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Prediction of FLD using Abaqus and Gurson Model for Simple Flat Spacemen
32-44Views:104In the past century, in many industries, such as, metal forming industry, it has been important to predict ductile damage and fracture of metals under complex loadings. Regarding damage mechanics, one of the most classical models is the GTN, which was originated from Gurson and later enhanced by Tvergaard and Needleman. The inprovement was achieved by introducing an equivalent void volume fraction f and two more parameters called q1 and q2 into the yield function of Gurson’s model.
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The Observation of Natural Analogies and Their Use in Design
27-32Views:116According to, Thomas Heatherwick, who was an English architecture, ‘The biggest object is a building’. [1] Nature has phenomenal problem solving skills – ‘Nature knows it better’. It has an impact on us and on our subconscious.
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Neural Network Based Enveloping Model of Agricultural Tyre
214-222Views:87The vibration properties of agricultural tractor’s tyres significantly influence its response in terms of the exposure of the human operator to mechanical vibrations, which is still one of the key problems in the design and exploitation of tractors. The behaviour of the tyre in this sense is significantly influenced by the mechanism ofgeometric filtering of the short-wavelength unevenness of the unprepared ground mostly encountered by tractor during in-field operations. Herein, this aspect of tyre behaviour was studied with tyre rolling quasistatically over singular obstacle. Based on experimental results, neural network based model of tyre enveloping behaviour was developed. Main model properties are high computational efficiency, simplicity regarding number of input quantities and absence of the need for explicit parametrization etc. Main shortcomings of modelling approach used are high developing effort, labour-intensive experimental preparations and lack of flexibility regarding tyre design and operating parameters
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Applicability of Optimization Methods in the Design of Automotive Rubber Products
358-363Views:154Size, shape or topology optimization are widely used to fulfil the requirements in the design process of rubber products. In many cases, the shape of the product is very complex and comes into contact with other components during operation. It is commonly subjected to large deformation for which the rubber shows strongly nonlinear behaviour. For this complex problem analytical solution is not available, thus finite element method could be used in which the analysis running is a time consuming process. The object of my research is to compare the efficiency and computational cost of different optimization algorithms. This article focuses on the applicability of various optimization methods in the field of automotive rubber goods. Direct search optimization and surrogate model optimization methods will be introduced.
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Digitalization of Ancient Sculpting Models and 3D Design Using Photogrammetry Methodology
458-465Views:167The digitization of ancient sculptures is particularly relevant and necessary in relation to the preservation of the cultural heritage. And the studied ancient models have their unique identity in terms of their visual and functional qualities. In parallel, the study aims to optimize the technological process related to photogrammetric measurements and calculations, technological tools and specialized software applications such as Autodesk ReCap, Blender and MeshMixer. The used models in the article are for re-presentation of popular ancient models & artifacts from city of Varna (by the ancient name Odessos). By using a 3D print device, one of the resulting digitized models of an ancient angel will materialize by applying specific techniques to redesign its geometry. The completed 3D printed item of re-designed model of ancient stone angel is only for personal and non-comercial use. One of the main point in the article is to show advanced computer techniques for teaching and studying. The information in this article has been built for helping other specialist working in digital field regarding photogrammetry. Also the material can be useful for designers, engineers, archaeologists and others in their work for the publicity of ancient treasures.
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Design an Opening Force Measuring Device for Balancing Clips
220-225Views:129This paper deals with the development of a force measuring device to determine the opening force of different types of balancing clips. These elements can be used in the impellers of ventilators to rebalance the rotor. The measuring device contains a commercially available beam type load cell. The data processing is performed by Arduino Nano development platform with a 24-bit sigma delta A/D converter. The device is well applicable to determine the opening force of the clips in different opening distances.
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Designing of Lab-scale Anaerobic Digester Equipped with Maxblend Impeller to Evaluate Effect of Mixing on Anaerobic Digestion
404-413Views:159Operational parameters can be easily controlled at lab scale experiments for an anaerobic digestion process. Our aim is to design a lab-scale digester equipped with an impeller to investigate how the geometry of impeller and different mixing modes effect the biogas yield of digester. Further, the methods of measuring the gas volume, gas composition, mixing intensity, torque, temperature are discussed in this article. The assembling of 4 liters digester is described which can be operated at various operating parameters which control the anaerobic digestion process. Mixing is very important to enhance efficiency of an anaerobic digester. To attain mixing Maxblend impeller is used in this lab-scale digester due to its better performance for mixing and power consumption. Various design consideration has been described.
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The Influence of the Boundary Conditions on the Buckling of Thin-walled Cans during Manufacturing
41-50Views:94In this paper the effect of the boundary conditions on the stability of thin-walled aerosol cans under axial pressure is investigated. The main objective is to outline the main characteristics of this highly nonlinear mechanical problem and to present methods to simulate the buckling of cans with different boundary conditions. Due to the numerical difficulties coming from the contact between the can and different components of the machines, the effect of the different supports of the can is investigated on the crushing (or buckling) force at which the loss of stability occurs. The commercial finite element software Abaqus is used to solve the problems and to present the efficiency of FE codes in the design process of cans.
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Maintenance from the Work Safety Point of View
190-196Views:137Deterioration of the technical condition of plant equipment is a common phenomenon nowadays. According to the experience of authorities, all this contributes to the occurrence of malfunctions and accidents. Plants that operate with an inadequate conservation strategy are now nearing the end of their design life, thus posing an increased accident risk. Aging processes are often accelerated by the operator's underestimation of the effects of equipment stress and the extent of deterioration mechanisms, and the consequent inadequate design and operation of condition monitoring and maintenance procedures. The aim of our work is to examine trends in the light of modern maintenance optimization methods and, in connection with this, to make proposals for the optimization of maintenance scheduling for employers.
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Exhaust System Muffler Volume Optimization of Light Commercial passenger Car Using Transfer Matrix Method
132-138Views:191Nowadays, the automotive industry is focused on weight and size reduction. Main advantage of this weight and size reduction are improving the fuel economy. The specific fuel consumption of a vehicle can be improved through e.g. downsizing area of heat loss, if we focus on vehicle with weight reduction. Weight reduction can be done by replacing material or by changing the size (dimensions) of components. In the present work we have focused on Audi A6 muffler, troubleshooting and optimizing the muffler by changing pipe length of inlet and outlet, also by replacing the original mesh plate to porous pipe. Based on optimization, prototype has been built with the help of 3D design tool CATIA V5 and the calculations of transmission loss (TL) have been performed by MATLAB. Plane wave-based models such as the transfer matrix method (TMM) can offer fast initial prototype solutions for muffler designers. The principles of TMM for predicting the transmission loss of a muffler was used. Result of this present study of an existing muffler has been analysed and then compared with vehicle level test observation data. Noise level have been optimized for new muffler design. Other literatures were played significant rule for validate our results.
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Direct Optimization of an Automotive Sheet Metal Part Using ANSYS
134-142Views:443Optimization of automotive parts nowadays is mainly used to design lightweight and cost-effective vehicle parts in order to improve the cost and efficiency. In this research, a sheet metal part was taken into consideration and optimized using direct optimization module in ANSYS to evaluate the process. An initial Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was done on the sheet metal part by adding forces and constraints in order to initiate direct optimization. The purpose of the optimization is to minimize the mass of the sheet metal part and maintaining a certain Factor of Safety (FOS) by automatically modifying the sheet thickness and the dimension of the side holes. As a result, the best candidate point with 23% mass reduction was found which complied with FOS value was selected for optimal geometry.
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Experimental Study of Connections with Hardwood Studs
26-34Views:140Attitude change is needed in design of timber structures. Truss girder made of timber elements wi th small cross sections can be used on large spans. Constructing structures with the use of these prefabricated trusses reduces the need of in-site work, and makes the use of ti mber structures economic. Rods of truss can be connected with the use of hardwood stud. On this way all steel components can be eliminated from the truss, so it can be used in aggressive environment as well. Dowel type connection, with hard wood stud is the subject of the present research. Hardwood studs were investigated individually and also as the part of separated connections of the truss girder.
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What is worth knowing about the establishment from a work safety point of view
24-31Views:126Under establishment, we mean the process that results in the creation of a new unit (eg factory, plant, office, etc.), a workplace or an existing one what will be renewed, expanded or restructured, or installed; installed on a machine, plant, appliance, whether or not for productive or non-productive purposes. It is generally true that the design, construction, use and subsequent operation of workplaces, facilities, technology, materials, energy, personal protective equipment; production, distribution, import, transportation, movement, use and use of workplaces; in the absence of these, the requirements of the scientific-technical standard can be expected. An employer, operator, and service provider must adapt to market conditions. Accordingly, it should monitor the expectations of customers, business partners, market changes, trends to adapt to expectations, and therefore constantly develop their products, services, produce reliable quality, ensure that quality meets the market expectations providing personal and material conditions to ensure that employees can effectively and safely meet market expectations. The recognized business perception of the employer is to accomplish the above, the objectives to be achieved must be formulated, priority should be given to the potential risks (with particular regard to occupational safety risks) to be measured, measures to be taken to ensure effectiveness, short-, medium- and long-term planning, investment.
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Design of Manufacturing Process of Mould for Die Casting by EDM Technology with the Computer Aided
57-63Views:211At present, we cannot imagine a modern production process without computer support. At the same time, its integral part is the implementation of advanced and highly sophisticated production processes and technologies. Their aim is first and foremost to ensure quality production of products with high economic efficiency of the production process. EDM technology is one of the currently active progressive technologies. This is a technology that in practice is characterized by high product quality. The high quality of products not only through this progressive technology, but also other, whether conventional or progressive, is difficult to achieve without computer support. The aim of the paper is therefore to demonstrate the process of manufacturing a die-casting mould using progressive EDM technology using computer support.
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COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Employees’ Physical Activity
72-84Views:786Globalization and the recent explosive development of technology have significantly changed people’s lifestyles resulting in an increase in the number of people living a sedentary lifestyle. COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the situation and created an unprecedented situation in the world. In the present study, we investigate changes in the physical activity and sedentary behavior of adult workers caused by the coronavirus epidemic. In our online cross-sectional research, we used snowball methodology. The target group of the survey was adult workers. 108 people filled in the questionnaire, the majority (73.1%) are women, the average age is 37.18 years and most of them have higher degrees (Diploma: 74%, PhD: 14%). The present study revealed a decrease in physical activity and an increase in sedentary time for the employees in our study. Despite respondents detected a decrease in their physical activity, an increase was reported in the proportion of online training participants. The majority of respondents partially, or totally switched to work from home during the pandemic, which may further increase their sedentary lifestyle. We did not find significant differences among the domain of work and leisure time or occupational physical activity patterns. The workplace is a great opportunity for promoting physical activity and reducing sedentary time in the adult working population, therefore it would be important for organizations, decision-makers and health professionals to work on the design of strategies to these goals.
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Longitudinal Dynamic Simulation Possibilities of Vehicles Using AVL Cruise M
743-748Views:250For creating vehicle dynamic simulations, in most cases, an appropriate software is required to help the dynamic model design. For this purpose several kinds of software are available in the market with different properties and user interfaces. In this article a leading simulation software of the market, AVL Cruise M, is shortly presented.
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Estimation of the Potential Runoff Quality Improvement as a Result of Applied Green Infrastructure Measures in a Hungarian Town
34-41Views:220Green infrastructure measures improves the quality of surface and subsurface waters along with increasing the water balance on the town level. The aim of the study is to estimate the potential runoff quality improvement by applying stormwater BMP-s along traffic roads in the town. This is of high priority in the aquifer protection area where runoff water may infiltrate into the aquifer carrying pollutants from the surface. Estimations are applied: first we determine the surface of traffic roads, then estimate the quantity of different kinds of pollutants accumulated on the surface and thirdly we estimate the expected performance of the applied green infrastructure elements based on findings in the literature. We determine the impervious urban surface area associated with transport-related functions within the protected drinking water recharge area using GIS technic using orthophotos. We estimate the expected reduction of runoff pollution assuming that stormwater BMP-s are applied in the area. The overall goal is to make the significance of diffuse pollution more obvious and enhance drinking water protection through taking diffuse pollution into consideration.
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Application of Additive Technology in Precision Casting
43-56Views:197In this paper the surface of the prepared test specimens had been examined with light microscopy and surface roughness measurements. In order to improve the surface smoothness of PLA specimens, application of ethyl acetate was required. After this surface treatment, microscopic images were taken again. The melting and decomposition temperatures of the materials had been determined using derivatography. The chosen method was precision casting with gypsum molding. Also, the plaster molds had been burnt out according to the predefined melting and firing diagram. The measurement series shows that the samples produced by 3D printing can also be used in the field of precision casting. They provide greater freedom of design, more sophisticated pieces, and prototypes can be finished in a shorter amount of time.
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Design and Implementation of BHN Testing Equipment To Measure Remaining Stress Of Wheelset Parts (Tie Rod and Stabilizer Bar)
337-341Views:194Nowadays in the automotive industry both production and service, requires accurate lifetime calculations. Today we have big amount of theoretical background and nowadays the importancy of technical and industrial databases become more and more important. By materials scientific and fracture mechanics aspects are well covered, but the remaining stresses which are present in every step of production, we can not clearly identify the origin of them. There are different paralell methods to mesure them, but the application of different methods are depending on the engineers, and their expreiences at the company. This part of the analysis is not standardised yet, so there are differences even in the same company.
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Practical Application of Methods in Strategy-Based Analyzes
59-72Views:484Increasing environmental volatility is a growing challenge for companies and businesses. The speed of economic events is changing, and the risk of uncertainty is increasing, requiring business to take a new approach to strategic planning. In the design and forming of their strategy, both the factors of the external and internal environment and the analysis of their competitors can be based on well-chosen methods. We consider the review of these methods, their application in planning and educational practice. The aim of our work, in which we present the methods that underpin the strategy applied in both domestic and international practice. The analysis of the external environment illustrates the construction and applicability of an external factor analysis matrix based on traditional PEST analysis and the Porter's five-factor model. In the case of internal factor analysis matrix, we focus on the approach of method choice, and on the applicable methods, the importance of the resource-based approach, the analysis of key factors and the Porter value chain analysis matrix. The third pillar of the analysis that underpins the strategy is the matrix-based assessment of competitors. The applicability of the methods depends on the form of the enterprise, the field of activity and the nature of its activities, which is complicated by the emergence of new economic spheres (e.g.: sharing) and transformed power relations.
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Finite Element Software for Rubber Products Design
13-20Views:308Automotive rubber products are subjected to large deformations during working conditions, they often contact with other parts and they show highly nonlinear material behavior. Using finite element software for complex analysis of rubber parts can be a good way, although it has to contain special modules. Different types of rubber materials require the curve fitting possibility and the wide range choice of the material models. It is also important to be able to describe the viscoelastic property and the hysteresis. The remeshing possibility can be a useful tool for large deformation and the working circumstances require the contact and self contact ability as well. This article compares some types of the finite element software available on the market based on the above mentioned features.
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Topology Optimization of Acetabular Cup by Finite Element Simulation
22-34Views:438Hip replacements typically consist of a four-part piece. Our research will focus primarily on the acetabular component. Several different types of materials can be used when creating a hip replacement implant ranging from plastic to titanium. Different materials are used to accommodate for allergic reactions or circumventing potential health risks. Aside from the material, the size of the components plays a factor in terms of durability; a larger diameter head might avoid dislodgement though it could increase wear and tear on the stems through constant friction. A patient’s force applied to the hip replacement is usually measured through a number of physical assessments. Finite element analysis (FEA), a computer-based method of data observation, allows for us to accurately simulate hip forces and their impact on the hip replacements. Through this, it becomes easier to predict and calculate the performance of specific designs. Generative systems can also be used to support performance analysis and optimization through assessing a multitude of cases, many of which apply in real-world scenarios. By applying both systems, we designed and modeled an acetabular cup that when measured decreased the mass from 129 grams initially down to 52 grams, a 60% decrease in total mass. Furthermore, the design we created lessened the trauma on the piece through distributing force across the entirety of the piece rather than specific segments only. This shows an increased durability and life expectancy when compared to usual acetabular cups.
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Composition basics and analysis of visual language of the product
381-385Views:106The analysis of the visual language of the product demands deeper analysis of the user’s profile and built behavioral patterns. There is an existing group of factors that have relatively constant nature - gender differentiation, age differentiation, belongingness to specific group – social status, place in hierarchy, race, religion, people with special needs, etc. The analysis of the visual language of the product can be done by analyzing the basic arsenal of the composition - the means of composing form shaping: scale –related to the correct size of the products and their components; proportions –associated with organizing the form plastical and visual order of the whole and its parts; contrast - related to the shape of the product, semantical or bounded to past experience; color –bounded to both formal characteristics and plasticity, as well as to contrast and its meaningful designation; plastic of the form - linked to the proportions and scale, which determines not only the structural and formal characteristics of the products, but also the meaningful reading of the forms. The analysis of the individual composite devices is demonstrated by Ingo Maurer’s lighting fixtures.
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Strategic Role of HR in Hungary and Slovakia, Based on the International Cranet Research (2015-2016)
478-489Views:328Western-European management trends have been spread including modern approaches to human resource management over the past decades in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The point of the new HR conception is the strategic partner role, which is underpinned by the appreciation of human resources. There was a rapid change in the management methods of the organizations due to the socio-economic changes in the examined countries. However, in many places the personnel departments were simply renamed, and their HR staff are still concentrating on their traditional activities. These activities are important and should be fulfilled today as well, but to play an influential role in the design and maintenance of organizational competitiveness HR should have a new, strategic attitude. The study examines HR's strategic role based on the empirical international Cranet research in Hungary and in Slovakia.
