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Roma employment – disadvantaged situation - labour market insecurity
90-111Views:873The problems faced by disadvantaged social groups are complex and require a multidimensional, interdisciplinary approach. In our study, we present the employment-related results of a 2021 survey of a predominantly Roma local community living in a settlement conditions across several dimensions of quality of life. In addition to the employment characteristics of the target group, we explore their employment attitudes, work value preferences and related gender and social roles. Our results show a positive change in the employment situation of the local society, although general labour market insecurity remains to be seen.
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Situational picture of the employment of Roma people residing in settlements in Nyíregyháza
32-44Views:539In our study we present the employment situation of people residing in the Husar and Eastern settlements which can be found in Nyíregyháza. This study is focussing on one aspect from the many dimensions examined by the research into the life quality of Roma people residing in settlements. As expected, our results revealed that the residents of these settlements are at a huge disadvantage in employment. The extent of employment is mainly influenced by low education, the high number of children and their attitude towards working. According to our results, 70% of the respondents have been unemployed before and 49.8% of them are unemployed at the moment.
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Changes in the main dimensions of quality of life in Nyíregyháza
20-64Views:322The Quality-of-Life Research Group of the University of Debrecen Faculty of Health Sciences has been examining various dimensions of the quality of life of the residents of Nyíregyháza through regular data surveys since 2008. The results from the most recent study completed in 2023/2024 focused on indicators that fundamentally determine the quality of life - economic activity and employment, income situation and income inequalities, housing conditions, social problems and support systems. This approach was taken because the research group interprets the quality of life as a complex concept and considers these indicators to be decisive from a sociological perspective.
Even though the proportion of the employees is very high in the city, significant differences were found based upon education and the perception of working conditions. Employment is a determined factor in income and while the average income has increased in recent years, the values of income inequality indicators also show an increase.
There has been improvement in housing both in quantity and quality for those living in privately owned apartments. On the other hand, those who do not have sufficient resources to purchase a home, have to face increasing rental prices and a decreasing number of municipal rental apartments. One out of five households have household expense burdened by debt.
Regarding support systems, this research shows that the poor and the less educated have smaller and less resource-rich networks than those of the better-off and more educated. Material and relational exclusion are typically intertwined, which can further exacerbate the negative effects of social exclusion. -
Practice oriented training from the business sphere’s aspect
164-183Views:487The aim of our article is to analyse the relation between higher education and the labour market with special regards to a newly developed way of education: dual education. In order to serve the changing needs of the labour market, higher educational institutions need to pay more attention to how their programs can better meet the expectations of future employers. The development of practice based skills in higher education is not only an expectation from the future employers but from future students as well. With the help of a questionnaire we mapped the opinion and assessed the needs of different companies in connection with their employed labour force. We analysed their experience gained in dual education, and we also investigated whether they were opened to play a role in dual training by providing employment for students doing their practice. By providing places for practical training, a growing number of employers could join the operation of higher education.
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A külföldi munkavállalás hatása a sportolási szokásokra
76-87Views:239Earlier research on foreign employment has shown that the target country not only offers benefits, but can also pose risks to people that could endanger the health of the person concerned. The question in this matter arises concerning the importance of being aware of the role of regular exercise in the health of the people working abroad and whether the frequently occurring illnesses observed among them may be correlated with the possible lack of regular exercise. During our research, we asked Hungarians working abroad - in Germany - about their sporting habits. 60 respondents, in contrast to expectations based on data from previous studies, reported higher levels of regular physical activity during their stay abroad than before (in Hungary). The combined effect of a number of factors can affect the concerned individuals in this respect, mostly the social and built environment. This validates the need for the nation-wide development of a health-conscious lifestyle in Hungary.
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The skill-developing effects and potential implications of storytelling in the Hungarian higher education – initial domestic research results
165-188Views:280In the Hungarian higher education, innovative pedagogical methods are needed to prepare students for the challenges of employment. Storytelling offers a multi-faceted, learner-centred method. This paper aims to investigate which skills storytelling improves, and whether it can be used in the Hungarian higher education. Three semi-structured interviews were conducted and thematically analysed. Based on these results, two pedagogical experiments were conducted, observed, and analysed. Results include that storytelling can be realized in many ways, and the method can contribute to the improvement of skills which are currently needed in the labour market.
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The impact of the support system on people living in segregated areas
131-141Views:206The Quality of Life Panel Research
in Nyíregyháza (2008-2018) has been examining the
changes in allowances. Similarly to the national data, there
is a decrease in household allowance, the allowance for
economically active people, and the number of people getting
allowances. This study examines whether these tendencies
are the same in two segregated areas, the Husar and
Eastern settlements in Nyíregyháza, since here the residents
are in a more disadvantageous position which stems from
their education attainment, housing conditions, employment
and related financial situation. Although the rate of those
who live and get allowance is higher than that of the city
dwellers, despite being entitled to allowances fewer people
have applied for them. In this study we examine the underlying
reasons by analysing our sample through social and
economic characteristics, and along their changing attitude
towards allowances. -
Income situations, income conditions among the residents of two settlements
45-54Views:320The monthly net income of settlement residents is much lower than in the town of Nyíregyháza or nationwide. Poor employment stands in the background, which naturally stems from the education level of settlement residents. Almost 80% of them completed 8 grades of primary school only or even fewer, while the number and rate of those who gained any qualification is very low. When examining income disparities in Nyíregyháza, it can be seen that the majority of settlement residents, 76.6%, belong to the 2 lowest deciles, and the rate of income poor also exceeds what is measured in the town or across the country. Considering the 60% of median income, 78% of the residents are poor. Regarding the costs of living, housing expenses cause the biggest trouble and many households have been struggling with arrears.
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Income situation, income conditions and income inequalities among the inhabitants of those living in settlement conditions
63-75Views:279In the studied impoverished neighborhood, the incomes are significantly lower than the incomes typical of the national and the Northern Great Plain region. The low income is due to unfavorable employment, low educational level and household size. The national average is 2.3 people per household, however, here there are 3.2 per household. A significant part of the population finds it very difficult to live only from their income. In terms of livelihood-related expenditures, expenses related to houseing is the biggest problem for inhabitants. Typically, they are not able to pay their bills and deferring payments usually for rent and utilities is common. At the same time, income inequality exceeding the national average is found int the neigborhood. This is primarily due to the very favorable situation of the top 10%of those living there. this top 10% are characterized not only by the net amount of their income, which is significantly higher than in the neighborhood and also to a lesser extent higher than the national average. Not only are their incomes higher but they have smaller households and are fully employed.
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Trends and best-known results of research on Gypsy/Roma communities in Hungary
5-32Views:927Gypsy communities have been known in Hungarian majority society for half a millennium. However, sources are poor and only provide information on a few aspects of their lives. Some scholars have attempted to define this sporadic, small group of people when their numbers have increased significantly. In the second half of the 20th century, archivists and ethnographers began to investigate their origins, their common history, the origin of their names, and the specific characteristics that shape their way of life, language, culture and beliefs. Their findings have led to their being defined as a minority, but they are now estimated to number between 10 and 12 million in Europe. There are naïve researchers and advocates of Gypsy/Roma history who believe that the glories of the past and the persecutions of the past are to be found, but in scientific research, the view is becoming increasingly accepted that the communities of the past centuries in Europe and Hungary, known by their collective name of Gypsy/Roma, cannot be described as homogeneous, undifferentiated entities, either historically, ethnographically or sociologically. Throughout history, Roma/Gypsy people and communities have not been made Roma/Gypsy by the same criteria, and therefore they must be understood primarily in terms of their social situation, so that their integration can be made possible and the national and EU programmes of schooling, compulsory employment and the dismantling of Roma settlements can open up real paths to social advancement.
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Határmentiség – hátrányos helyzet – munkaerőpiaci bizonytalanság
44-62Views:571In recent years, we have witnessed favourable labour market developments, with an increase in employment and a decrease unemployment since 2013. This is roughly the time when the domestic economy recovered from the financial crisis that unfolded in 2008. However, these favourable labour market developments do not affect the regions of Hungary or individual groups of workers uniformly. And although the relative position of Roma workers in the previously disadvantaged areas of the North-East and South-West has improved, their gap and lack of opportunities remains significant compared to non-Roma people.