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FROM STUDENTS' PEN: EXPERIENCES OF STUDY-TOURS OF ERASMUS + AND CAMPUS MUNDI
67-84Views:80The paper is written by Social Pedagogy, Infant and Early Childhood Educator or Early Childhood Education BA students of the Faculty of Education for Children and Special Education of the University of Debrecen who took part in Erasmus+ and/or Campus Mundi mobility programs (study or traineeship) between 2014 and 2017. The students give a brief summary of their positive and negative experiences as well in Barcelona (Spain), Tallinn (Estonia), Is-Swatar (Malta), Plymouth (United Kingdom), Cluj Napoca, and Oradea (Romania), and Wrasowice (Poland).
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SPATIAL APPROACH DEVELOPMENT IN MATHEMATICS CLASSES AMONG CHILDREN 11-12 YEARS OLD
77-83Views:128The development of the spatial approach of schoolchildren is an important task of the educational process, especially the practical application of the acquired competencies in real life. In the study, we briefly present the developmental tasks used in our project focusing on the development of spatial perspectives for 11-12-year-old students, which were implemented in mathematics lessons. Students solved tasks that focused on problem solving with 2D and 3D objects, analyzing these situations and manipulating with objects.
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HUNGARIAN YOUNG PEOPLE’S FREE TIME ACTIVITIES IN VOJVODINA
95-99Views:155Nowadays the lifestyle of most people is characterised by improper food intake and by a sedentary lifestyle. Especially in childhood, great attention should be paid to this, because children’s habits can be formed at this age and for their development, it is very important to eat properly and healthy and to exercise regularly. During the research, elementary school children’s nutritional status was determined and their physical activity was measured using the PAQ-C (physical activity questionnaire) questionnaire. The partial results of the research show that among boys there is more overweight person, even so, they do more sports regularly and they are more active during breaks between classes. Among sports, football is dominant in the case of the boys and basketball is dominant in the case of the girls. The work presented partial results of the research carried out during the Vojvodina provincial project 142-451-2637/2019-01.
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A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE ON THE THERAPEUTIC ROLE OF CHILDREN'S FOLK SONGS
75-81Views:161Starting from the idea that treating a problem is done more efficiently when we address the causes that generated it than when dealing with symptoms, respectively from theories that claim that most of the mental disorders have their roots in the mother-child relationship developed in the early childhood, through the paper entitled A Theoretical Perspective on the Therapeutic Role of Children's Folk Songs we intend to argue the more use of songs from children's folklore in music therapy. Thus, in the first part of the paper, we bring to the attention of the main theories that demonstrate the importance of the mother-child relationship from the early childhood in order to a healthy evolution of the child from the point of view of its psychic development, with special emphasis on their expression through vocal singing. In the second part of the study, we propose to approach the defense mechanisms from the perspective of the positive functions that it performs in the case of normal persons, as a defense mechanism and defense behavior. In the third part of the paper, we present an analysis of the repertoire of songs from the children's folklore from the perspective of the content of ideas, of the structure of the melodic line, of the specific rhythms, as a mirror of the relationships that children develop with themselves and with others, in particular with my mother. In the fourth part of the paper, we argue the use of songs from children's folklore in music therapy in order to trigger certain memories from the first childhood so that the traumas that have not been overcome are then treated properly. The paper concludes with some final considerations.
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TEACHERS OF CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS: WHERE WE ARE COMING FROM AND WHERE WE ARE GOING TO?
25-40Views:148In this article, we focus on special educational needs teacher training, geographical differences, and labor market features. Sources are the admission database of 2014, n = 965), and the Hungarian Graduate Tracking System (HGTS) of 2012 and 2013; n = 567). Result: the situation of special education teachers is very good in the labor market, they are very successful because their unemployment rate is lower than average, and their job is in connection with their university studies.
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THE MOTIVATING EFFECT OF THE FLOW EXPERIENCE IN THE COURSE OF ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION AT THE SPECIAL NEEDS STUDENTS WITH CP, INSIDE ECO-SCHOOL FRAMEWORKS
103-107Views:200According to today's social norms, within the framework of an eco-school, our aim is to educate students who can recognize environmental hazards and are able to prevent the deepening of the environmental crisis. We have assumed that the possibilities of environmental education outside the classroom can be integrated into the complex system of conductive education, even for children with special needs. I would like to highlight those activities that trigger the flow experience for our students, helping create an internal motivation for all activities that serve the interests of environmental education. The changes also show in the increased number of such programs. Even though we are a segregated school, environmental education is still very decisive in our institution and we try to convey this view outside our walls.
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FIRST STEPS OF EDUCATION IN THE FAMILY – THE POSSIBILITIES OF EARLY CHILDHOOD PREVENTION AND INTERVENTION AT THE DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRICS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF DEBRECEN
109-116Views:231In Hungary, preterm birth is a common issue; approximately 8.000 infants are born preterm each year. At the Department of Pediatrics of the University of Debrecen, our Pediatric Psychology and Psychosomatic Unit work to minimize the risk of neurodevelopmental delay in children born prematurely or in other risk groups. In favour of it, we help families at both the prevention and the intervention levels. Parent education, organization of parent groups, and counselling provide us an opportunity to acquaint parents with the possibilities of using help. The chapter briefly describes the possibilities of prevention (screening tests, diagnostics) and intervention (parent group, music therapy, animal-assisted therapy, sensory integration therapy), the family implications of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Bayley-III diagnostic and screening test, which is one of the most advanced developmental tools for early prevention. Our approach is that, in favour of healthy and balanced development, the whole family needs to get the appropriate support and care. Supporting and strengthening parental efficiency is an important step by which the parent is able to implement a method of education that takes into account the individual characteristics of the child, by which the child's adaptability, carrying capacity, and social skills develop and strengthen.
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The Discourse on Hygiene in Relation to the Role of Public Teachers in the ’Néptanítók Lap’ between 1922–1924
7-17Views:32The Covid epidemic has highlighted that the health care system alone is not enough to tackle a pandemic affecting a large population. In addition to medical and public health activities, there is also a need for educational activities in the education subsystem, involving the professionals involved. This is why it is important to look at the issue of health education in schools from a historical perspective, given the epidemics of our time. In the turbulent social and political environment following the First World War, public health was a less favoured area for policy-makers, while the physical and psychological trauma of soldiers returning from the war and the health of those left behind was a serious problem. The virulent Spanish flu, which affected millions of families across Europe, the devastating tuberculosis in our country, but especially the diphtheria and influenza, which were dangerous for children, posed a serious challenge to the scientific and educational scene in Hungary. The spread of a healthy lifestyle and education was not helped by the environment of schools (attitude of the maintenance staff, quality of the built environment, sociocultural tradition of the rural population, rapid spread of urban life). The alternative health approach and the life reform movement, although sporadically emerging in the period, did not appear in the mainstream of pedagogy, and health education progressed slowly, while, for example, child mortality, which is also linked to the health-conscious behaviour of parents, was blatantly high. The appointment of Kuno Klebelsberg as minister (1922) can be seen as a paradigm shift, as he is not only exposed as a minister with considerable experience in state administration, but also as a conceptual cultural politician who understood the challenges of education and popular education at the micro and macro levels. In our research, we analysed the relevant issues of the People's Teachers' Journal - a standard-setting publication of the Ministry of Education and Religious Affairs, which serves as a guide for teachers in practice - using qualitative thematic content analysis. The selected period: 1922–1924. Our questions are: how is the situation of school health reflected in the journal? What roles and tasks do and would policy-makers delegate to the folk teachers? What extracurricular tasks do they assign to teachers in the field of health education? Are there any patterns in the discourse in relation to school leaders? How have the teachers' organisations received it and what suggestions have they made to policy-makers and practitioners?
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CHARACTERSITICS OF ROMA UNIVERSITY STUDENTS BASED ON SAMPLES FROM ROMA COLLEGES FOR ADVANCED STUDIES
43-59Views:148The study intends to present in a comparative manner the research conducted at the University of Pécs and the Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, which focuses on the family background, identity, school-related successes and failures of Roma students studying in tertiary education. The research was supplemented with information collected from the students of the Lippai Balázs Roma College for Advanced Studies at the University of Debrecen Faculty of Education for Children and Special Educational Needs.
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THE SITUATION OF INTEGRATION-SEGREGATION IN THE LIGHT OF A RESEARCH
19-31Views:664Integration has been an international trend over the last two or three decades, the impact of which is increasingly evident in Hungary. EU resolutions emphasize social inclusion (UNESCO 1995, Europe 1998), ie advocating that children with special educational needs should not be unfairly discriminated against and excluded from society (UNESCO 1995). Integrated education in public education is a means of creating opportunities (Mesterházi, 2002). In the integrated and segregated institution we present the results of a questionnaire survey of nursing teachers (n = 86) on the issue of integration, we were curious about how receptive the experts were. that a significant proportion of teachers in mainstream schools agree partly with integrated education on the basis of the responses given. Both their teachers and the special educators do not consider it appropriate, enough to implement integrated education.
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THE IMPORTANCE OF PLAY - THE USE OF GAMES BY SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS TEACHER AND MAJORITY TEACHERS IN LESSONS
7-26Views:906Nowadays, the priority task of pedagogy is to develop skills and basic competencies, because these are necessary for a successful teaching-learning process. In contrast to the traditional frontal education, which the learners treat as a passive recipient. The current education places more and more emphasis on exploration, action-based learning, and knowledge acquisition based on one's own experiences, which can be based on play and playful activity. Gameplays a key role in the development of skills and personality, so in this research, we examine the role of game in the teaching of typical and learning disabilities children. During the study, we used an online questionnaire, which was sent to special educational needs teachers and the majority of teachers working in schools in Hajdú-Bihar and Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg counties (N = 102 people). The distribution of the answers was even for each grade and school type, so we were able to form groups of 25 and 26 people. Our results reflect a different teaching method because special educational needs teachers use games much more often in their work and spend much more time on them compared to the majority of teachers. Special educational needs teachers attribute much more developmental effects to the game, so they use it more often in upper grades as well. The majority of teachers are dominated by info-communication tools, while special educational need teachers use several self-made tools. In terms of methods, teachers consider differentiation to be paramount, followed by an illustration and cooperative learning, while playing came in fourth place.
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THE STORYTELLING CHAIR AS A TOOL TO DEVELOP THE ELABORATED LANGUAGE CODE IN STEP BY STEP ALTERNATIVE EDUCATION
83-97Views:112In the study, we investigate the storytelling chair, a pedagogical tool of Step by Step, a popular alternative educational format in Romania, using Basil Bernstein's theory of language codes. During the qualitative research conducted in the spring semester of the school year 2021/2022, we conducted observations and semi-structured individual interviews in a Hungarian-speaking school in Partium (Romania) with primary school teachers who use the storytelling chair every day (n=11). The interviews showed that the storytelling chair has elements that are characteristic of the elaborated code. The pedagogical tool under study dissolves the situational nature of comprehension, the children tell the story as the only one who knows it, thus playfully encouraging them to communicate their experiences to the class through a variety of linguistic means, while giving them the space to express themselves freely, without the "I" being subordinated to the "we". The storytelling chair brings the symbolism of home and school closer together, and language can help them build a bridge between the two worlds.
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REFORMING THE TEACHER TRAINING OF THOSE WHO WORK WITH CHILDREN WITH SPECAIL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS IN DEBRECEN AND SZEGED INSTITUTIONS
7-24Views:128This study summarizes the work and significance of Dr. Sándor Náray-Szabó, who was the founder of the Hungarian special education in the 20th. century. At the end of the 19th century, Náray-Szabó (1861-1914) recognized social opportunities, and he worked in order to reform schools and the teacher training of disabled people. He was one of the founders of the modern Hungarian education system for those with special educational needs.
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THE ILLUMINATION OF THE PROGRESSIVE APPROACH OF THE PETŐ METHOD ON THE BASIS OF THE CRITERIA OF CONSTRUCTIVE PEDAGOGY
83-100Views:128The study describes the Pető Method based on the principles of Constructive Pedagogy. The study focuses on the importance of the rehabilitation group because of two reasons: Firstly, it helps children to integrate into the mainstream basic and secondary education later successfully. Secondly, the common goal and the feeling of togetherness has a great motivation effect on the individuals as well as the members of the group. Therefore the study also highlights the neurological aspects of motivation. Last but not least, the areas of constructive lifestyle are being reported and those tasks that need to be solved in the near future to make the inclusion process even more effective for people with motor disabilities.
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BRIEFLY ABOUT ISSUES RELATED TO DEVELOPMENTAL DYSPRAXIA
105-116Views:525Dyspraxia is hardly known to many people at all, but it is also less known for professionals as well. The questions are that - what does dyspraxia mean, is it related to developmental coordination disorder and another similar status. How many children are affected, how can it be recognized and diagnosed and how should it be managed? This paper attempts to provide a brief overview of developmental dyspraxia based on the questions. It deals with emerging terminologies, the impact of a state on different areas of ability, and associated states.
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REGGIO EMILIA APPROACH AND PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION IN DUBAI
81-94Views:150Early childhood education and care have become an important aspect of society and the well-being of people. A proper early childhood education can build a solid foundation for lifelong learning achievement and reduce the cost of lost talent and spending on social, health, and even justice systems. Within early childhood education, the Reggio Emilia approach has gained popularity around the world and a number of countries in the West employ this approach in their early childhood educational system. In the young and prosperous country of the United Arab Emirates with its famous city of Dubai, this child-centered approach is also famous amongst affluent families with young children. This paper looks into early childhood education and the Reggio Emilia approach in the city of Dubai and how this is presented in the educational system of the UAE.
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POSSIBILITIES OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN WITH LEARNING DIFFICULTIES
81-86Views:191This study presents the Sindelar-Zsoldos program through a case study of an elementary school boy with learning difficulties. The theoretical part is focused on the cognitive structure of the learning of disabled students. The methodological part emphasizes that if the cognitive architecture is harmonized, then even a child with learning difficulties can be successful in school and full inclusion is possible.
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IMPORTANCE AND IMPACT OF THE PREVENTION AND EARLY CHILDHOOD INTERVENTION IN LATER YEARS
53-65Views:533The term early childhood intervention (and prevention and development) refers to the specificities of child development and the professional environmental responses to them in the early years of life, which involve many sectors (public education, social, health, etc.) and many professional groups. The understanding of 'early childhood' itself has changed rapidly and now extends from the prenatal period, including the family planning/expansion period, to the child's entry into school. A new element in the system of care and support, in the policy strategies, is the prenatal period, the focus on the family, and the fact that support does not end when children start school. There is a need to design programs with a long-term impact in mind, to 'prepare' for events in later years and stages of life, and to assess the impact of the programs that are in place. The paper summarises some of the basic ideas of early childhood intervention and prevention in a way that takes them forward in time and points to their social impact.
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MATHEMATICAL STATISTICAL BACKGROUND OF SELF-CONTROLLED EFFECTIVENESS STUDY OF DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES
65-75Views:168This paper offers methodological guidance to the mathematical-statistical analysis of self-controlled (pre-test - development - post-test type) effectiveness studies of development programs written for children who need special treatment. After summarising the basic terms we show what kind of commands can be given to a downloadable free software (it is the R language), and how we can interpret the results of statistical calculations done by the software.
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THE ROLE OF THE FAMILY IN EMPLOYMENT AMONG UNDERGRADUATES
7-19Views:332The role of the family as the arena for primary socialization is significant throughout our lives. The cultural capital, parental role models, and relationship with siblings all have a tremendous impact on academic and non-academic achievement, social networking, intra- and intergenerational embeddedness, and employment during studies. However, a change in family structure can negatively affect a child’s development, decrease his or her academic and non-academic achievement (Engler, 2016), and also causes a higher prevalence of health risk behaviours (Kovács and Nagy, 2017). In addition, due to the lower level of financial capital provided by the family, young people who have grown up in a non-intact family structure are often forced to work during their university or even high school studies to ensure their self-preservation. In our research, we examined the attitudes of the students studying at the University of Debrecen towards family and work in the light of the family structure, covering childhood storytelling experiences (BEST 2020). In addition to demographic issues, changes in family structure, childhood storytelling habits, and work-related attitudes were examined (N=159). 25.6% of the students’ parents are divorced, 24.3% grew up with their mother. 86.5% of the parents read tales in childhood, mostly (75%) every day, typically mothers. No significant difference could have been detected in childhood storytelling experiences based on family structure (p=0.322). Although the ratio of employment is higher among children of divorced parents, a significant difference is found at the beginning of employment. Based on the results, parents try to support university studies at least partly, but they are unlikely able to provide other resources that could force students to work. Based on our results, it can be stated that the role of the family in the early employment of young people is also significant, and the change in the family structure increases the proportion of employment besides university studies, which is mainly due to the family's financial situation.
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CULTURAL DIVERSITY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION THE CASE OF REGGIO EMILIA APPROACH IN DUBAI
71-80Views:130Although the term “culture” is a controversial term and there is no unified meaning that is accepted by all, societies deal with culture in every aspect of day-to-day life and interactions. The dilemma of how to introduce or accept a culture or cultural norm in a society, especially a society that is regarded as multicultural, is felt more intensely. Within international schools and specifically, in the multicultural society of countries such as the United Arab Emirates, this cultural diversity is clearly visible. On the other hand, the world-known and famous Reggio Emilia approach which has been successful in numerous Western countries has found its way to pre-primary education in the UAE. This paper will look into the implementation of the Reggio Emilia approach in the culturally diverse society of the UAE compared to Italy and other Western countries. The aim is to see if the important aspects of the Reggio Emilia approach such as teachers as researchers, children as citizens with rights, the role of the environment, curricula as long-term projects, and finally, parents as partners in education enterprise, are indeed implemented in the Reggio Emilia nurseries in the UAE. Or could it be the case that due to the cultural diversity of the UAE this implementation in its full and exact sense is not possible and nurseries in the UAE are only inspired by the approach?
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Data-Driven Music Therapy: Application of the Model in the Development of Children with Special Educational Needs
55-66Views:16Data-based music therapy is associated with the name of Suzanne B. Hanser (1999), a music therapist from California, who supported the developmental effect of music with the results of her clinical research. Her publication entitled The New Music Therapist's Handbook is a guide to the organization, planning, implementation, and evaluation of this music therapy model. Since data-based music therapy is an objective, clear and goal-oriented model. There is an indispensable part of this model and basic conditions in the application of it in the precisely defined preparation, intervention and measurement moments. However, strict planning and organization become the main virtue of the model when evaluating the results achieved, as it provides accurate and irrefutable results. The data obtained this way, represent the totality of the results of observations and experiments.The main pillars of the model are the following: observation, goal-oriented planning, implementation, and objective measurement. An objective and completely clear evaluation of music therapy is provided by the measurements specified in the model. The calculation of the reliability rate and its expression as a percentage, as well as the baseline observation, are complemented by the narrative report of the music therapy supervisor with a description and evaluation of the achieved musical and non-musical therapeutic goals. This article to present describes the application of data-based music therapy in the case of a juvenile with special educational needs studying in special educational institutions.
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ADOLESCENTS’ HEALTH BEHAVIOUR ACCORDING TO SPORT AND FAMILY STRUCTURE
27-37Views:141Health awareness plays an important role in our life. It’s important to live an appropriate lifestyle because an adequate way of life helps to conserve the optimal health status and to prevent chronic diseases (Conner, 2005). The role of the family and parents is still significant. Children turn toward their peers but the family stands in the background as a supporting basis (Kovács & Pikó, 2009). However this function cannot be fulfilled with the crisis and disintegration of family structure which can mean a serious stressor, so it can increase the appearance and in serious cases the long-lasting subsistence of harmful health behavior (Bramlett & Blumber, 2007). The aim of the study is to measure the appearance of smoking, getting drunk, and substance use depending on the sport and family structure in three counties on the basis of FASCES 2015. According to the results only pursuing sport does not influence the testing rate but it can be seen as a protective factor. Family structure considered on its own is not a significant influencing factor but the mediating role of social factors are well perceptible in case of smoking, getting drunk, and using weed.
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EVERYDAY ACTIVITIES TO HELP INTEGRATION IN PETHŐ INSTITUTE IN HUNGARY AND ABROAD
49-64Views:146This paper will present András Pető, the father of the conductive pedagogy, his method, and his institute. His new rehabilitation method gave a chance to motor disordered children and adults to learn how to adjust to society and cope with daily challenges in spite of their physical disadvantage. He established his institute after World War II in 1945, and the institute was named after him and became nationally and internationally well-known as Pető Institute.
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THE OXIPO GAME COLLECTION FOR DEVELOPING COGNITIVE ABILITIES
63-73Views:1193This study is a presentation of the first phase of a complex research project which aims to present the theoretical background of a new game collection (based on OxIPO model). We have compiled a game collection to improve cognitive abilities in early childhood. Concerning cognitive abilities, Affolter's (1972), Sindelar's (1994) and others' earlier developmental approaches took into account visual, auditive or motoric (inter) modalities of perception, however, we believe we need a more complex model to cover the full capability. Within the framework of the OxIPO model (Mező, 2002, 2016), learning is interpreted as an information processing process. In the OxIPO model (Field, 2002, 2016), Learning = Organization x (Input + Process + Output) allows us to control and systemize not only the input modalities but also the output modalities and also to interpret some cognitive abilities in the process phase. We have created a game-collection based on six input (visual, auditive, kinesthetic, olfactory, gustatory, and tactile) modalities and five cognitive abilities (perception, attention, memory, conceptual thinking, problem-solving thinking) and three output (visual, auditive, motoric) modalities. The outcome of the six input modalities and the five target abilities and the three output modalities there are 90 different games that can be described by the OxIPO model. In the future, we would like to prove with empirical studies that this game collection can be used for testing and developing 90 independent cognitive abilities. On the other hand, we need to prove that these cognitive abilities indeed influence the daily lives of children and their effectiveness.