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INVITATION TO THE VIRTUAL EXHIBITIONS OF THE PROJECT „T.É.M.A.”
209-210Views:207The ’T.É.M.A.: Tudományos És Művészeti Alkotóműhely’ ("T.É.M.A.”: Scientific and Artistic Workshop) is a talent development program of the Hungarian "Kocka Kör Tehetséggondozó Kulturális Egyesület" (Cube Circle Talent Development Cultural Association) for secondary school students. Supporters of this project are the Hungarian National Talent Program and the Hungarian Prime Minister's Office (project ID is NTP-INNOV-22-0095). The study is an invitation to the virtual exhibitions of the project "T.É.M.A."
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WOMAN IS THE CHANCE/CHANCE IS INCREASING!
109-111Views:260The "NŐ az esély!" entitled talent development program was realized by the Hungarian EDU-MÉD PLUSZ Ltd. in the years 2019-2020 with supporting of the National Talent Development Program. Note: this title has two meanings: "Woman is the chance" and "Chance is increasing". The goal of this project was to help the chance equalization of schoolgirls in the area of maths, informatics, and natural science.
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Exploring the Efficacy of Student Community Service Programs (KKN) in Higher Education Institutions: A Case Study in Indonesia
77-89Views:323Every university student in higher education is required to take part in Kuliah Kerja Nyata, what is a study service program, according to the curriculum in higher education in Indonesia. Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) was appeared in a decree from the Department of Higher Education for the first time in 1973 (Kisnawat, 2009). In this study we present the origin of Kuliah Kerja Nyata and its policies implemented in the university, a description of Kuliah Kerja Nyata appeared on the universities’s websites, such as the University of Gajah Mada and Bandung Institute of Technology's website, and the benefits of its implementation for the stakeholders. This publication aims to review community service programs and promote community service in higher education. We present a synthetic literature review related to student community service. This publication offer how the Kuliah Kerja Nyata program has been effectively implemented in indonesian universities for students and lecturers.
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Equal Access to Education
73-86Views:50This study analyzes access to education and public services for persons with disabilities in Hungary, with a particular focus on students with special educational needs (SEN), within the framework of the historical evolution of human rights generations. It provides a comprehensive review of the latest legal frameworks—including the Act on National Public Education (Nkt.), the Act on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (Fotv.), and the Decree on Settlement Planning and Building Requirements (TÉK)—as well as the strategic directions of the National Disability Program (2026–2036). The author illustrates the progression from basic civil liberties and social security toward complex special education service delivery, emphasizing the critical role of the paradigm shift in achieving full-scale inclusion.
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INVITATION FOR ’7TH INTERNATIONAL INTERDISCIPLINARY CONFERENCE ABOUT SPECIAL TREATMENT (2022)
131-136Views:216Invitation and program
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FROM THE EXPERIENCE OF A TALENT MANAGEMENT ‒ GOOD PRACTICE AT THE ÁRPÁD VEZÉR PRIMARY SCHOOL IN DEBRECEN
117-127Views:490Talent management is a very important area in the pedagogical program of schools. Examining children’s interests or raising their interest can provide students with a learning motivation that allows talent to unfold or help the process of becoming a talent which the joint coordinated work of the teacher-student-parent can make the most effective. In our article, in the care of the talents of the students of the Árpád Vezér Primary School in Debrecen, Elektra Tóth (class 5B) we present the project presented by Ildikó Czeglédi and the process and participants of talent management as a good practice. The topic of the research was space exploration and astronomy, which could be a very interesting topic for other students. It deals with objects that seem to motivate children in the process of cognition, seeming a bit mystical and unreachable at light-years away. It was prepared for the VI. Debrecen City Talent Care Student Conference event was on March 10, 2022. The project consisted of a 3-page dissertation and a 5-minute presentation. The survey (N = 357) was completed by upper-elementary students who study in the Northern Great Plain region. The questionnaire found answers to the question of whether children are interested in space research, where they can get information about it, and what kind of school program they should be involved in related to this topic. The results of the questionnaire were processed using SPSS software, and we calculated basic statistics (mean, standard deviation) and correlation analysis (independent t-test, chi-squared distribution) too. The research confirmed that children are interested in the topic, but we were able to show a significant difference in the motivation of boys and girls during school programs. These are worth considering for teachers who organize school programs so they can reach children even more effectively in this topic. Girls can be addressed with the utility of space exploration, drawing and crafts classes, and lectures, while boys can be addressed with online games.
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MOTIVATIONS OF MENTOR CANDIDATES PARTICIPATING IN THE LET’S TEACH FOR HUNGARY MENTOR PROGRAM’S PREPARATION COURSE
21-41Views:660The present study focuses on the role of mentoring in education. The topic of mentoring has increasingly got into the focus of researchers in recent years (Bencsik és Juhász, 2017).In accordance with international practice, the role of mentors in Hungarian public education institutions has become more valuable. In proportion to recognizing its role in education, different mentoring programs have emerged in each type of school. In the present study, our orientation is specifically aimed at the students of the Teach for Hungary Mentoring Program in Debrecen, in order to map the aspects of the motivations of the student mentor candidates in Debrecen. Among other things, we are curious about their emotional and cognitive attitude toward mentoring, and we are interested in the extent (or lack thereof) of their commitment to mentoring. Our aim is to explore, what influences the final decision among students to become a mentor (material, mental resource, etc.) and how these factors interact/relate to each other. In the spring semester of the 2018/2019 academic year, we conducted our research with 151 young students who took part in a theoretical course to become a mentor. The foundation of our research is the questionnaire created by Ceglédi, Szűcs, Hüse, and Berényi (2019), and that form was filled in by a student who applied for a TMO1 course at the beginning of the 2019/20 academic year. Nearly 50% of respondents decided to commit themselves to mentoring, and the other 50% did not undertake mentoral activity for some reason. Based on our results, it can be said that assistance and financial support in the form of scholarship were the main motivating factors for mentors, but the latter was important mainly for male students, nor had the financial aspect primary importance for students with a disadvantaged background in the development of motivation. According to our conclusions, commitment and strong internal motivations play an important role in mentoring, while financial benefits in the form of external motivation can be secondary, but also play an important role in motivation.
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The Challenges of School Meals in Autism Spectrum Disorders
143-156Views:339Children with autism experience significantly more feeding difficulties compared to their neurotypical peers, which may lead to long-term health risks. School meals for children with autism remain an under-researched area, despite their crucial role not only in nutritional intake but also in the development of social skills, especially for students who require sensory-sensitive and structured environments. These challenges place an increasing burden on families, healthcare systems, and educational institutions. This study aims to propose inclusive and supported school-based practices that promote healthy eating habits and social integration, based on existing literature and empirical experiences, while considering individual needs. A literature review was conducted to identify studies published between 2018 and 2025 that focused primarily on the school eating habits of autistic children and, secondarily, of children with other neurodevelopmental disorders. Using predefined keywords, six relevant studies were selected, which examined eating behaviors, dietary diversity, and influencing factors. Several studies confirm that the eating habits of autistic children can be improved through various interventions, which support the acceptance of new foods, reduce challenging behaviors, and facilitate better adaptation to the school environment. School meals for children with autism present a complex challenge that goes beyond dietary needs, encompassing sensory sensitivities, social interactions, and environmental conditions. A well-structured and supportive school meal program can reduce stress, promote the acceptance of new foods, and enhance students' integration into mealtime settings.
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Etymology, Cosmology, and Marine Stewardship: The Socio-Ecological Significance of Hygeralai in Luang Island
63-77Views:128This study examines hygeralai as a system of knowledge and socio-ecological governance practiced by the Indigenous community of Luang Island, Southwest Maluku, within the broader context of global climate change and increasing coastal development pressures. Against the backdrop of rising sea temperatures and ocean acidification that significantly affect coastal ecosystems, the study positions hygeralai not merely as a customary tradition, but as a normative and cosmological framework that structures sustainable human–nature relations. The research employs a qualitative ethnographic design grounded in ecological anthropology and the socio-ecological systems (SES) framework. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, documentation, and spatial analysis using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Sampling followed the principle of data saturation, reaching a saturation level exceeding 90%. Data analysis proceeded through domain, taxonomic, componential, and thematic stages to identify the normative, ecological, and social dimensions embedded in hygeralai practices. The findings indicate that hygeralai is rooted in linguistic transformation and local cosmology that conceptualize the sea as both a sacred domain and a communal resource. The system regulates seasonal harvesting closures and openings, restricts fishing gear, and institutionalizes collective responsibility for maintaining ecological balance. Coral reef conditions in the Luang region, including Metiamarang Island, remain relatively healthy, characterized by low levels of degradation and high biodiversity. Nevertheless, ecosystem sustainability faces internal challenges, such as unstructured waste management, as well as external threats including illegal fishing, destructive fishing practices, and the impacts of global climate change. The study demonstrates that hygeralai represents a spiritually grounded environmental ethic integrating historical, linguistic, and ecological dimensions within a community-based governance system. It contributes to the development of marine resource management models for Indonesia’s outermost small islands by emphasizing the integration of local knowledge, institutional support, and adaptive policy responses to global environmental change.
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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DISABILITY ATTITUDE FORMATION PROGRAMS THAT CAN BE USED IN PUBLIC EDUCATION
65-80Views:511Social sensitization created in an organized form can be an extremely powerful tool for society to become more accepting of different disabilities, and all of these can also support the more effective social integration of people with disabilities. Rejection or distancing can mostly be the result of a lack of information, so if society gets more insight and information about all this, a higher degree of acceptance can be assumed. In recent decades, the number of programs and events that set this goal has increased spectacularly. Based on the conclusions of international attitude surveys, it can be formulated as an essential variable the quality and quantity of information the respondent has about the given group, whether there is a person with a disability in his microenvironment, whether he has already established an interaction with them, and also the impulses received from the immediate environment, the family values can be an influencing factor. The foreign research on the subject also points out that attitude formation started at an early age can be really effective, and that the impulses received in institutional education can largely determine the attitude of students towards their peers with disabilities. After summarizing the international and domestic attitude research, an analysis of sensitization programs available in Hungary within the framework of institutional education, which may be suitable for shaping attitudes towards disability, was carried out with the help of a system of criteria compiled along these lines. The aspects of the analysis include how many types of disabilities are included, which age group the program is suitable for, with what intensity and how many times participation is possible, the nature of the knowledge transfer, and whether it is possible to come into contact with a disabled person, thus giving the opportunity to gather personal experience. The aim of the analysis is to compare the available programs with the results of foreign attitude surveys to identify the most optimal and widely applicable sensitization programs.
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Social Vulnerability in Post-Conflict Maluku, Indonesia: A Sociological Perspective
79-89Views:121The Maluku region constitutes one of Indonesia’s post-conflict areas that continues to experience long-term social consequences. The conflict not only resulted in physical destruction but also generated enduring social vulnerability manifested in fragmented social relations, weakened intergroup trust, and limited access to social and educational resources. This article aims to analysed the dynamics of post-conflict social vulnerability in Maluku from a sociological perspective, emphasizing how local communities interpret, experience, and respond to these conditions in their everyday social lives. The study employs a qualitative approach with a case study design, drawing on in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation of community-based social and customary practices. Data were analysed through thematic and narrative approaches to capture the interconnections between conflict memory, social structure, and community-based recovery mechanisms. The findings indicate that post-conflict social vulnerability in Maluku is structural, relational, and historical in nature; however, it does not entirely incapacitate the community’s social capacity. Customary institutions and community relations play a significant role in rebuilding social cohesion, facilitating social inclusion, and transmitting intergenerational peace values. These findings underscore that post-conflict recovery does not rely solely on formal state interventions, but also on the strength of local social and cultural practices and historical consciousness. This study contributes to the development of post-conflict sociology and the sociology of social inclusion by highlighting the importance of community-based approaches in understanding and managing social vulnerability.
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A Well-Being Study of Families Raising Young Children in the Roma Segregated Area of Hajdúböszörmény
19-32Views:311As part of a grant-funded inclusion program, we conducted a lifestyle survey and needs assessment among 241 individuals of Roma identity in Hajdúböszörmény. This study included the WHO’s five-item well-being questionnaire. The study also provides an overview of well-being research in Hungary. Based on our research findings, we believe patterns from previous generations for families raising young children can be a source of strength, even in role model selection. In contrast, for families not currently raising young children, a sense of trust in the future can contribute to higher well-being levels among those living in segregated areas. We found that raising young children is generally associated with a higher level of well-being, which can be further reinforced by younger age, higher educational attainment, stable work income with optimal workload, and the location of the residence. We emphasize that promoting well-being requires a holistic approach, broad social cooperation, and a more equitable system that balances opportunities. Our research helps to understand the multifaceted nature of well-being, contributing to the identification of challenges and the search for solutions.
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THE BODY: INSIDE AND OUTSIDE
51-57Views:248The reality of the child's life is through bodily experience. The early-motion reflex correction program builds on body experiences. It is very important for the body to move consciously, feelings, body experiences, and feedback are important. According to Fodorné, it is not generally necessary to provide an ingenious environment but to develop sound stimulation programs during motion development. Progress should be considered in a dynamic system approach. The system is part of the whole personality of the child, physical and mental abilities, personal and physical environments, etc. The absence, multitude, excess, and unpredictable imbalance of the stimulus can have consequences. The theories of phenomenological thinkers, neuroscience, INPP movement, and psychology research are analyzed.
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THE PEDAGOGICAL EXPERIMENT OF MONTESSORI-CONDUCTIVE EDUCATIONAL PRACTICE 2000-2003
11-23Views:764The researchers call Montessori's pedagogy developer or development pedagogy. In the past decade, in Hungary, it appeared as a development pedagogy in the pedagogical practice. The conductive education is a special, complex pedagogical method [6] because it takes into consideration special educational needs in planning and implementation. We can view Mária Montessori's method as a development pedagogical method because it's suitable for children with special educational needs. Her pedagogical work began with children with intellectual disabilities. The Montessori development method has not yet occurred in conductive education. With our research, we wanted to broaden the use of the Montessori method in the practice of special education and development pedagogy. We wanted to confirm the similarity and difference of the holistic approach of the two doctor-pedagogues. It's explicable with Pető's holistic approach, why didn't entrust the development of perception, speech, motion, and communication difficulties to people working in different places and time. We introduced the Montessori conductive educational practice experimentally in the semesters of 2000-2003 and 2007-2008, in accordance with the student's college education. The purpose of the program was to demonstrate the practical application of the elements of the two methods and their coordinated operation.
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Program of the 9th 'Special Treatment’ International Interdisciplinary Conference
145-183Views:218On behalf of the Faculty of Education for Children and Special Educational Needs of the University of Debrecen (Hungary), and the Editorial Board of the Journal of Special Treatment [Különleges Bánásmód] we kindly invite you to our International Scientific Conference.
Date of the conference: 12 April 2023
Conference venue:
University of Debrecen
Faculty of Education for Children and Special Educational Needs,
4032, Hajdúböszörmény (Hungary), Désány str, 1-9.The conference program can be read in the study.
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WAYS FOR UNDERSTANDING MENTALLY HANDICAPPED ADULTS - VOLUNTARY COFFEE SHOP SERVING AS A POSSIBLE ALTERNATIVE
89-96Views:320This paper focuses on pedagogical attendance especially bringing adults with mental disabilities into action. Based on the method of observation, it presents the mentoring preparation procedure that reveals to the reader what sort of support is needed to make individuals with disabilities capable of doing successful labor activity. The main goal of the program is to introduce individuals with limited abilities to sound members of society through voluntary work and make them accepted. It draws attention not only to the positive increments but also to the very negatives that must be worked at by specialists who have a true calling to the profession of pedagogical attendance.
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Leisure Activities and Preferences of Students Participating in Adaptive Physical Education
7-18Views:66The aim of the study was to explore the leisure time habits of students participating in adapted physical education and to examine the underlying dimensions of leisure preferences and their socio-demographic relationships. The questionnaire-based survey involved parents of 202 students from Debrecen. Data analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics 31. Factor analysis was applied to identify the underlying dimensions of leisure activities, while non-parametric statistical tests were used to examine the relationships between background variables and the identified factors. The results revealed three distinct factors: cultural, digital, and sport-oriented leisure activities. Significant relationships were found between cultural and sport-oriented leisure activities and parental educational level as well as financial status, while digital leisure activities were primarily associated with gender and age. The findings highlight that the leisure habits of students participating in adapted physical education are significantly influenced by socio-demographic factors. From a practical perspective, the study may contribute to the development of health promotion and educational programs supporting active and healthy leisure activities among children and adolescents.
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RECRUITMENT AND FUTURE ORIENTATION OF DISADVANTEGED CHILDREN
21-38Views:691In Hungary, many children live in state care. In order to curb its social reproduction, it is important to see recruitment: Who are they? Where and why did they get into state care? We have to deal with the future vision, motivation, self-efficacy, cause-attribution, social integration of young people, and their ideas about them. The aim of our research is to explore the differences in the future orientation of disadvantaged young people living in orphanages and families, which were measurable by analyzing their study average, by using a vision questionnaire and a self-report questionnaire to reveal family background, and by using the Tenessee self-image scale. The study involved 60 children and young adults living in an orphanage and 60 children and young adults living in a family. Both groups consist of young people aged between 15 and 20, born between 1999 and 2004. The aim of the study was to compare the future orientation of the disadvantaged children living in an orphanage with the also disadvantaged children attending Arany János Talent Care Program but living in a family, and also to identify the differences or similarities between them. The statistical analysis found that there was a positive correlation between the vision questionnaire and the background questionnaire. Most of the questions in the two questionnaires are related.
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OPPORTUNITY, CHALLENGE OR OBSTACLE? THE INTEGRATIONAL FUNCTIONS OF PUBLIC EDUCATION - INTERNATIONAL OUTLOOK AND HUNGARIAN SITUATION
5-21Views:399In our paper, those international processes are studied which determine the role and effectiveness of public education in the international and Hungarian context. We try to examine what globalization processes the school fits into; what positive or negative confirmation the interventions cause in the education system. In the Hungarian situation besides the segregation and integration, the selectivity of the education system can be also seen and is also shown in the study. The paradigm shifts in public education, the role of the inclusive school are presented through the Hungarian integration efforts. To sum up, an implemented integration program is also introduced where the experts’ efforts are put in the center of the topic.
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FROM STUDENTS' PEN: EXPERIENCES OF STUDY-TOURS OF ERASMUS + AND CAMPUS MUNDI
67-84Views:205The paper is written by Social Pedagogy, Infant and Early Childhood Educator or Early Childhood Education BA students of the Faculty of Education for Children and Special Education of the University of Debrecen who took part in Erasmus+ and/or Campus Mundi mobility programs (study or traineeship) between 2014 and 2017. The students give a brief summary of their positive and negative experiences as well in Barcelona (Spain), Tallinn (Estonia), Is-Swatar (Malta), Plymouth (United Kingdom), Cluj Napoca, and Oradea (Romania), and Wrasowice (Poland).
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NURSERY SERVICES BEYOND PRIMARY CARE, SUPPORTING FAMILY EDUCATION IN HUNGARY
91-100Views:650In the present study, we present the activities of Hungarian nursery services focusing on supporting families. Our research is based on a questionnaire survey carried out between March and June 2018. We used the database of the Hungarian Association of Nurseries that includes 1225 nursery schools in Hungary and we sent the online questionnaire to each of these institutions. We received answers from 289 institutions which are 23.6% of the nurseries in the database. The aim of the research: is to examine the changing system of nurseries and to present the family support services beyond the basic nursery services in Hungary. As a result of the research, it can be concluded that the basic program of nurseries allows for the provision of other family support services in addition to the basic care and education tasks, but this is not extended to nursery services.
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Research of Factors Influencing the Physical Activity Components of 14-18 Year Old Secondary School Students in Hajdúböszörmény
111-124Views:527Over the past decade and a half, the number of studies exploring the characteristics of physical activity has increased significantly. Many scientific papers have already highlighted the positive effects of regular physical activity. In our research, we conducted an age and gender representative study of secondary school students in Hajdúböszörmény, taking into account external and internal factors influencing physical activity. We used a questionnaire survey (N=302). The questions examined, in addition to sociodemographic data, the components of physical activity, its external and internal motivational background. We used a statistical analysis program (SPSS Statistics 25.0) to organise the questionnaire data and performed the appropriate statistical tests. External factors influencing physical activity (effects of educational institutions, parental pattern, friendship pattern, income, housing, amount of leisure time) were interpreted in relation to gender and age groups within the age group, using a self-made questionnaire. The PALMS (Physical Activity and Leisure Motivation Scale) questionnaire was used to map intrinsic motivational factors (physical fitness, physical appearance, psychological well-being, personal development, social relationships, expectations of others, enjoyment, competition with others) affecting secondary school students. In our research, we looked for correlations between different motivational factors and an individual's physical activity. Identifying the extrinsic motives for physical activity is desirable to increase the effectiveness of preventive physical activity programmes. The results suggest that the effects of time spent in educational institutions (primary and secondary school) have only a small influence on the physical activity of the population studied, which may be a warning sign for professionals working in the field of physical education. The characteristics of the study sample are in line with the results of national surveys (physical activity levels, gender differences). In terms of motivational factors, it can be concluded that improving health (especially physical health) is a priority, which is particularly important as the past years have had a negative impact on the physical activity of the population of Hajdúböszörmény. The rejection of external factors is a general phenomenon, which can also be explained by the age characteristics of the persons surveyed, and may be related to a high degree of autonomy.
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Report on the 10th International Interdisciplinary Conference about Special Treatment
157-161Views:534The 10th International Interdisciplinary Conference on Special Treatment was held on April 24–26, 2025, at the Faculty of Child Education and Special Education of the University of Debrecen (venue: DE GYGYK, Hajdúböszörmény, Désány Street 1–9). The three-day jubilee event was organized by the Faculty of Child Education and Special Education of the University of Debrecen in collaboration with the Editorial Board of the Special Treatment Journal. The Conference “Project no. MEC_SZ_24_149060 has been implemented with the support provided by the Ministry of Culture and Innovation of Hungary from the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund, financed under the MEC_SZ_24 funding scheme.” This report provides a detailed account of the conference events.
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REGION, RELIGION AND POLITICS PRESENTED ON RADIO BY PROFESSOR MANDICA MANJA KOVAČEVIĆ, PH.D.
111-119Views:313Doctor Mandica Manja Kovačević (1929–2011) was a professor at several Croatian teacher training colleges (Čakovec, Kutina, and Gospić) and the author of three books and some 60 papers in various journals. She moderated a weekly ten-minute program for the local radio station in Gospić in the first decade of the 21st century. Thus, more than 300 radio contributions were produced, of which seventy were published in the book “Life on the Highest Wave” (Gospić, 2010). By researching and presenting phonographic recordings not included in the aforementioned book, this paper focused on the topics dealing with the affairs from the Croatian society in the first decade of the 21 century serving as an original sample by means of which Professor Kovačević had presented her personal views and attitudes resulting from life experience and local and traditional expectations. Professor Kovečević’s original reviews have attracted the attention of a large number of listeners because they have been able to find answers to questions that are usually contemplated by a contemporary man torn apart between existential challenges and spiritual search.