and if needed on mental – health. -
Prelevance of falls in seniors hospitalized on gerontopsychiatric department, their risk factors and possibilities of preventive interventions
34-37Views:122Introduction:
Falls and associated injuries are a serious problem for seniors in the home as well as in the medical environment. The main goal was to approach the issue of falls in the elderly in hospital facilities with regard to gerontopsychiatric issues and psychiatric treatment.
Methodology:
We used a questionnaire to find out the prevalence of falls in the elderly, the use of preventive measures and their effectiveness. The questionnaire had three sections that focused on demographics, medication, fall during hospitalization, a "Simple Screening Tool for Risk Assessment," and questions for nurses about the use of preventative measures. The sample consisted of 113 seniors in the age category over 65 years hospitalized in the psychiatric hospital Hronovce.
Results:
Based on the data obtained, there were no significant differences in the incidence of falls when comparing the age category up to 75 years and over 75 years. We can state that gerontopsychiatric patients are at risk of falling, regardless of their age. Of all participating survey respondents 46.9% fell and 53.1% did not fall during the study period, with 31% of patients falling repeatedly and 15.9% of patients fell once. In the survey sample 100% of respondents were taking psychotropic drugs, 46.9% were taking risk medication - benzodiazepines, and these respondents had a fall at least once during their hospitalization. We found out that the risk of falling is increased by almost half in patients with nocturnal disorientation, sensory disorders and dementia. In the group of respondents (56.7%) who needed help with movement, falls occurred more often than in patients without restricted movement ability, but the differences were not significant. Problems with defecation led to a higher prevalence of falls. Among seniors who fell, there were 14.2% of them who did not have a problem with defecation compared to 32.7% who had a problem with defecation or suffered from incontinence. Nurses used the most frequently some environmental adjustments in 66.4%, increased supervision of high-risk patients in 52.2%, and nurses used multiple interventions in 67.3% of cases as preventive measures against falls in the observed group of patients. Nurses considered as proven interventions: increased supervision of high-risk patients (16.0%), use of compensatory aids when walking (5.0%), suitable footwear, (14.0%), adjustments of the environment (29%) rehabilitation exercises (13.0%), adherence to a drinking regime (7.0%).
Conclusion:
In seniors with mental illness there was a higher incidence of falls regardless of age, the use of psychopharmacological treatment, especially in the form of benzodiazepines, led to a higher incidence of falls. Nursing staff used multiple interventions. The adjustment of the environment and the use of suitable anti-slip footwear proved to be the most effective.
Contact:
doc. PhDr. Ľubica Libová PhD.
Vysoká škola zdravotníctva a sociálnej práce sv. Alžbety,n.o. Bratislava; FZaSP sv. Ladislava, ul. Slovenská 11 940 52 Nové Zámky, Slovenská republika
+421 903169357
lubica.libova@gmail.comPREVALENCIA PÁDOV U SENIOROV HOSPITALIZOVANÝCH NA GERONTOPSYCHIATRICKOM ODDELENÍ, ICH RIZIKOVÉ FAKTORY A MOŽNOSTI PREVENTÍVNYCH INTERVENCIÍ
Kľúčové slová: Pády seniorov. Prevencia. Rizikové faktory.
Úvod:
Pády a s nimi spojené úrazy predstavujú závažný problém u seniorov v domácom ako aj v zdravotníckom prostredí. Hlavným cieľom bolo priblížiť problematiku pádov u seniorov v nemocničných zariadeniach z ohľadom na gerontopsychiatrickú problematiku a psychiatrickú liečbu.
Metodika:
Na zistenie prevalenciu pádov seniorov, používanie preventívnych opatrení a ich efektivitu sme použili protokol. Protokol mal tri časti, ktoré boli zamerané na demografické údaje, medikáciu, pád počas hospitalizácie, „Jednoduchý skríningový nástroj na posúdenie rizika“ a otázky pre sestry o používaní preventívnych opatrení. Výberový súbor tvorilo 113 seniorov vo vekovej kategórii nad 65 rokov hospitalizovaných v psychiatrickej nemocnici Hronovce.
Výsledky:
Na základe získaných údajov pri porovnaní vekovej kategórie do 75 rokov a nad 75 rokov neboli významné rozdiely vo výskyte pádu. Môžeme konštatovať, že gerontopsychiatrickí pacienti sú rizikový pre pád bez ohľadu na svoj vek. Zo všetkých zúčastnených respondentov prieskumu počas sledovaného obdobia spadlo 46,9 % a nespadlo 53,1 %, pričom 31 % pacientov spadlo opakovane, 15,9 % pacientov spadlo raz. V prieskumnej vzorke 100% respondentov užívalo psychofarmaká z nich 46,9% užívalo rizikovú medikáciu - benzodiazepíny a u týchto respondentov sa vyskytol pád počas hospitalizácie najmenej raz. Zistili sme, že riziko pádu sa zvyšuje takmer o polovicu u pacientov s nočnou dezorientáciou, zmyslovými poruchami a demenciou. V skupine respondentov (56,7%), ktorí potrebovali pomoc pri pohybe sa vyskytol pád častejšie ako u pacientov bez obmedzeného pohybu ale rozdiely neboli významné. Problémy s vyprázdňovaním viedli k vyššej miere prevalencie pádov. Spadlo 14,2 % seniorov, ktorí nemali problém s vyprázdňovaním oproti 32,7%, ktorí mali problém s vyprázdňovaním alebo trpeli inkontinenciou. Najčastejšie sestry používali ako preventívne opatrenia voči pádom v skúmanom súbore pacientov úpravu prostredia v 66,4 % , zvýšený dohľad nad rizikovými pacientmi v 52,2 %, viacnásobné intervencie používali v 67,3 % prípadov. Pričom ako osvedčené intervencie považovali sestry: zvýšený dohľad/dozor nad rizikovými pacientmi (16,0 %), používanie kompenzačných pomôcok pri chôdzi (5,0 %), vhodnú obuv, (14,0 %), úpravu prostredia ( 29%) rehabilitačné cvičenie (13,0 %), dodržiavanie pitného režimu (7,0 %).
Záver:
U seniorov s duševným ochorením bol vyšší výskyt pádov bez ohľadu na vek, užívanie psychofarmakologickej liečby najmä vo forme benzodiazepínov viedlo k väčšiemu výskytu pádov. Ošetrujúci personál používal viacnásobné intervencie. Ako najúčinnejšie sa osvedčilo upravenie prostredia a používanie vhodnej protišmykovej obuvi.
Korešpondujúci autor:
doc. PhDr. Ľubica Libová PhD.
Vysoká škola zdravotníctva a sociálnej práce sv. Alžbety,n.o. Bratislava; FZaSP sv. Ladislava, ul. Slovenská 11 940 52 Nové Zámky, Slovenská republika
+421 903169357
lubica.libova@gmail.com
Zber dát prebiehal so súhlasom etickej komisie zdravotníckeho zariadenia a s informovaným súhlasom respondentov. -
P-AGE Tudatos Öregedés Program
120-122Views:42A P-AGE Tudatos Öregedés Program egy nemzetközi stratégiai partnerségi együttműködés keretében alakult 2022-ben, alapítói Knyihár Éva és Török Bettina. A P-AGE Tudatos Öregedés Program víziója és hosszútávú célja helyi szintű Tudatos Öregedés Ökoszisztéma létrehozása, fenntartható, helyi tudatos öregedő közösségek fejlesztése mellett a hazai Tudatos Öregedés Hálózat építése, a tudatos öregedés szemlélet tudományos térbe emelése, szoros együttműködésben az európai/nemzetközi ökoszisztémával.
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Összefoglaló - AGE Platform Europe Policy Statement. Carer’s leave and reconciling work and family life for older workers
36-41Views:128Szerző: AGE Platform Europe 2016. február
Az eredeti állásfoglalás forrása:
https://age-platform.eu/images/.../Carers_leave_and_reconciling_workAz AGE Platform Europe egy nemzetközi n szervezet, mely az Európai Unió döntéshozatali mechanizmusaiban az idősek érdekeit igyekszik képviselni. A Gerontológiai Tudományos és Koordinációs Központ – mely a Debreceni Egyetem Egészségügyi Kar Gerontológiai Tanszékén működik 2011 óta a szervezet teljes jogú tagja. A nyilatkozat a gondozás és a munka összeegyeztetésének nehézségére, valamint a gondozók támogatásának szükségességére hívja fel a tagállamok figyelmét.
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Domestic Violence and its Impact upon Reproductive Health during Corona Virus Pandemic among Women Attending Primary Health Care Centers in Baghdad City - Iraq
9-10Views:126Violence is widespread, affects women of all cultures globally, breeds in silence, it is an important cause of physical, psychological reproductive health problems.
Method:
A cross sectional design was utilized to assess the types domestic violence and it's impacts of upon reproductive health during corona virus pandemic among women attending primary health care centers in Baghdad City - Iraq
A non-probability sample of (150) women who expose to violence was selected during the period from 26th Jun to 18th Mar. 2021. Data was collected by filling out the questionnaire, and the validity and reliability were determined through the pilot study, and descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used in analyzing the data.
Results:
The results of the study revealed that most of the study sample were subjected to hitting (86%) and slapping (83%) during their daily lives, controlling their behavior (90%) and abuse or the use of force during sexual relations (75%), while preventing them from using some social networking sites(84%). According to the R/S, the result was psychosocial violence was high level, and physical and electronic violence was medium level, while sexual violence was low level, The study finding indicated that all study samples suffer from at least one impact of domestic violence on them during childbearing age, but most of the study sample considered psychosocial violence to be the most influential on their lives than others. The study recommends that women will be screened for any type of domestic violence during childbearing age. Incorporating domestic violence topics into education curricula, using social media, the availability of health services, and supporting the strengthening of cooperation between social agencies, justice and the police through law enforcement and research to promote and protect women's rights. -
An exploratory metaphor analysis on the perceptions of nursing students about the concept of aging
30-42Views:179Purpose: The aim of this study was to reveal the perceptions of nursing students about the concept of aging through metaphors.
Methods: The basic qualitative research design was used to evaluate the metaphors of nursing students regarding the concept of aging from their perspectives. The study sample consisted of 104 senior nursing students at Aksaray University in the 2021-2022 academic year. A purposive sampling method was used. "Metaphoric Perceptions Data Collection Form", which was prepared by the researchers in line with the literature, was used as a data collection tool. The form consists of two parts. In the first part, the demographic characteristics of the students were investigated. In the second part, the sentence “Aging is like … because … ” was given to reveal students' metaphors regarding the concept of aging. The metaphors developed by the students regarding the concept of old age were analyzed and interpreted with Metaphor Analysis. Metaphor analysis has been associated with content analysis.
Results: The mean age of the students participating in the study was 21.65±0.99 (min: 20, max: 25). Of students, 68.6% were female, 33.3% lived in city, and 84.3% had nuclear family. About half (50.0%) of their grandparents lived in their house. Of the students, 39.2% thought about living with your parents when you start a family in the future; 52.9% lived with older adults aged 65 and over until now; 92.2% cared for an older patient during clinical practice; and 74.5% wanted to work in a health institution serving the elderly after graduation. Students produced a total of 102 valid metaphors for the concept of aging. Four main themes were obtained from the data. The main themes were aging as an ending story, a need for care, attention, and support, a new beginning, and a source of life.
Conclusion: Nursing students' metaphors about aging are generally negative, but also contain expressions of respect.
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Nordic Arctic cooperation in ageing: Policy analysis of age-inclusive outdoor spaces
23-24Views:39In the last decade, several various policy strategies have been adopted in response to population ageing in the Arctic. Governmental actions have yet to be evaluated in terms of their efficacy. By making an overview of specified policy actions, we define successes and failures on the way to building thriving age-inclusive communities in the Nordic region of the Arctic.
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GreenerAge: Empowering Sustainable Transitions through Adult Education for 55+ people
19-22Views:45The ageing of the global population is fast-moving. In Europe, the projections are that individuals aged 55 and older rise from approximately 35% in 2022 to around 40% of the total population by 2050 (Eurostat, 2020). Climate and sustainable actions should consider their participation and engagement. With accumulated life experiences, maturity, time, and knowledge, older adults can play a pivotal role in advancing a greener future, both at the individual and community levels.
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Satisfaction with the implementation of developmental tasks in the course of life and the sense of well-being in late adulthood
31-33Views:73Introduction
The subject of the sense of psychological well-being in people in late adulthood and its determinants has been of great interest for several dozen years among researchers and broad social groups, including people of senior age.
Aims
The aim of the presented research was to explain the relationship between coping with life challenges, which are developmental tasks culturally assigned to successive periods of adult life, and the sense of well-being in the last period of life. The study also drew attention to the importance of selected socio-demographic variables for the sense of well-being of people in late adulthood, namely gender, age, level of education, family situation and material (financial) condition. In line with the positive psychology approach, these factors were expected to be of limited importance for the sense of well-being.
Methodology
155 people aged over 65 (late adulthood) took part in the study, 53% of whom were men and 47% of women. The author's questionnaire was used to examine satisfaction with the implementation of developmental tasks (Liberska, 2019), the Mental Wellbeing Questionnaire (L.Wojciechowska, 2008) and a questionnaire collecting basic sociodemographic data. The analysis of the research results showed significant relationships between the implementation of developmental tasks and the sense of well-being. Age of the respondents did not differentiate the sense of well-being.
Conclusion
People's sense of well-being in late adulthood is related to coping with developmental tasks in adult life and the current family and economic situation.
1. the results of the statistical analysis did not show statistically significant differences between men and women in the level of psychological well-being: t (152) = -0,63, p = 0,52 (women – M = 87,25, SD = 12,73; men – M = 88,52, SD = 12).
2. people with higher education had a higher level of the general indicator of the sense of well-being than people with secondary (Z=-2.04, p=0.041), vocational (Z=-3.52, p=0.001) and primary education (Z=-3.22, p=0.01)
3. financial status differentiates the sense of well-being of people in late adulthood: people with good economic status have a higher sense of well-being than people with average status (Z = -3.23, p = 0.001) and below average (Z = -2.03; p = 0.043)
4. the results of the statistical analysis showed that people with different marital status differ in the level of mental well-being: married people in late adulthood have a significantly higher level of mental well-being than widowed people (Z=-3.18, p=0.001).
5. among the six dimensions that create mental well-being, the highest value was obtained on the self-acceptance subscale; ANOVA shows significant differences between the subscales of the sense of well-being; F= 7829,05; p< 0,001; η2=0,99).
Generally, this result confirms the importance of self-acceptance for the general psychosocial condition of a person (see Ryff, 1989).
References:
Liberska, H. (2019). Żródła satysfakcji z życia w starości. W: M.Kielar-Turska (red.), Siła umysłu w starości. Starość: jak ją widzi psychologia (s. 537-552). Kraków: Akademia Ignatianum.
Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness Is Everything or Is It? Explorations on the Meaning of Psychological Wellbeing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 1069-1081; http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.1069
Wojciechowska, L. (2008). Style starzenia się a subiektywny dobrostan kobiet w późnej dorosłości, studiujących na uniwersytecie trzeciego wieku. Polskie Forum Psychologiczne, 2, 106- 123. -
Ageism as social pathology in geriatric medicine
31-32Views:33The main trend of modern geriatrics is to maintain a high functional ability, which consists of intrinsic capacity and environment. It is important to attach importance to the impact of the environment, including of its social component, when can promote the development of social pathology, for example loneliness or the consequences of ageism which can significantly reduce the quality of life.
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Growing Ageing Population and European Policies
27-28Views:109Introduction to Social change due to aged population
Increased elderly population in Europe has many factors, it took decades what is happening now. Europe’s low fertility rate, Europe’s migration from developing to developed country, high life expectancy and immigration laws. The developmental strategies of G20 countries are significantly interlinked with the economic and population development policies. The recognition of ageing population is followed by the Japan’s ageing population process which is also mentioned in most of the Eu data on comparison for the ageing population strategies. It is a visible change that social and economic developments causes higher life expectancy and better health in Europe.
The average middle age is increasing, and it is predicted about 4.5 years by 2019 to 2050 it may reach 48.2 years as European middle age. In the most developed parts of the world, elderly population was discussed long ago, and serious steps were taken for global improvements for older people. As the life expectancy increases dependency increases that creates pressure to fulfil the needs of elderly for health, socially, and economically. Increasing number of elderly populations, is actual rise in social, cultural, and economic responsibilities for welfare systems, health care systems and individuals. More elderly people, more reliance needed number of old age homes, elderly rehabilitation centers and Palliative care centers are increased.Population ageing is not a sudden change in population, but it took decades to consider about the population phenomenon. The European social change has major cause of ageing population that may has dark impact to the future perspective. In current situation birth rate is low, mortality rate is also low and life expectancy is high which is creating a lot pressure on the economic growth and to run the economic cycle the labour force is insufficient, health care systems are updating each year since COVID pandemic and system failure was visible in many OECD countries as well in such condition there is a lot more pressure on the women to balance birth ratio at the same time women is considered as “Sandwich Generation” by some of the European researchers, women cares for the both younger and the older generation nowadays.
Such ageing population determinants push the policy makers to design such policies and laws to combat this situation to secure future generations. Some of the EU policies to promote Active ageing and solidarity between generations, Silver Economy project to provide elderly jobs to decrease dependency ratio and Healthy ageing programs are running but still there is long way to show up positive results if migration policies will not be softened at certain points to keep achieving sustainable development goals in Europe.
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Meaning for the years – thoughts about the social and human science gerontology
13-25.Views:207The study consists of a theoretical and a practical part. Relying on the relevant literature and
the practice of the world’s developed countries, the theoretical part outlines the social
problems arising as a result of the increasing life expectancy. At the same time it seeks to find
possibilities of solutions to these problems. It clarifies the notions of ageing and retirement
age, Life Long Learning, and within this, the beneficial health effects of language learning. In
addition, this part of the study introduces useful forms of activities that make sense and have
meaning late in life. The empirical part describes the results of a survey made in Miskolc
before the conference of gerontology in November 2017. -
Carmen - How are we growing old in cyberspace?
25-37Views:105Introduction: Cyberspace is a platform which determines us for many decades. Socialization takes place not only in school, workplace, or family, but also in social media which means that every age group is affected.
Aim: The aim of the paper is to pop up questions in connection with growing old in cyberspace with the help of a work of art of Stromae.
Methodology: The videoclip can be considered as a short content of the critical view of Twitter. In Hungary this platform hasn’t been so popular, however, it is a symbol of social media thus it can be interpreted to the tendencies that can be seen worldwide. The materials of the analysis are the pictorial representations of the videoclip, while the analytical tool is the theory and practice of social representations.
Theoretical background: To analyze the work of art, theories in connection with socialization and social representation are used in order to have a deeper understanding of processes of consumer society while aging. Life events - birthdays, eating out and visiting cinema - are enhanced to see examples of possible individual failures and also the extension of these failures to society.
Conclusion: The visual representation of pop music plays a socially responsible role that affects all age groups. Raising awareness about responsible use of social media should not only be limited to young people in the future but also extended to the elderly as vulnerable social groups of society.