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Generative Design of a Mechanical Pedal
48-58Views:847Nowadays, there are various tools that support the initial stages of design available to use for engineers, the traditional Computer-Aided Design (CAD) has been implemented in the engineering components design and replaced manual drafting. However, with the advances and the rapid technology development, new trends emerged to cope with this evolution, namely, Generative Design, Topology Optimization, and Generative Engineering Design. The method is based on numerical algorithms that generate a variety of design and modelling options based on the criteria and constraints set by the designer to allow further design exploration. Proposed in this paper is an implementation of the generative design of a mechanical pedal with further finite element analysis.
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Application of Topological Methods in the Development of Vehicle Components
67-75Views:106Many areas of the industry are characterized by continuous changes, which define new directions of development in product design. The development of computers and software, the spread of modern production tools and the development of material technology make it possible to expand traditional production technologies with modern processes. Integrated CAD systems have occupied their place in the product design and development process for decades, reforming classical design methods. Popular optimization procedures in integrated CAD systems, such as shape optimization, topological optimization and the new generative design process, provide effective solutions for design engineers in more and more industrial application areas. Experience shows that modern design methods can be used in many areas of industry. The appearance of metal powder printing and additive technology make it possible to test the designed prototypes or even to produce the final products. The following article aims to support the above with the help of a case study.
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The Impact of Sales Promotion, User Interface and User Experience Design on Shopee App Users' Repurchase Intentions
90-104Views:1365By 2022, Gen Z and millennial consumers dominated Shopee usage in Indonesia. Similar e-commerce platforms are forced to constantly innovate to remain competitive in the market due to increasing competition. Therefore, the primary focus of e-commerce platform development should be on the user interface, user experience design, and promotions that are appealing and easy to access so that potential customers are inclined to repurchase. This research aims to determine the influence of UI design, UX design, and promotions on the repurchase intention of users of the Shopee application. The sampling method used was systematic sampling. Ninety-six respondents are included in the sample. This study uses descriptive analysis, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, and hypothesis testing for data analysis. SPSS Statistics 28.0 was used for data processing. The study found that user interface design, user experience design, and sales promotions statistically impact the repurchase intention of users of the Shopee application. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of repurchase intent in e-commerce.
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Generative Design of Articulated Rod of Radial Engine
36-47Views:482The constant need for improvement drives humans to look for the best possible option in every field. Computer Aided Design (CAD) is no exception, to follow the best method of designing a product and finalizing it, researchers came up with an idea to generate multiple designs using fixed input values and finalizing the most appropriate one. The objective is achieved using an iterative design process based on algorithms by a specific software. Generative design introduces a new experience based on the Integration of machine dynamics in the manufacturing of objects and about experience. In this work generative design method was investigated on an articulated rod, one of the most important components of the rotary engine, to effectively improve the overall working performance of the engine and enhance its performance by decreasing its mass. Since fuel consumption by the machine can be greatly reduced by lowering the mass, so the goal is to minimize the weight of the rod while mechanical characteristics have to be within the acceptable values. Also, finite element analysis (FEA) was investigated on the part as to ensure the reliability of the rod before and after optimization.
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Component Development Using Topological Methods
54-62Views:95The article aims to briefly summarize the design aids which can be used nowadays, such as topology optimization and generative design, which are common in integrated CAD systems. A case study is used to present the results and comparisons provided by the previously mentioned methods.
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Investigation of the Luxury Yachts Condition and Their Maintenance
95-105Views:201Surveying the condition of yachts and their maintenance is of great importance for their functionality and efficiency. Finding the right approaches, expertise at different levels, design benchmarking are essential for all yacht maintenance and security, resulting in crew and passenger safety. This report presents an evaluation and expertise in a real environment and documentation of decision-makers for the strength and functionality of a luxury motor yacht. For a good understanding of the problem, detailed photographic material has been documented showing in detail the required technical corrections. The research would be of interest to a wide range of yacht design and industry professionals, academic and research representatives, yacht users and all interested stakeholders.
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Solid-Lattice Stem Optimization Design for Hip Implants
39-46Views:428The goal of this study is analyzed and design a methodology to reduce stem mass, through topology and lattice optimization of a Ti-6Al-4V hip implant, meeting yield stress requirements. Four optimization cases were studied: Topology optimization (1), Lattice design 100% (2), Lattice design 50% (3), Lattice design 25% (4). Five load cases from a study were applied for each optimization cases: Combined (LC1), standing-up (LC2), standing (LC3), going up stairs (LC4), jogging (LC5). The optimized cases design reduced stem mass approximately by 30% (1), 5% (2) ,8% (3) and 2% (4), compared with the total stem hip Ti-6Al-4V implant.
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Optimization of the Sheet Metal Base of a Toggle Clamp Using Finite Element Method
266-273Views:221Optimization relates to the ultimate yield strength and the maximum stress incident on the current model under critical working conditions and finds through iterative processing a way to compensate for the strength requirement without going beyond the desired mass limits. In this paper, the horizontal sheet metal base of a horizontal toggle clamp is optimised for mass reduction using the finite element analysis in the computer aided design software. The sheet metal base material is the ANSI32 Steel. In the design software, it is designed with the thickness of 7 mm and it is intended to support a workload of up to 750 N. The constraints were a fixed point added at all the holes and at the bottom surface of the sheet metal base. A number of iterations were made for the 750N loading force across the base plate to run the simulation. For optimization, the aim was to minimize the mass of the base plate. The design parameters were Von Mises, factor of safety and displacement. The variables were the slots’ width and material thickness along the mid-surface of the sheet metal. The mass was reduced by more than thirty per cent overall.
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Conceptual Design of the Low-Cost Environmental Temperature Test Chamber System
81-94Views:120Unmanned robots being remotely controlled or autonomous are spread worldwide and used in different purposes. Inhabited robots are brought very close to users and accessibility to these tools is very high, moreover, at very low costs. Regardless to emphasize the increasing popularity of these robots. However, any robot system being electrically driven and controlled has bottleneck in the amount of the electrical energy stored aboard in the battery packs. In other words, due to limited amount of the electrical energy available special issues related to use energy best way with maximum effectiveness are needed and considered. Additionally, the battery management system is needed to control the processes of the discharge and the charge ensuring technical data and parameters set by the manufacturer. This paper addresses robot applications in regions out of the calculated when special environmental testing is needed to confirm battery pack technical data. Among those of the environmental tests required the temperature test is in the focus of attention. The main idea and purpose of this paper is to set up new concept of the low-cost environmental temperature test chamber, to define its technical parameters and other properties needed for its preliminary design and prototype manufacturing.
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Topology Optimization of Automotive sheet metal part using Altair Inspire
143-150Views:836In an optimization problem, different candidate solutions are compared with each other, and then the best or optimal solution is obtained which means that solution quality is fundamental. Topology optimization is used at the concept stage of design. It deals with the optimal distribution of material within the structure. Altair Inspire software is the industry's most powerful and easy-to-use Generative Design/Topology Optimization and rapid simulation solution for design engineers. In this paper Topology optimization is applied using Altair inspire to optimize the Sheet metal Angle bracket. Different results are conducted the better and final results are fulfilling the goal of the paper which is minimizing the mass of the sheet metal part by 65.9% part and Maximizing the stiffness with Better Results of Von- Miss Stress Analysis, Displacement, and comparison with different load cases. This can lead to reduced costs, development time, material consumption, and product less weight.
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Analysis of Thermal Degradation in the Annealing Process of Colored Parts Built by Extrusion-Based 3D Printing
124-133Views:393With the ever-increasing request of light materials, poly lactic (acid) PLA, have got much in consideration. Low-cost PLA materials have risen its use. Those possess some benefits but nevertheless insufficient mechanical strength. The printed PLA objects have a stumbling block for practical applications. Thus, annealing is an interested alternative to make 3D printed objects strong. This thermal treatment can significantly develop investigational studies and offer technical data. Hence the purpose of this paper is study and discuss how to increase the flexural strength through annealing process. Geometry distortions and color degradation will be analyzed. Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Taguchi Method (TM) and variance (ANOVA) were applied as part of the design experiments and analysis. Twenty-seven printed specimens were tested and factors as temperature, time and color were selected.
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The CAD Modelling Possibilities of Gear Pairs by Two Ways in the Mechanical Engineering Practice
205-219Views:151The GearTeq 2021 software is a complex gear designer software which is capable to design different types of gears based on the initial geometric parameters by the user. Naturally, the users’ appropriate knowledge for the gear theorem and the manufacturing technology is indispensable for the design. The possibilities of the software are shown in this publication. The designed gear pairs are usable for different engineering fields (robots, working machines, vehicles, etc.).
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Use Design or Technology: The Antique Römer Glass
33-37Views:132In this paper, the Römer-glass are assessed as indicator of the technology and design by using a comparative method. We identifed their designing technology methods and associated them with manufacturing centres. All of them made from green forest glass and produced in northwestern and central Europe from around 1000-1700 AD. The Römer glass present dining traditions and habits in the middle ages, furthermore like a personal belongings can be associated with the presentation of social status or individual expression.
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Principles of Three-Dimensional Computer Design for Understanding Impossible Figures
167-173Views:167For a better understanding of the impossible figures, it is advisable to use modern technological means by which the design of the geometry of the models gives a complete understanding of how they are made. Computer-aided 3D design completely solves this problem. That is, on the one hand, the ultimate visual variant of impossible figures is created, on the other hand, there is the possibility for real manipulation, movement, rotation and other models of space. In this study, 3D models of impossible figures are fully constructed, which are applied in the educational process in order to develop logical thinking. The steps of creating 3D geometry using open source software Blender 3D are described in details.
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Topology optimization and rim design
92-101Views:294A goal of this article is to show the development of the car wheel rims along with the progress of the manufacturing technologies over the past few years. To achieve this goal, topology optimization and generative design usage have been reviewed in this work. The research has focused on the main factors, which affect the life of car wheel rim, and it has shed the light on the effect of the topology optimization and the generative design on the manufacturing of the car wheel rims. Since the main factors above-mentioned are the: forces, material preferences and topology optimization, the study has covered the results of the studies made on each part along with the technology progress. Moreover, the article has explained the methodology main steps of the topology optimization and the generative design and their principles.
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Design of Experiments Application for Machining Process Analyse
257-265Views:141In this contribution are results from machining of the aluminium alloy by spiral router. The experiment was designed as full 3 - factors and 2-levels process and for evaluation of input factors to output parameters – Fx and Fy components were used Paret´s diagram and Lorentz´s line. The input parameters were: revolution speed (4000/min. and 6000/min.), working engagement of a cutting edge (depth of cut) ae (1 mm and 3 mm), back engagement of a cutting edge (with of cut) ap (5 mm and 15 mm) and down (climb) milling.
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Development of a Small-Scale Plastic Recycling Technology and a Special Filament Product for 3D Printing
365-371Views:410In our days, the fight against pollution has become a real challenge for the state. recycling is one of the solutions that is adopted in several nations to reduce the rate of plastic discarded in nature. The amount of plastic waste has been increasing for decades contributing to the environmental pollution that is one of the most serious problem of the mankind. according to the statistics not only the household plastic waste, but the industry discharge is increasing because the utilization of plastic as a raw material is more and more extending. plastic can be found in a lot of products, huge number of bottles, plastic bags, computers, auto parts are sold every day. The current applications for using recycled plastics in fabrication and design are fairly limited, on a small scale, plastics (such as abs, HDPe1, or Pe2t) are shredded and formed into pellets, and then either extruded into lament to be used in existing 3d printers, or injection molded into small parts and pieces of larger components. at a large scale, recycled HDpE is melted into sheets and either used directly as sheets in construction, or then heat formed from a sheet into components for construction. these methods of fabrication using recycled plastics are the norm because of their straightforward processes. nevertheless, each method leaves some complexity to be desired. This paper we study the types of plastics and diagnose the pollution caused by the latter. this allowed us to design and size a recycling station of plastic into filaments for three-dimensional printers. this station which will contribute to the fight against pollution. the station consists of two machines for grinding of the plastic and the other for the extrusion of the desired filaments. we were able to make a theoretical academic study on both machines and also we designed with solidworks 2015. The theoretical study is spread of the mechanical calculations necessary to the design and validation of the structure using the tools. as the prospect of this project, we want to complete the achievement of this station while completing the crusher and extruder mechanically. then switch to electric and electronic parts (introduction of engines, sensors and wiring...). In the case of waste plastics that are recyclable and reusable. the most widely used are polyethylene terephthalate (pet, used for synthetic fibers and water bottles), and second high-density polyethylene (hdpe, used for jugs, bottle caps, water pipes).
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Design of Chip Conveyor
81-85Views:117The following article examines the design methodology of screw conveyors. The most significant steps are discussed concerning the design of the apparatus and its use in machine tools as a service component is explained.
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Testing of Micro Switches for Garden Tools
206-213Views:103The aim of this paper is to introduce the design of testing method for the prediction of the life and acceleration methods of the micro switches applied in different type of garden tools. These products will be tested for complex stressing, for example higher temperature, humidity, current load and so on. Therefore, the most important information and multi-factor acceleration models are summarized, the Weibull, the lognormal and the exponential distributions which are suitable for performing and evaluating tests.
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Development of Efficient Drive Based on Self-help
147-151Views:96The efficiency and the life rating are essential characteristics of mechanical drives. The traction drives with proper geometry can avoid the geometrical slip and their efficiency can exceed that of the gear drives. The elements has hardened steel surfaces, the lubricant is rheopectic. There is no danger for thinning the oil film and consequently for connecting the asperities. The traction drives are relatively noiseless, they are applicable for increasing speed in particular. There are some problems to be solved in friction drive. This is the necessity of clamping force. A simple machine element usually make a constant clamping force, a tensioning mechanism can be too complicated. The ideal solution is a simple design which assure a clamping force that is proportional to the instantaneous external load requirements. The authors suggest a modified machine element – a helical torsion spring, an elastic one, instead of the original, rigid annular wheel – that comprises both the driving and clamping functions, and the latter one is proportional to the external load, so that the principle of self-help operates.
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The Influence of the Boundary Conditions on the Buckling of Thin-walled Cans during Manufacturing
41-50Views:94In this paper the effect of the boundary conditions on the stability of thin-walled aerosol cans under axial pressure is investigated. The main objective is to outline the main characteristics of this highly nonlinear mechanical problem and to present methods to simulate the buckling of cans with different boundary conditions. Due to the numerical difficulties coming from the contact between the can and different components of the machines, the effect of the different supports of the can is investigated on the crushing (or buckling) force at which the loss of stability occurs. The commercial finite element software Abaqus is used to solve the problems and to present the efficiency of FE codes in the design process of cans.
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Maintenance from the Work Safety Point of View
190-196Views:137Deterioration of the technical condition of plant equipment is a common phenomenon nowadays. According to the experience of authorities, all this contributes to the occurrence of malfunctions and accidents. Plants that operate with an inadequate conservation strategy are now nearing the end of their design life, thus posing an increased accident risk. Aging processes are often accelerated by the operator's underestimation of the effects of equipment stress and the extent of deterioration mechanisms, and the consequent inadequate design and operation of condition monitoring and maintenance procedures. The aim of our work is to examine trends in the light of modern maintenance optimization methods and, in connection with this, to make proposals for the optimization of maintenance scheduling for employers.
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Exhaust System Muffler Volume Optimization of Light Commercial passenger Car Using Transfer Matrix Method
132-138Views:191Nowadays, the automotive industry is focused on weight and size reduction. Main advantage of this weight and size reduction are improving the fuel economy. The specific fuel consumption of a vehicle can be improved through e.g. downsizing area of heat loss, if we focus on vehicle with weight reduction. Weight reduction can be done by replacing material or by changing the size (dimensions) of components. In the present work we have focused on Audi A6 muffler, troubleshooting and optimizing the muffler by changing pipe length of inlet and outlet, also by replacing the original mesh plate to porous pipe. Based on optimization, prototype has been built with the help of 3D design tool CATIA V5 and the calculations of transmission loss (TL) have been performed by MATLAB. Plane wave-based models such as the transfer matrix method (TMM) can offer fast initial prototype solutions for muffler designers. The principles of TMM for predicting the transmission loss of a muffler was used. Result of this present study of an existing muffler has been analysed and then compared with vehicle level test observation data. Noise level have been optimized for new muffler design. Other literatures were played significant rule for validate our results.
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Direct Optimization of an Automotive Sheet Metal Part Using ANSYS
134-142Views:443Optimization of automotive parts nowadays is mainly used to design lightweight and cost-effective vehicle parts in order to improve the cost and efficiency. In this research, a sheet metal part was taken into consideration and optimized using direct optimization module in ANSYS to evaluate the process. An initial Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was done on the sheet metal part by adding forces and constraints in order to initiate direct optimization. The purpose of the optimization is to minimize the mass of the sheet metal part and maintaining a certain Factor of Safety (FOS) by automatically modifying the sheet thickness and the dimension of the side holes. As a result, the best candidate point with 23% mass reduction was found which complied with FOS value was selected for optimal geometry.
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Designing Aspects and Classification of Bearing Industry Box Handling Apparatus
325-334Views:119It has been an accepted tendency in the industrial practice since the last third of the 20th Century to decrease the living labour demand of the manufacturing processes. One of the main tools of it is the automation of production. In the design, the construction and the programming of the developed automata, the results of electronics, informatics and mechatronics can be used. All of the scientific fields mentioned above undergo intensive development. By the application of the results achieved in the design of the applications, the monotonous, dangerous and tiresome work not requiring expertise can be assigned to machines. In the longer run, the application of the automata is beneficial also in financial aspect, since the costs of living labour are continuously growing, while that of the mechatronic and technological devices show a rather decreasing tendency. Reliability is also an important aspect. It is well known for everyone that a well-designed and programmed automatic device performs its task without mistakes. If there is any objection or breakdown, on the basis of the currently valid safety technology rules, the machine stops, does not trigger any damage and after its repair, work can be continued.
