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Freeloaders, anomic students, ritual persistent students and goal-oriented persistent students. Unusual risks in higher educational students’ dropout
45-62Views:303The question of our study is measuring the relationship between the risk of dropout and the belief in the usefulness of the higher educational certificate and the effort to obtain it. In our analysis, the student database of the HERD research (N=1295) was used. Four groups were identified by cluster analysis. 1) Among the anomic students (the group described with anomie), the level of belief the usefulness of the higher educational certificate and the effort toward that is the lowest while the risk of dropping out is the highest. 2) The ritual persistent (i.e. tenacious) students are able to make strong efforts but do not believe in the degree. Their diligence does not offer them the same level of protection against dropout as 3) the goal-oriented persistence which means that the student believes in the degree as well besides the diligence. 4) The freeloaders are less diligent, but aware of the value of the degree, offering them bigger protection than the disappointed diligence of the ritual persistent students. Among the target-oriented persistent group is higher the proportion of students who learnt in an elite secondary educational institution and who has a graduated householder, while among the ritual persistent group the proportion of those having priority admission points due to disadvantaged/cumulative disadvantaged (HH/HHH) position is higher.
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Roma employment – disadvantaged situation - labour market insecurity
90-111Views:939The problems faced by disadvantaged social groups are complex and require a multidimensional, interdisciplinary approach. In our study, we present the employment-related results of a 2021 survey of a predominantly Roma local community living in a settlement conditions across several dimensions of quality of life. In addition to the employment characteristics of the target group, we explore their employment attitudes, work value preferences and related gender and social roles. Our results show a positive change in the employment situation of the local society, although general labour market insecurity remains to be seen.
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A lakhatási mobilitás hatása hátrányos helyzetű családok életmódjára
132-153Views:349In our research, we examined the impact of an integration program for catch-up purposes in a small settlement, which also provides housing mobility, on the lifestyle of the disadvantaged families affected by the intervention. During the interview research supplemented by document analysis, dimensions that determine lifestyle we were examined, such as the physical characteristics of the apartment, income situation, labor market situation, attitude to education, health status, and mental state. Based on the results, we found a positive correlation in several examined dimensions between the lifestyle change of the families involved in the research and moving out of the segregated area. At the same time, it can also be stated that housing mobility implemented within the framework of the catch-up project may not be able to have the expected effect and achieve the set goal in itself.
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The chance of digital education among students in a disadvantaged settlement
89-111Views:410The study has researched the adherence of full-times tudents’ into digital study in a disadvantaged region The 240 participants consisted of 165 elementary school students, 51 secondary school students and 24 college/university students. The publication shows that part of the questionnaire that deals with the condition of the adherence, infrastructural endowment and the reasons of absence. The study carries out the survey along factors that cause digital and social exclusion, seeking after significant correlations. The furtherresults of the survey – which deal with the methods of education, successfulness, advantages, disadvantages and the improvement of digital education - will be discussed in another publication.
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Az iskolai szegregáció szerepe a hátrányos helyzetű gyermekek és fiatalok lemaradásában
67-88Views:1806Experts have long studied the relationship between school segregation and unequal opportunity for students from disadvantaged backgrounds. Drawing on academic literature, research and statistical data, this paper examines the consolidation of school segregation in the country, the impact of segregation on the learning achievement of disadvantaged students in public education and on intergroup relations. The issue of educational segregation and integration is often a subject of debate, but research evidence favours heterogeneous composition to foster students' school careers, future labour market prospects and social inclusion.
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Határmentiség – hátrányos helyzet – munkaerőpiaci bizonytalanság
44-62Views:608In recent years, we have witnessed favourable labour market developments, with an increase in employment and a decrease unemployment since 2013. This is roughly the time when the domestic economy recovered from the financial crisis that unfolded in 2008. However, these favourable labour market developments do not affect the regions of Hungary or individual groups of workers uniformly. And although the relative position of Roma workers in the previously disadvantaged areas of the North-East and South-West has improved, their gap and lack of opportunities remains significant compared to non-Roma people.
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Tanodás és nem tanodás gyerekek szociális kompetenciáinak összevetése kérdőíves, megfigyeléses és narratív módszertannal
102-128Views:345In school settings, there are often not enough opportunities to develop children's social competencies besides developing their cognitive abilities. But there is a need for this kind of support, especially in disadvantaged areas and for minority children. Study-hall programs function to compensate for this deficiency. We compared matched groups of primary school pupils in two municipalities in the Northern part of Hungary. One group participated in a study hall program, while the other did not. We measured social competencies. Impulsivity and aggression were measured with questionnaires, while communication and future vision were approached qualitatively. Children attending Study-hall programs like to go there, and most of them listed playing activities among the best programs. Our results show that children from the study hall program have better communication skills and a more realistic vision of the future, and based on their self-report, they feel more like they belong to the majority society than their peers from the school without a study hall program. We conclude that study halls can mitigate disadvantages coming from low socio-economic status.
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A hátrányos helyzetű tanulók nem-kognitív problémamegoldó készségének fejlődése a tanodában
41-69Views:515In contrast to cognitive skills, non-cognitive skills play a key role in shaping an individual's life course, yet the development of non-cognitive skills attracts insufficient attention. This study explores the contribution of study halls today to address the social disadvantage inherited by students in the area of non-cognitive problem-solving skills. The results of our exploratory study in five study halls in cities with county status in the Northern Great Plain region showed that study halls play a prominent role in mitigating the skills deficits of the mainly upper primary disadvantaged students included in the study. As a result of the developmental work of the study hall, problem-solving skills showed improvements mainly in the reduction of problem sources, in the problem-solving instruments and in the form of problem solving. As a result of the intervention of the study hall, the students' acquired social disadvantages were reduced and their inclusion in school, later in the labour market and in society was reinforced.
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“Brave enough to remove the shell of a chestnut.” The career path of a resilient teacher
85-101Views:452Being successful at school as a Roma student is a crucial sociological question. Roma teachers’ experience is invaluable when seeking to understand and solve problems that students with similar backgrounds have. Resilience is our academic starting point. In PISA who belong to a lower social class but have higher achievements are called resilient students. Educational sociologists say that a person’s life is resilient when it is successful, notwithstanding the disadvantaged social background (Ceglédi 2018). We have analysed Roma teachers with resilient lives and looked for answers to what kind of possibilities and dangers of a resilient life might hide in the pedagogical career. Given a unique target group, we chose snowball sampling. 6 semistructured interviews were made in eastern Hungary in 2019, in which we emphasized the resilience of their life taken, the pedagogic job, and their connection. We did qualitative analysis of the transcripts. The resilient Roma teachers incorporate their life experience into their pedagogic fields and their coping serves as a model for their students.
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Similarities and differences - Work attitudes and job satisfaction characteristics 2005-2018
233-257Views:906In our study, we present the domestic aspects of work-related attitudes, focusing on the period after the turn of the millennium. In our analytical work, we aimed to examine the characteristics of job satisfaction, work-related attitudes, and work-related stress in a database of two national and one county seat. In our writing, in addition to the descriptive analysis of the three databases, we focus on exploring possible changes and differences in time and space. According to our results, the job satisfaction of the respondents of the two national surveys shows almost the same pattern, while the opinion of the local society shows a different and more unfavorable picture. This can be explained, among other things, by the fact that our local survey took place in one of the most disadvantaged counties of the country, Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county. In addition, it should be emphasized that the location of our research, as the county seat, still has more favorable conditions than other settlements in its agglomeration. The other two national databases that form the basis of the analysis were created within the framework of the International Social Survey Program. Based on Herzberg's two-factor model, we can conclude that certain factors belonging to the group of external motivations, such as favorable earnings, job security are equally important for all groups of respondents. This is consistent with the terminology of work as a core value for livelihood. According to the national sample conducted in 2005, the internal motivational factors, such as the interest and usefulness of the work, and the importance of the work that can be done independently were the most decisive. The opinions of the 2015 national and 2018 local respondents were nearly the same in this respect. Overall, it can be stated that both the differences and the similarities characterize the job satisfaction, work attitude and work-related stress situation of the respondents of the three survey years. The issue of divergence and convergence is shaped not only by regional characteristics, but also by social and economic processes and the social and individual responses to them.
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Research at the Husar and Eastern settlements in Nyíregyháza – Methodology of the research
8-18Views:499This study contains the methodology description of settlement research carried out in Nyíregyháza. A description of geographical location and distinctiveness of the two surveyed places, Husar and Eastern settlements, is followed by an introduction of the main block of the questionnaire used in our research. The surveyed sample is described by its geographical distribution then by the main socio-demographic indicators. 271 households were examined at the two locations by questioners. 69% of the respondents were women, 31% of them men, the average age was 43.5, and rate of those with completed 8-grade primary school was prominent. The majority of the respondents lived in cohabitation or were unmarried. It is estimated that our data collection covered the 25-35% of the population in the two settlements. Regarding gender, age, level of education, marital status and economic activity there were no statistical differences between the two settlements.
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Health state and health education
138-162Views:810In our study, we present the results of a survey, presented among the roma local group living in settlement conditions; concerning their health state, health education and health awareness behaviour. The study explored the quality of life of these disadvantaged groups in several dimensions. According to our results health state and health education need a multilevel intervention, focused on emphasising the preventive functions of the primary health care; in order to gain a long term, positive change among the related social groups.