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New Epipactis species in the flora of the Vértes Mts
104-105Views:339Here, I report Epipactis occurrences new to the flora of the Vértes Mts (Transdanubian Mts, north-western Hungary). In 2020, new populations of Epipactis pontica Taubenheim, E. moravica Batoušek and E. pseudopurpurata Mered’a were found in old mesic beech and mixed beech forests.
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Contributions to the flora of Budapest and its surroundings II.
33–50Views:450New and recently confirmed localities of 52 rare taxa (including 26 orchids) are presented from the vicinity of Budapest. Epipactis peitzii is a new species for the Hungarian flora; it has been recorded in the Buda and Pilis Mts. This species and its closest relatives (E. leptochila group) are briefly discussed. Other records are new for the flora of particular regions, specifically: Buda Mts: Corydalis intermedia, Epipactis leptochila, Epipactis muelleri; Pilis Mts: Anacamptis coriophora, Epipactis neglecta, E. tallosii, Valerianella pumila; Visegrád Mts: Epipactis futakii, E. leptochila, E. muelleri, E. neglecta, Ophrys apifera, O. holubyana.
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Contribution to the distribution of Epipactis species in the Keszthely Mts
8-14Views:207In this paper I present occurrence data of Epipactis species in the Keszthely Mts which were collected during the last four years. Ten species had literary or herbarium data from the area previously, all of them has been confirmed (Epipactis atrorubens, E. helleborine, E. leptochila, E. microphylla, E. moravica, E. muelleri, E. palustris, E. purpurata, E. nordeniorum, E. voethii) and another five species (Epipactis albensis, E. neglecta, E. peitzii, E. pontica, E. tallosii) furthermore a hybrid (Epipactis ×reinekei) were found newly on the area.
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Epipactis pseudopurpurata Mered’a, a new orchid species for the Hungarian flora
27–32Views:249A small population of Epipactis pseudopurpurata new to the flora of Hungary was found in the Buda Mts, near Telki village (Pest county). The main diagnostic features of this species are discussed, and a comparison with the allied species, E. purpurata is provided.
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Floristic data from Miskolc and the Bükk Mountains (N Hungary)
267-274Views:201In the paper new floristic data originated form field works between 2009 and 2014 in the Bükk Mountains and in the city of Miskolc, Hungary are reported. Data presented here are mainly from the eastern part of the mountain range, near Miskolc, but there are also some data from the central and northern part of the mountains. The most interesting result is the discovery of a new stand of Epipactis tallosii in the inhabited area of Miskolc-Hejőcsaba, but in the inhabited area of Miskolc Cephalanthera damasonium, Neottia nidus-avis and Allium scorodoprasum was also found. New localities of Callitriche c.f. palustris, Alisma lanceolatum and Berula erecta are provided, which species have not been found in the Bükk recently, while Lactuca perennis, Crepis biennis and Lycopus europaeus was not known in the township of Miskolc so far. New localities of Iris pseudacorus, Iris sibirica, Clematis integrifolia, Carex acutiformis, Thalictrum lucidum, Pseudolysimachion longifolium etc. were found near MiskolcKomlóstető, Epipactis microphylla, Carex acuta, Eqiusetum telmateia, Listera ovata etc. were found near Miskolctapolca, and Epipactis tallosii, Juncus tenuis, Carduus nutans, Berula erecta, Scutellaria galericulata, Myosotis scorpioides and Ranunculus sceleratus were found in the vicinity of Miskolc-Görömböly. It can be concluded that the flora of the surroundings of Miskolc (i.e. Miskolc-Komlóstető, Miskolctapolca and Miskolc-Görömböly) are not yet known sufficiently.
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Floristic data from the Tokaj–Zemplén Mts and the surroundings (NE Hungary)
33–56Views:638In our paper, we publish the most important new floristic data from the region of Tokaj Hills and Zemplén Mountains (incl. Szerencsköz, Hernád-mente, Bodrogköz, Tatkaköz, Harangod) from the last ten years. During this period, we discovered two new protected species (Asplenium javorkaeanum, Epipactis nordeniorum) in the Zemplén Mountains and seven new protected species (Cephalanthera damasonium, Cirsium brachycephalum, Epilobium palustre, Epipactis palustris, Lycopodium clavatum, Pyrola rotundifolia, Polystichum aculeatum) in the Hungarian part of Bodrogköz. We found new locations of several rare species (Epipactis exilis, Dryopteris expansa, Blechnum spicant, Androsace maxima, Orchis coriophora, Orchis purpurea, Dactylorhiza sambucina, Sonchus palustris, Cicuta virosa). We confirmed the occurrence of four species, which have not been detected for decades (Sedum hispanicum, Erysimum wittmannii subsp. pallidiflorum, Pseudolysimachion spurium, Botrychium lunaria).
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Orchids of poplar plantations – a review
102–117Views:726578There are literature data on the occurrence of 26 orchid species and 2 hybrids in economic poplar plantations from 13 European countries. The occurrence of 4 additional species in poplar plantations in 3 countries is proved by sources on the World Wide Web. The most widespread orchids in the poplar plantations are the rhizomatous, partial myco-heterotroph Cephalanthera and Epipactis species. Their importance is enhanced by the fact that most of the known populations of some species with a relatively narrow distribution range (Epipactis bugacensis, E. campeadorii, E. fibri, E. tallosii, E. zaupolensis) are known in poplar plantations. Cultivated poplar monocultures are likely to provide habitat for further orchids in other countries too. Most of the published papers are limited to floristic data from a single or a few plantations. Longer-term observations are only available from Poland, thanks to the work of W. Adamowski, and these suggest that populations may persist for decades and even increase dynamically. The size of orchid populations in some cases can reach thousands or even hundreds of thousands of individuals. Orchids can appear earliest in (4–)7–8 years old plantations. Very little is known about how the cultivation, structure, soil conditions and the poplar cultivars influence the presence of orchids. Mycorrhizal interactions of poplars and orchids may play a key role in this process, but the available knowledge is very limited. Furthermore, little is known about how the economic use of plantations can be reconciled with the long-term maintenance of orchid populations.
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Data on the native vascular plant species of the Pannonian Region II. (6–22)
233–252Views:678In the second part of this article series, which provides data contributing to the knowledge of native plant species of the Pannonian Ecoregion, we address rare species – mostly legally protected in Hungary – belonging to the families Cephaloziaceae, Athyriaceae, Dryopteridaceae, Cystopteridaceae, Thelypteridaceae, Brassicaceae, Rosaceae, Elatinaceae, Apiaceae, Orobanchaceae, Liliaceae, and Orchidaceae. We report the current occurrence of Nowellia curvifolia in the Sub-Pannonian region of Slovenia. We present an exceptionally species-rich habitat for ferns (Athyrium filix-femina, Dryopteris carthusiana, D. dilatata, D. filix-mas, Gymnocarpium dryopteris, Polystichum aculeatum) from the ‘Borsodi ártér’ microregion. We provide data on the stands of Thelypteris palustris observed along the main irrigation canals of ‘Tiszántúl’ region. We publish new occurrence records contributing to the Hungarian distribution of Aethionema saxatile, Crataegus nigra, Elatine hungarica, Sium sisarum, Orobanche hederae, Himantoglossum adriaticum, Epipactis placentina, E. exilis, E. pseudopurpurata, and E. microphylla, as well as to the appearance of Helosciadium repens in urbanized environment. Gagea spathacea and G. bohemica are newly recorded for the Zemplén Mts; Epipactis nordeniorum and Epipogium aphyllum are new for the flora of the Mátra Mts; and Himantoglossum calcaratum is newly recorded for Hungary. We also present spontaneous establishment of several orchid species in the courtyard of a secondary school in Veszprém. Additionally, we report on the pollinating insects observed on the flowers of Sternbergia colchiciflora. Two previously misreported records are also corrected.
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Epipactis exilis in the Börzsöny Mts (C Hungary)
102-103Views:316Seven specimens of Epipactis exilis has been found in the Börzsöny Mts, in a beech forest along the creek Szén-patak on the 21st August 2020. This strictly protected species is very rare in Hungary, the present observation is its fifth occurrence in the country. It is new to the Börzsöny Mts flora.
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Short communications
257-260Views:4021. Crataegus rosaeformis Janka subsp. rosaeformis in Cserehát (NE Hungary)
2. Epipactis pseudopurpurata Mered’a in Gödöllő hill (N Hungary)
3. Occurrence of Sedum caespitosum (Cav.) DC. near Vésztő (E Hungary)
4. New occurrences of Sherardia arvensis L. and Asplenium scolopendrium L.
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Contributions to the flora of Budapest and its surroundings IV.
27–40Views:619New or recently confirmed localities of more than 50 rare or poorly known taxa (including 10 ferns) are presented from the territory of Budapest and adjacent territories. Some of those records are new for the spontaneous flora of particular territories, specifically: Anthericum liliago (Szentendre Island), Artemisia alba (Tétény Highland), Cerastium lucorum (Buda Mts, Börzsöny), Epipactis albensis (Budapest, Pilis), E. futakii (Börzsöny), E. moravica (Börzsöny, Visegrád Mts), Hippophae rhamnoides (Szentendre Island), Myosotis discolor (Börzsöny). The new localities of Cnidium dubium, Platanthera chlorantha, Spiranthes spiralis, Sternbergia colchiciflora, Veronica jacquinii and Viola stagnina are also noteworthy. Some species are discussed in more detail in relation to their former Hungarian literature records.
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A new, remarkable population of Epipactis placentina found near Parádsasvár village (Mátra Mts, NE Hungary)
247–248Views:424The present paper surveyes the Hungarian records of Epipactis placentina Bongiorni & Grünanger, which is the rarest Epipactis species in Hungary. Currently, E. placentina is known only at Parádsasvár village in the country. This population (ca. 40 generative individuals) was found in 2019, in an old beech forest, in northern exposition.
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Contributions to the flora of the Heves–Borsod and Uppony Hills and adjacent territories
173–226Views:281Results of nearly two decades of floristic research in the territory of Heves–Borsod Hills (Tarna-vidék) and the northern foreground of the Bükk Mts are presented in this paper (altogether 4421 records; BÁ: 1665, SJ: 2752). Several old literature records – partly supported by vouchers – are confirmed, e.g. Hypericum elegans and Lappula heteracantha from the Uppony Gorge, as well as Cephalaria transsylvanica, Cypripedium calceolus, Diplotaxis erucoides and Plantago indica from the Heves–Borsod Hills and the northern foreground of the Bükk Mts. Other former literature records (partly from the authors) are revised. These revisions are mainly due to changes in taxonomic concepts of some genera in new keys (Carex, Chamaecytisus, Epipactis, Molinia, Sorbus). Old literature and herbarium records of other significant taxa (Onosma visanii, Scutellaria columnae, Sorbus sp., Utricularia bremii/minor) are revised too. The new occurrence of Ferula sadleriana in the Uppony Gorge is probably the result of intentional seed dispersal. Of the many rare plants listed in our paper some are new for the flora of the region under study: Agrimonia procera, Alchemilla micans, Asplenium adiantum-nigrum, Astragalus austriacus, A. exscapus, Blysmus compressus, Carex appropinquata, C. cespitosa, Catabrosa aquatica, Centarea indurata, Dactylorhiza × aschersoniana, Epipactis voethii, Epipogium aphyllum, Equisetum hyemale, Festuca drymeja, Gagea bohemica, Glyceria nemoralis, Hesperis sylvestris, Myosotis caespitosa, Phegopteris connectilis, Platanthera chlorantha, P. × hybrida, Rosa gizellae, Scilla kladnii, Senecio doria, Solanum villosum, Taraxacum palustre, Triglochin palustre. Two phytocoenological relevés representing the habitats of Myosotis caespitosa and Spiraea media are presented. Currently known local distribution of some montane and forest-steppe elements are shown on maps.
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Floristic data from Lengyel–Hőgyész Natura 2000 site (SW Hungary)
31–38Views:265This paper presents occurrence data of 169 taxa from the Lengyel–Hőgyész Natura 2000 site (HUDD20026) which is on the southern part of Tolna Hills, SW Hungary. Data were collected during three years (2015, 2016, 2017), on different sites annually. The presented data contribute to the distribution dataset of Atlas florae Hungariae. Regionally rare or sporadic species (e.g. Asplenium scolopendrium, Asplenium trichomanes, Polystichum setiferum, Doronicum hungaricum, Paris quadrifolia, Scilla vindobonensis) are enumerated. Presence of Epipactis leptochila subsp. neglecta and Platanthera chlorantha were not registered from this site before. Subspecies of Carex divulsa are also studied on this site – distribution of these infraspecific taxa have not been mapped recently in Hungary.
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Data to the flora and vegetation of Hungary I.
89-104Views:190The present study reports the occurrence data of 54 vascular plant taxa, collected at various localities in Hungary during floristic, vegetation and ecological field surveys between 2000 and 2013. In some cases, phytosociological relevés were prepared to characterize the local coenological properties of the species. Many of these species are included in the „Red list of the vascular flora of Hungary” (e.g. Carthamus lanatus, Sedum caespitosum, Spiranthes spiralis and Trifolium micranthum). Some of them (e.g. Apium repens, Dianthus diutinus, Epipactis bugacensis and Ranunculus psilostachys) are rarities in the whole country. Our findings suggest that conservationists should focus not only on the maintenance of semi-natural habitats but also on the investigation of secondary habitats (e.g. river embankments, temporary pools on arable fields) in order to maintain the total species diversity of the landscape.
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Oak-ash-elm woodlands (Fraxino pannonicae-Ulmetum) of the Middle-Tisza region
103–128Views:218The present study discusses the community relations of the oak-ash-elm woodlands (Fraxino pannonicae-Ulmetum Soó in Aszód 1935 corr. Soó 1963) of the Middle-Tisza region based on 20 coenological recordings. This is an azonal association moderately influenced by groundwater. Its stands represent an impoverished form compared with the woodlands of the Upper-Tisza region. However, its noteworthy species include the following: Acer platanoides, A. pseudoplatanus, A. tataricum, Aegopodium podagraria, Arum orientale, Carduus crispus, Carex remota, C. sylvatica, Carpinus betulus, Cephalanthera longifolia, Cerasus avium, Corydalis cava, Dryopteris carthusiana, D. filix-mas, Elymus caninus, Epipactis helleborine agg., Fagus sylvatica, Gagea lutea, Hedera helix, Fraxinus angustifolia ssp. danubialis, Melica altissima, Moehringia trinervia, Myosotis sparsiflora, Neottia nidus-avis, Ornithogalum brevistylum, Padus avium, Platanthera bifolia, Ranunculus auricomus, Ribes rubrum, Stachys sylvatica, Tilia platyphyllos, T. tomentosa, Ulmus laevis, Viburnum opulus, Viola reichenbachiana stb.
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Contributions to the flora of Budapest and its surroundings III.
227–237Views:448New or recently confirmed localities of 40 rare taxa (including 7 ferns) are presented from the vicinity of Budapest. Some records are new for the flora of particular regions, specifically: Geranium sibiricum (Buda Mts and Budapest), Polystichum setiferum (Pilis Mts), Onosma pseudarenaria, Sorbus aria s. str. (Visegrad Mts). Of the remaining records, the most significant ones are those of Agrimonia procera, Botrychium lunaria, Epipactis tallosii, Gymnadenia odoratissima and Sorbus ujhelyii.
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Floristical data from abandoned vineyards of Cserhát Hills
260-266Views:151The results of floristic researches in abandoned vineyards of Cserhát Hills (Northeastern Hungary) between 2007 and 2014 are presented along with an account of relevant floristic literature and specimens of the Herbarium Carpato–Pannonicum Collection of the Hungarian Natural History Museum. Data of protected species and locally or generally rare ones are presented. Occurrences of Equisetum × moorei, Hesperis sylvestris, Gentiana cruciata, Scabiosa canescens, Campanula macrostachya, Carlina acaulis, Centaurea indurata, C. stenolepis, Epipactis atrorubens and Orchis ustulata subsp. aestivalis are especially significant. Some new localities of the following species are also emphasized: Pulsatilla grandis, Sorbus domestica, Centaurea scabiosa subsp. sadleriana, Orchis militaris, O. × hybrida, Ranunculus arvensis, Rapistrum perenne, Chamaecytisus virescens, Ch. austriacus, Hippocrepis comosa, Euphorbia salicifolia, Thymelaea passerina, Senecio erucifolius.
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Contributions to the Atlas Florae Hungariae II.
227-252Views:774The present article is the second part of the series aiming to contribute with new data to the distribution maps published recently in Atlas Florae Hungariae. Current occurrence data of 612 vascular plant taxa from 283 flora mapping quadrates (CEU) are presented. New records are distributed over the entire Hungary, however, most are localised in the North Hungarian Mts. Occurrence data of rare native taxa (e.g. Antennaria dioica, Bupleurum pachnospermum, Carex rostrata, Ceratocephala testiculata, Cicuta virosa, Cirsium boujartii, Epipactis moravica, Lycopsis arvensis, Parnassia palustris, Pyrus nivalis, Rumex kerneri, Rumex pulcher, Silene nemoralis, Stellaria alsine, Teucrium botrys, Vicia lutea), rare or data-deficient alien taxa (e.g. Nonea lutea, Panicum dichotomiflorum, Silybum marianum) as well as frequent but more or less underrepresented taxa (e.g. Eragrostis minor, Heliotropium europaeum, Saxifraga tridactylites) are also enumerated, since our intention was to fill the gaps in the Atlas. Remarcable contribution on the occupied territory of Ranunculus illyricus and Spergula pentandra in the Nyírség region (E Hungary), and on the Hungarian distribution of expanding alien weed Senecio vernalis are also presented.
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Oak-hornbeam and turkey oak forests growing on sand on the foothills of the Pilis Range (Corydali pumilae-Carpinetum, Fraxino orno-Quercetum cerridis)
79–105Views:379We studied the phytosociological characteristics of hornbeam and turkey oak dominated forests growing on sand at the southwestern foot of the Pilis Mountains. Here we present the results of analyses of 10 relevés of each community. The species composition of the hornbeam forest samples is characterized by a relatively high proportion of Fagetalia species. Notable species in the community are Aconitun vulparia, Berberis vulgaris, Epipactis helleborine agg., Galanthus nivalis, Geranium lucidum, Lilium martagon, Omphalodes scorpioides, Piptatherum virescens, Primula veris, Scilla vindobonensis, Sorbus aria agg., S. domestica, Veratrum nigrum, and Waldsteinia geoides. In the turkey oak forests, species characteristic of the class Quercetea pubescentis-petraeae have the highest proportion. Notable and locally typical species occurring in the community are Anthericum ramosum, Digitalis grandiflora, Iris variegata, Piptatherum virescens, Primula veris, Achillea distans, Dictamnus albus, Galanthus nivalis, Lonicera xylosteum, Scilla vindobonensis, Sorbus domestica, Veratrum nigrum, as well as Lunaria annua and Tilia tomentosa that are possibly introduced here. Based on the results of statistical analyses, the two forest communities are best identified with the associations named Corydali pumilae-Carpinetum and Fraxino orno-Quercetum cerridis, both occurring in the Transdanubian Mountain Range.
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Some floristic data from surroundings of Kötcse (South Transdanubia, West Outer Somogy)
74-80Views:278There are very few published and documented floristic data from the hills of the SW region of Hungary called 'Outer Somogy'. This paper present the occurrence data of 31 vascular plant species from the western part of this region. Among them 14 taxa are legally protected and further 17 taxa are sporadically occurring. The records were collected within the administrative area of villages Karád, Kereki, Kötcse, Nagycsepely, Szólád (Nezde) and Teleki. Most data were recorded in 2014. This is the first report on the occurrence of 1) Neotinea ustulata subsp. aestivalis in South Transdanubia, and 2) Epipactis microphylla and E. tallosii in Outer Somogy. Data provided on the occurrence of Cirsium boujartii on the northwestern border of the distribution area of this insufficiently known species.
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White poplar riparian forests on the Csepel-sziget, Middle-Hungary (Senecioni sarracenici-Populetum albae Kevey in Borhidi & Kevey 1996)
57–78Views:444In this paper the white poplar riparian forests (Senecioni sarracenici-Populetum albae) growing on the Csepel-sziget and its vicinity are described and characterized based on 25 phytosociological relevés. These communities grow on loose fluvial sand and raw alluvial soils on the elevated parts of the lower river floodplain. They can readily be distinguished from willow gallery forests (Leucojo aestivi-Salicetum albae) which have no shrub layers and grow in habitats 1–1.5 m below the level of poplar forests on rather heavy and muddy soils. They differ also from the oak-ash-elm forests (Scillo vindobonensis-Ulmetum) growing in the upper floodplain. Certain – partly submontane – plants that are rare or completely absent in other parts of the Great Hungarian Plains may also occur in them, such as Anemone ranunculoides, Carex remota, Clematis recta, Crataegus × degenii, Crataegus nigra, Epipactis helleborine, Equisetum hyemale, Galanthus nivalis, Lathraea squamaria, Leucojum aestivum, Paris quadrifolia, Scilla vindobonensis, Vitis sylvestris. This association is classified in the sub-alliance Populenion nigro-albae Kevey 2008 in the syntaxonomical system.
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Contributions to the Atlas Florae Hungariae XI.: Data from the Tokaj–Zemplén Mts and its surroundings
239–241Views:340This paper is the 11th in the series aiming to contribute data to the distribution maps published recently in Atlas Florae Hungariae. Our records were collected from the Tokaj-Zemplén Mts and the Bodrogköz region. The dataset includes 325 occurrence data of 75 vascular plant taxa from 53 flora mapping unit. Most of the represented taxa are legally protected, e.g. Aconitum variegatum, Alchemilla subcrenata, Aster amellus, Cardamine glanduligera, Centaurea triumfettii, Cephalanthera damasonium, Dianthus deltoides, Epipactis pontica, Gentianopsis ciliata, Orchis morio, Orthilia secunda, Petasites albus, Platanthera bifolia, Polygala major, Prunella grandiflora, Pulsatilla grandis, Rosa pendulina, Salix aurita, Scilla kladnii and Stipa dasyphylla.
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Oak-ash-elm forests in the Nyírség
179-220Views:393This paper presents phytosociological analyses of oak-ash-elm forests of Nyírség, NE Hungary. These climatically azonal forests grow in habitats where the soil is under the continual influence of the groundwater table, which maintains rather mesic conditions. They are particularly rich in Fagetalia elements (Actaea spicata, Allium ursinum, Anemone ranunculoides, Asarum europaeum, Athyrium filix-femina, Cardamine bulbifera, Carex pilosa, Cerastium sylvaticum, Chaerophyllum aromaticum, Corydalis cava, Dryopteris filix-mas, Epipactis helleborine agg., Euphorbia amygdaloides, Galeobdolon luteum, Galium odoratum, Hedera helix, Isopyrum thalictroides, Lathraea squamaria, Lathyrus vernus, Lilium martagon, Majanthemum bifolium, Mercurialis perennis, Milium effusum, Polygonatum multiflorum, Pulmonaria officinalis, Ranunculus cassubicus, Salvia glutinosa, Sanicula europaea, Scilla vindobonensis, Stachys sylvatica, Stellaria holostea etc.) typical in the submontane regions of this part of Europe. It is possible that they are remnants of the vegetation dominating the region under the less continental and more moist climate during the Beech phase (2500–800 BC) of the Holocene.