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Inbound and Outbound Tourism in China: A Perspective Article
91-107Views:511The tourism industry in China has undergone significant changes due to globalization, technology, and changing consumer preferences. This perspective article, based on a systematic literature review, examines examines trends, challenges, and opportunities in inbound and outbound tourism in China, focusing on the industry's dynamism. Both inbound and outbound tourism have been negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has prompted new strategies and environmental adaptations. China has changed its priorities within the country to encourage domestic travel and support local firms. The rise in internationalisation and the growing middle class in China have led to an unprecedented rise in outbound travel. Chinese travellers are affecting travel habits and spending all around the world in the tourism sector. Language barriers, cultural differences, and safety concerns are some of the challenges that come with travelling abroad. To reach its full potential, China needs to adapt to the shifting global environment and take into account the specifications and preferences of both inbound and outgoing tourists.
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Polylactic Acid as a Potential Alternatives of Traditional Plastic Packagings in Food Industry
123-129Views:380Huge quantity of synthetic polymers is used as packaging materials in different fields of food industries. A significant part of these polymers applied as a primary, direct food contact construction. The scoped application area is the sweet industry. In this field Polystyrol (PS), Polypropylene (PP) and Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) have used but during the last fifteen years the usage of PET has been grown. In one hand the price of this material is efficient, form other hand the PET is the one of the most safe (for food industrial applications) petrol chemical plastic that can be used as primary or secondary food contact packaging material. To maximize the customer safety and minimize the environmental impact of traditional PET, a new bio-sourced and bio-degradable alternative polymer aimed to be used in this special food industrial segment. One of the potential alternatives is the Polylactic acid (PLA) that would be a possible substitute as it is compostable and produced from renewable sources and has good physical and mechanical properties [1].
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Possible ways of IP Commercialisation in the European Higher Education Ecosystem
56-74Views:248Strong links between universities, and companies can play crucial role in promoting taking into practice of ideas that drive the knowledge society, and in raising competitiveness and living standards. In academic terms of IP management, all activities aimed at sharing knowledge generated in research institutions as a knowledge transfer including scientific publishing, conference presentations, collaborative research with external partners, and contract-based clustering activities, such as licensing and spin-offs. In a narrower sense, the IP management means technology transfer is aimed at placing a given technology on the market, and includes any process by which the recovery partner becomes able to produce new products or services. IP with traditional university mission, values, and activities primarily focusing an active university role in entrepreneurship and contracts with private sector for IP commercialization. This paper gives a comprehensive overview about IP management in universities of the European Higher Education System including the following aspects: partnerships (licensing, industry collaborators); IP invention (disclosures, patenting); proof of concept research bridging the gap between lab discoveries and market application (highly innovative R&D to solve practical problems and commercialization research aiming patented technologies towards business exploitations) and commercialization (start-up incubators and strengthening the entrepreneurial attitudes and competencies). The methodology based on secondary research analysing EU, OECD, on-line literature sources and relevant, up-to date statistical data as well. The conclusions and recommendations based on this „desk research” work reflects the authors.
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Investigation of the Luxury Yachts Condition and Their Maintenance
95-105Views:221Surveying the condition of yachts and their maintenance is of great importance for their functionality and efficiency. Finding the right approaches, expertise at different levels, design benchmarking are essential for all yacht maintenance and security, resulting in crew and passenger safety. This report presents an evaluation and expertise in a real environment and documentation of decision-makers for the strength and functionality of a luxury motor yacht. For a good understanding of the problem, detailed photographic material has been documented showing in detail the required technical corrections. The research would be of interest to a wide range of yacht design and industry professionals, academic and research representatives, yacht users and all interested stakeholders.
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VET 4.0 and Vocational Teacher Training
12-23Views:173Vocational Teacher Training is a small but important element of the regional industrial development. Nowadays the state-of-the-art industrial organisations and processes generate new jobs and positions, and additionally, need new competences. To be able to establish the successful carrier of young professionals these requirements have to be taken into consideration. Teacher Training Programmes of Universities provide new generations of Teachers of Engineering and their approach will determine the nature of the teaching process at VET (Vocational Education and Training) schools. Universities have to adapt to the current requirements of the industry and have to support VET with updated curriculums and training methods.
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Digital Twin and Shadow in Smart Pork Fetteners
515-520Views:310This paper introduces our ongoing research in the field of smart livestock farming. The base idea in this research is to take some industry based concepts, and adapt them into agriculture. In Industry we live the fourth industrial revolution, which is not a technical, but an organization revolution. So in this concept there are two key ideas, which are digital twin, and digital shadow. This article is about creating digital twin and digital shadow of a modern pig fattener. These models are based on the literature, and are identified on the data shared in these. However, these models can’t be used on real systems before identifying them on the actual circumstances. At this stage of research only digital twin of the product was created, and only some aspects of it. This however can simulate an average porkers feed consumption, weight growth and calculate the weight on certain stages of breeding. Further development is ongoing and our target is to make a fully functional model of a pig fattener.
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Analysis of the Benefits of SAP S/4 HANA Cloud IT/Is Investment in the Case of PT XYZ
13-24Views:389PT XYZ is one of the largest telecommunication companies in Indonesia. In 2020, PT XYZ implemented a digital transformation to increase its excellence by investing in industry telecommunication and information systems (IT/IS) enterprise resource planning software called SAP (System Application and Processing) S/4 HANA Cloud. The study aims to analyze the benefits of these IT investments made in PT XYZ. The results are carried out using the Comparative Analysis of Financial Statements followed by Business Value and Financial Feasibility Analysis and the Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) method between 2018 and 2021. It can be revealed that the SAP S/4 Hana Cloud investment benefits the company's operations, which are identified in the form of 5 sub-categories that fall into required categories based on Ranti's Generic IT/IS Business Value.
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Utilisation and Quality Management of Power Plant Fly Ash
329-337Views:224Over the past decades, both the residential and industrial energy demand has increased due to the continuously growing consumption and production. As a large share of the electricity is still produced using fossil fuels, the utilisation of the by-products is a contemporary and pervasive issue. Fly ash is generated in large quantities in coal-fired power plants and has been proven to be an appropriate raw material for various industrial uses. Among others, it is applicable as an additive and lightweight aggregate in the cement and concrete industry, can be used for CO2 sequestration, glass foam production, catalyst production, or as a base material for geopolymers, as well. Geopolymers are inorganic polymers produced via the reaction between solid alumina and silica containing or alkali silicate materials in alkali media. Due to their numerous advantageous properties and wide variety of utilisation possibilities, research on fly ash base geopolymers became widespread topic. The quality of fly ash is determined by technical requirements, and the degree of quality control requirements depends on the final use. In certain fields of applications, standards and regulations have already been created to ensure the consistent quality of the final products made from fly ash, e.g. in the cement and concrete industry. There are various methods for fly ash processing, however, the methods to achieve the necessary properties are not standardised.
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Introduction to Design and Analysis of Torsional Vibration Dampers in Vehicle Industry
310-324Views:345The crankshaft of today’s internal combustion engines with high performance output are exposed to harmful torsional oscillations originated from the unbalanced gas and inertial forces. To avoid the fatigue damage of engine components, caused by the undesired vibrations, torsional vibration dampers can be applied. Viscodampers are one type of the torsional vibration dampers, which operational fluid is silicone oil. For cost-effective R&D activities and production, finite element and finite volume numerical discretization methods based calculation techniques must be involved into the engineering work supported by the modern computer technology. The aim of this paper is to provide an insight into the multidisciplinary design and development process of visco-dampers in vehicle industry applications. Four different examples as structural, fatigue, CFD analyses and structural optimization have been introduced in the present work. It turned out from the static structural and fatigue analyses, that the investigated damper has safety factor over the limit for both static structural and fatigue analyses, so it is suitable for the given load conditions. In the structural optimization process 34.36% mass reduction has been achieved. According to the coupled fluid dynamic and heat transfer simulations a rather stagnating air zone evolved between the engine and the damper during the operation, which can cause efficiency reduction of cooling fins mounted onto the housing. In light of the numerical results, the suitable damper position has been determined for the highest heat transfer.
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Manufacturing Process Optimization and Tool Condition Monitoring in Mechanical Engineering
72-89Views:201The optimization of manufacturing and production processes with various computer software is essential these days. Solutions on the market allow us to optimize and improve our manufacturing and production processes; one of the most popular software is called Tecnomatrix, which is described in this paper. Tool condition monitoring is a vital part of the manufacturing process in the industry. It requires continuous measurement of the wear of the cutting tool edges to improve the surface quality of the work piece and maintain productivity. Multiple methods are available for the determination of the actual condition of the cutting tool. Vibration diagnostics and acoustic methods are included in this paper. These methods are simple, it requires only high sensitive sensors, microphones, and data acquisition unit to gather the vibration signal and make signal improvement. Extended Taylor equation is applied for tool edge wear ratio. Labview and Matlab software are applied for the measurement and the digital signal processing. Machine learning method with artificial neural network is for the detection and prediction of the edge wear to estimate the remaining useful lifetime (RUL) of the tool.
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Long Container Dwell Time at Seaport Terminals: An Investigation Study from a Consignee Perspective
Views:498Many companies are concerned about the problem of increasing average dwell time for their import containers at the port of the final destination and therefore incurring additional shipping costs in form of demurrage charges for the port administration and detention charges for the shipping line. Previous studies have addressed this topic by analyzing terminal operations and evaluated its effects on port productivity and competitiveness; however few studies have explicitly explored long container dwell time causes from a consignee perspective. This research aims to identify the causes of long dwell time for the import containers at port storage yards for one of the leading FMCG companies in Jordan. To that end, the data of import containers whose stay at the terminal exceeded the free storage days in the period between 2019 and 2020 were collected by referring to the set of shipping documents and reviewing the correspondences between the consignee and other parties in the supply chain. Based on the timelines that have been analyzed for each case of delay to the collection of shipping documents in consideration with the payment terms, as well as the clearance and delivery timelines, ten causes for the long container dwell time have been identified and classified into three main categories according to the types of flow in the supply chain; five causes related to information flow, two causes related to cash flow, and three causes related to physical flow. The impact of these causes has been evaluated using the demurrage and detention charges as a measure indicator and the findings of this research have also revealed that the causes related to cash flow have a greater impact than the other types of causes.
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Battery Measurement Methods and Artificial Intelligence Applied in Energy Management Systems
428-436Views:156Diagnostics of batteries using advanced methods have gained remarkable roles in the past few years. This study focuses on the type of measurements, tests and methods to reveal and classify them. During manufacturing and operation several faults could emerge in batteries including non-optimal operation conditions, operators without experience, and finally, random changes in batteries under physical and nonphysical conditions. Improper handling of batteries and battery cells man cause operation failures or, in the worst case, accidents. To reveal these problems several methods are applied in industry and in scientific laboratories. For a comprehensive analysis of battery management, artificial intelligence and Industry 4.0 methods can be used very effectively. Big Data analysis in its standard form is not a new achievement, but other mathematical tools could be applied to control monitoring such as Fuzzy Logic or Support Vector Machine (SVM). They are efficient tools to analyse the deviation of batteries condition because it can detect sudden changes, parameter deviations and anomalies, and the user’s behaviour and habits. This article gives a description about the most important battery testing methods and the connection between Big Data and Operation Management with Artificial Intelligent (AI) methods.
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Examining the employees and sectors of the economy according to the digital competence in the EU memeber states
344-357Views:279In this study, the challenges of digital development and its sectoral effects were examined between 2015 and 2017 in the EU Member States, based on data of OECD, Eurostat, and the World Bank. The connection between the countries' digital development and sector dominance was analyzed. I found - in line with international research - that in countries that belong to the developed group, the high value-added service sector is dominant. The statistics of developing countries’ supported the assumption, that industry is the engine of the economy. The analysis of the underdeveloped countries revealed that agriculture and industry are the most important sectors compared to other countries. Measuring the demand of developed countries for ICT professionals, I examined the relationship of individuals with different digital competencies to one kind of self-education. In line with international research, my database showed that digitally unskilled people are the least likely to take advantage of online courses. As a continuation of the research, it would be worthwhile to carry out this study in other economic areas as well. Especially in areas where salaries for high-digital occupations do not differ significantly between countries in the region.
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Examining Used and Sportswear Supply Chain Strategy and Indicators
86-98Views:243The following study presents the supply chain strategy of a second-hand and sportswear company in Hungary. The study discusses the main tasks of supply logistics, the level of logistics service, the main determining elements of the level of logistics service, and the measurement of customer satisfaction. From the first step of the process, we can fully follow the processes until the last activity. We can learn in detail about the sub-processes, such as: types of clothing collection, sourcing, warehousing, selection, disassembly, processing, receipt of goods and sales. The aim of the study is to make the processes more transparent for everyone.
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A Selective Study: Camels Analysis of Indian Private Sector Banks
277-283Views:157Banking sector is one of the fastest growing sectors in India. Today’s banking sector becoming more complex. Evaluating Indian banking sector is not an easy task. There are so many factors, which need to be taken care while differentiating good banks from bad ones. Performance evaluation of the banking sector is an effective measure and indicator to check the soundness of economic activities of an economy. The contribution of RBI and other policy maker, the banking industry has witnessed regulatory requirements like BASEL III norms. These regulatory changes have influenced prominent improvement in efficiency and performance of the Indian Scheduled Commercial Banks in the past few years. In the present study an attempt was made to evaluate the performance & financial soundness of select Private Sector Banks like ICICI,HDFC AND YES bank using CAMEL approach from 2013 to 2017 as well one way anova method. It is observed that on an average ICICI was at the top most position. It is also observed that yes Bank was at the bottom most position in selected CAMEL ratios.
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Application of drones in solving EHS tasks
296-303Views:217Drones or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or unmanned aerial systems (UAS) are unmanned aerial vehicles without pilot and passenger on board. These tools have been used primarily in the military, but have now grown significantly in applications including industrial use, services, disaster management, and the civilian sector. We briefly introduce the most important classification criteria for drones. In addition, in this study, we have collected the uses that the industry and the EHS sector can or will use in the future. We mention the most important drone-mounted and mountable accessories that can be used by users for their specific tasks.
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Measurement of Friction Losses of Electro-Pneumatical Valves with Industrial Devices
68-72Views:98The pneumatic devices are frequently used in several fields of the industry but the losses and pressure
drops of the pneumatic system are not really investigated. These losses can cause great property damages during long uptime because the compressed air is a quite expensive energy source. I designed a measuring system which is able to measure the friction losses of electro-pneumatic 5/2-way valves (monostable and bistable too). It is possible to choose between manual and automatic operation modes as well. In the automatic mode the system makes measurements in three different user-defined pressure levels. In the manual mode the measuring pressure can be set between 2-6 bars. An automatic evaluate program is also an important part of the created system. It gives the possibility of the fast evaluation of the saved data and it could be the base of a fast report generating application. -
The Possibilities of Additive Manufacturing in Medical Use
246-253Views:119Additive Manufacturing has been invented in 1981 at the University of Texas, and to this day it has grown to be the most versatile and promising manufacturing technology in the market, both the industry and health care system has noticed this. Additive Bio-Manufacturing (ABM) techniques, which can be used in health care, are highly in demand, and researches have been going on to make these technologies safer and even more versatile. For more utilization and versatility, special attention is required to develop new materials which can help in increasing the service life, bioactivity, cell growth along with the desired mechanical properties, and to find the right manufacturing parameters for creating optimal products. The aim of this review is to present the available main Additive Manufacturing technologies, and particularly the biomedical usability of Additive Manufacturing.
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Price Analysis Practices in the Pig Sector
1-12Views:126The analysis of sales prices has become a particularly important topic in pig production research, including statistical analysis. With globalisation, we can say that today we are talking about a sector constantly exposed to the effects of the world market. It is also worth pointing out that, compared with other sectors, the impact of external regulation and influence is less pronounced. Thus, the aim of the present research was to identify the journal articles published on the subject of price analysis and, on the basis of these, to establish the correlation with the methodologies often used. It examines the spatial location of price analysis. The results obtained show that the practice of price analysis is mainly carried out in the context of market leading countries, usually on the basis of a cross product chain issue. The research shows the emergence in recent years of increasingly sophisticated methodologies that allow more accurate conclusions to be drawn, while also facilitating planning from a practical point of view.
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Investigation on Double Oxide Film Initiated Pore Formation in Aluminum Casting Alloys
141-153Views:374The most common, and in fact, the most deleterious defects of aluminum casting alloys are the so-called double oxide films or bifilms, which have a central role in porosity formation, as they can easily unfurl and inflate into pores during the solidification of the alloys. Sr addition is generally used in the foundry industry for the modification of the eutectic Si phase of hypoeutectic Al-Si alloys. However, Sr microalloying usually leads to an increased pore formation tendency. As bifilms are preferred sites for pore formation, it should be expected that Sr additions have a significant effect on the number and/or the structure of double oxide films present in the melt. In this work, the relationship between Sr-concentration and the susceptibility to pore formation has been investigated through the evaluation of melt quality of melts which had different levels of Sr. The bifilm content of the melts was investigated by the analysis of K-mold specimens and X-ray computed tomography (CT) of reduced pressure test (RPT) samples. It was found that liquid alloys with a higher Sr concentration had a significantly greater tendency to pore formation, which can be explained by the presence of a larger number of bifilm defects in the liquid alloy.
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Maintenance Strategies and Life Cycle Costs of Renewable Energy Systems
106-116Views:145Life cycle costs are important factors in decisions on renewable energy investments. Since maintenance costs generally constitute a high portion of the life cycle costs, the maintenance strategy applied in a project can affect the bottom line significantly. The effective maintenance tools used in the production industry (e.g., diagnostics, condition monitoring, data management, integrated information systems, machine learning, and automated decision making) can be involved in planning and maintenance of renewable energy systems to gain the benefits of these approaches. In this paper the effects of maintenance strategies on life cycle costs are investigated and the benefits of up-to-date condition monitoring techniques are presented through case studies.
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Improvement of High Strength Automotive Steels Wettability Properties Using CO2 Laser Surface Treatment
422-427Views:171As a result of stricter environmental and safety standards, vehicle manufacturers have to reduce the weight of the vehicles, because 10% weight loss cause 8-10% reduction of fuel consumption. To reduce car’s weight and increase safety, vehicle manufacturers use high-strength steels. Further weight reduction can be achieved by using corresponding bonding technology (soldering, sticking) and optimizing these technologies can increase the strength of the joints. According to literature research, the improvement of interface properties has a large effect on bonding technologies. In order to improve interface properties, we can use multiple surface treatments. In our research we investigate the effects of CO2 laser surface treatment on high strength steels, because CO2 lasers are often used in the vehicle industry. In order to detect the effect of surface treatment, we investigate the wettability of the treated and untreated steels. In our research we measure the surface tension of treated and untreated steels. Our main goal is to improve wettability properties thus the bonding technology. In our research we used DP 600 high strength steel sheet with the thickness of 1 mm. We cut the steel sheet to 25mm wide and 55mm long workpieces. Before the surface treatment, the workpieces had to be cleaned and degreased using methanol. We searched for parameters that do not cause any visible changes on the surfaces. Among the parameters of the treatment we were able to change the output power of the laser. We used contact angle measurement to examine the wettability.
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How Implementing Space Capabilities can Realize the Directives of Hungary’s National Security Strategy
120-141Views:361The Hungarian Government has released its decree on Hungary’s National Security Strategy, which provides a comprehensive picture of Hungary’s present state of security, sets out the country’s goals and directives to be achieved as well as the necessary government tools and tasks. Significant contributions can be made to the implementation of many of these directives by national space capabilities based on a Hungarian satellite system. In this study we intend to show the validity of this statement by presenting an overview of the legitimacy, features and possible benefits of national space-based capabilities as well as the necessary tasks involved in their implementation.
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Evolution of Lean Management and the Organizational Learning
251-259Views:652In industry, service and public sector lean approach is gaining ground. However, there is a significant difference between the organizations applying lean concept in case of their lean transformation maturity level as well as their lessons learned. There is a huge variety of methods and techniques which can be used but there are two conditions in case of every organization regardless their sector or their lean maturity level which determine the success of their lean development: lean approach leader and learning organization. Lean leadership is not based on a particular sector or method and a ready-made lean organization is not needed either. The concept of the top management has a huge effect on the characteristics of theorganization but whether the will of the management is enough for the complete transformation or not is the question. Is the target the lean organization itself or how a unit of an organization or the whole organization can react to the change of the environment? The attitudes and behaviors of lean approach leadership can be applied every day, everywhere and support the aim of creating a real lean organization.
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Presentation of Employment and Economic effects of the Covid-19 Epidemic between March and November 2020 among Companies Dealing with Car and Parts Trade in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County
80-92Views:456The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic during the spring of 2020 entailed major economic and social changes all over the world. In this study, we aim to investigate the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the labor market and the economy with relation to the automotive industry in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County. Apart from secondary data collection, this research also relies on primary data collection methods, including self-administered questionnaires and in-depth interviews, all conducted with several employees and finance directors employed by the automotive companies present in the county. The focus of this research is to study how the pandemic affected the balance sheets and the gross revenue of these companies; how it altered the repayment obligation of their current loans and how it influenced their willingness to enter into new loan agreements or relief options offering financial assistance. Apart from these factors, this research also studies how the pandemic restrictions affected the work schedule and the benefits of the employees.
