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ARCHIVAL SOURCES OF THE SAD PERIOD OF THE COLLEGE OF EPERJES
177-198Views:63The famous and historic College of Eperjes during the First World War included a high school, theology, a law academy and a teacher training-school. For an institution that suffered the hardships of the First World War, the collapse of the Kingdom of Hungary was also a coup de grace. After a series of hardships, the representatives of the new power no longer welcomed this ancient institution of the city. I would like to present now a brief selection of archival sources from this sad period.
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Béla Tankó. Ed. Márta Virágos
Views:134Béla Tankó was the founder of the Department of Biochemistry at the University of Debrecen. the editor Marta Viragos gives a full picture of the professional and the private life of the professor.
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The STUDENTST OF THE JESUIT ACADEMIE OF BUDA 1713-1777
182-195Views:84The study presents the historical sources, history, students, educational level and attendance of the Buda Jesuit Academy (1713-1777), the Pest Piarist High School of Arts (1752-1784) and the short-lived Pest Law School (1756-1771). These are so far hardly known institutions of higher education in Buda and Pest before 1777, which laid the foundation for the subsequent flourishing of higher education in the capital.
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REMEMBERING GYULA WALLESHAUSEN (19232010) RESEARCHER OF THE NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION
216-226Views:111On the occasion of the 100th anniversary of his birth, we commemorate Gyula Walleshausen, an outstanding and dedicated authority in the Hungarian librarianship and the first great generation of librarians after 1945, and in addition, one of the most important researchers in the history of Hungarian agricultural education, agricultural higher education and agricultural vocational training. In the course of his work as a librarian and historian, he respected, analysed with his competent knowledge and transformed the historical values of the past into volumes with scientific precision, thus preserving and handing them down to posterity. His writings on librarianship and university history are indispensable, important basic works for anyone researching a subject he studied or anyone who is simply interested in the history of a library issue, institution or discipline. In this article, we commemorate his entire career and his work, but above all his work as an agricultural historian.
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COMMON MEMORIES ABOUT THE GREAT PROFESSOR-INDIVIDUALITIES OF AGRICULTURAL HIGHER EDUCATION OF DEBRECEN AND MAGYARÓVÁR.
229-243Views:165In the history of domestic vocational education in agriculture, the year 2018 has recorded itself onto the pages of history’s golden book with two significant anniversaries. Mosonmagyarovar celebrated the bicentenary of its birth and Debrecen celebrated its existence of a century and a half. These two higher education institutions were called to life by different reasons. While Ovar opened its gates to a private initiative, in Debrecen the local farmer society was the driving force with the binding precondition to which was connected tightly to have the mother tongue education accepted by the Viennese court. The time proved afterwards that the education in Hungarian language did not go to the detriment of expertise at none of the institutions. It must be acknowledged that in the field of vocational training, Magyarovar was the one which gave the first large faculty of teachers but soon Debrecen outgrew itself to the acropolis of vocational training too. The Ministry of Agriculture solved the incidental differences of standards by switching teachers. Owing to this, some professor-individualities had the chance to teach at both places. In our compilation – as a sample – we selected a few meaningful personalities with great authority who are claimed to have by both university faculties.
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THE MEASURES TAKEN BY THE REFORMED COLLEGE IN DEBRECEN DURING THE CHOLERA EPIDEMICS OF 1831 AND 1866
57-70Views:89In Debrecen, the cholera epidemic of 1831 caused great devastation, killing almost 7.5% of the population. The cure for the epidemic was not yet known, so preventive measures (closures, quarantine) were taken to stop the spread of it. Already the news of the disease caused anxiety among professors, who sought to get the latest news from the city. For a long time, they resisted closing the school, but when the epidemic began to take its toll in the city at the end of July, they were forced to act. Many of the students had left the school early, but those who remained were looked after by the professors. As the epidemic situation worsened, the city even considered converting the college into a hospital, but this was eventually abandoned following protests from the professors and the college's curator. School order was finally restored only in the late autumn. The start of the school year was only briefly postponed during the local epidemic of 1866.
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History of the Reformed Law Academy of Kecskemét 1845-1949
143-146Views:129Book review of the monographe about the history of the Refermed Law Academy of Kecskemét
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IMRE RORRÓ’S STUDIES IN UTRECHT IN THE 1930S.
Views:38The Stipendium Bernardinum in Utrecht, founded in 1761, played an important role in the history of Hungarian students’ university studies in the Netherlands in the 20th century. Many Hungarian theologians have been awarded scholarships. Imre Forró was admitted to Utrecht after completing his theological studies in Debrecen. He spent first three years in Utrecht, and then applied for and won another year of scholarship from the scholarship committee to continue his research. The present paper examines several aspects of Forró’s student years: his studies, his student life at the time, and the research work he began in the 1930s, and the history of the Hungarian peregrination to Franeker. Each life story is unique, yet the studies and daily lives of the students abroad share many similarities.
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ISTVAN CSŰRY, EPOCH-MAKING DIRECTOR OF THE UNIVERSITY AND NATIONAL LIBRARY OF DEBRECEN (1921-1980)
106-132Views:304István Csűry was one of the most educated people in Hungarian library affairs, with an extensive professional experience, sensitivity towards problems, and also an initiating worker with an unprecedented receptivity to new endeavors. István Csűry’s first and only workplace was the University Library of Debrecen, where after about a decade of working as a librarian, served as director from 1956 until his death, and elevated the institution to a second national library. The study reflects on the library areas where István Csűry has achieved essentially new results.
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PUBLICATIONS OF LECTURERS IN HUMANITIES IN THE DEBRECENI SZEMLE
138-150Views:67The István Tisza Scholarly Society published the journal of high academic quality that had nineteen issues between 1927 and 1944. The authors of the articles were mainly lecturers at the University of Debrecen, teachers at secondary schools, professional writers, intellectuals working in the countryside, nationally renowned scholars and writers. Most of the lecturers in humanities examined in my doctoral thesis regularly published in the columns of Debreceni Szemle, one of the most significant forums of the city’s academic life. The journal was edited by two university professors, János Hankiss and Rezső Milleker. Every second issue covered a social or natural scientific theme. In the beginning, it was published ten times a year, later twelve times, then again ten times or even less frequently during the Second World War, until it was discontinued in 1944, and it was not started again until many years later. The journal was published with the support of the city of Debrecen, but its themes were not limited to regional ones, even though it considered that its primary task. In addition, it was run by the University of Debrecen and the István Tisza Scholarly Society in a relatively high number of copies. From 1932 until its termination, it functioned as the official review of the Society.
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Trianon and the Hungarian Higher Education Tome I. Ed. Gábor Újváry
Views:190In the fall of 1918 there were 23 state universities in Hungary. After three month 10 among them were disannexed.
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The STUDENTS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF NAGYSZOMBAT IN THE LIGHT OF MORE CONTEMPORARY SOURCES
146-181Views:107. The University of Nagyszombat, established in 1635, is Hungary's first, continously operating university. It's successors are the Eötvös Loránd University of Budapest and the Pázmány Péter Catholic University. A significant part of the university's archival resources were destroyed in a fire at the Hungarian National Archives during the Hungarian Revolution of 1956. Therefore it is extremely difficult to compile a list of the students who studied at the first Hungarian university. Recently, in Esztergom, new, previously unknown sources emerged about the students of the university. In this article we summarise the findings that can be drawn from the new documents regarding the students that studied at the Faculty of Arts and Theology of the University. The article analyses the university's geographical area, the evolution of the number of students and the social stratification of the student population and nationality, the proportion of foreign and national students.
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UNIVERSITY PUBLISHERS TODAY AND YESTERDAY
154-186Views:147The regime change brought about significant changes in the field of book publishing, particularly in the publishing of textbooks and lecture notes. However, even from the 1990s, it is still not easy to find readily available statistical data on the emerging university publishers, their activities, and operations. The work in this direction at domestic universities is far from uniform, both in terms of organization and economic structure, as well as the completed task groups. In this study, I present the environment influencing the currently operating university publishing workshops and publishers, and begin to take stock of them, while also providing a detailed introduction to the Debrecen University Press.
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ON THE HISTORY AND SITUATION OF THE HUNGARIAN RECTORS’S CONFERENCE – SEEN FROM DEBRECEN
143-163Views:162The Hungarian Rectors’ Conference was established in 1988 by the rectors of 19 universities in the spirit of intensifying self-organization and representation of the interests of higher education. HRC undertook and played a decisive role in the change of our higher education, in consolidating its autonomy and social role, as well as in the preparation and implementation of the first Higher Education Act. The framework of its operation, the impact and effectiveness of its activities were further shaped partly by its own aspirations and partly by the frameworks provided or limited by the current government. Recently, the role and weight of HRC both in the radically modified domestic and the changing authoritative international higher education space has sharply decreased, although its active role would be important for our institutions, science and society: the voice of universities must be heard and recognized everywhere.
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LAJOS SZODORAY PROFESSOR OF DERMATOLOGY AND DEAN OF THE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF DEBRECEN IN 1952-1953
3-24Views:120In the 1952-1953 academic year, Professor Lajos Szodoray managed the independent Medical University of Debrecen as a dean with rectoral powers, then in 1954-1955 he was the academic vice-dean of the University, while between 1961-1964 he was the academic deputy rector. In his young years, he purposefully prepared himself for the task that fate had indeed chosen for him to organize one of the country's leading Dermatology Department, and to develop the necessary conditions of the excellent clinical patient care based on broad theoretical foundations in the institute, as well as the high-level teaching and research work. Lajos Szodoray is the founding figure of the Hungarian dermatology, an internationally renowned scientist, a colourful, warm-hearted individual. He is credited with the first detection and communication of numerous dermatological diseases in Hungary, and had extraordinary merits in the field of textbook writing. Fate gifted Lajos Szodoray with a long creative life for the benefit of Hungarian medicine, matchless work ethic, dynamism, unrelenting diligence, and perseverance throughout his life. In addition to his several decades of activity as a department head and teacher, he completed his professional life by holding leading positions at the University.
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Presov- Moving of the Lutheran Law School to Miskolc in the Academic Year 1918/19
80-89Views:185Prešov – Moving of the Lutheran Law School to Miskolc in the academic year 1918/19. The Law School in Prešov was (re)established in 1862 and became a very important educational centre for Upper
Hungarian families. During the WW I the education was frequently disturbed by garrisoned military troops, and the substitution of fighting professors was a huge challenge for the school. Before the treaty of
Trianon there were plans to move the school to Miskolc, but after the Czechoslovakian occupation of Prešov (December 1918) and the forbidding of the education in the Law School, the school moved in March 2019
to Miskolc and started the education in the fall of 1919. -
PORTRAIT OF DEZSŐ SZABÓ, PROFESSOR OF HISTORY
Views:19Dezső Szabó was professor of history at the University of Debrecen for 35 years from 1924 to 1959. He graduated from the University of Budapest with a degree in History and Latin. It was at the instigation of his patron, Henrik Marczali, that he began his research on the Hungarian assemblies of the pre-Mohács period. He also wrote his doctoral dissertation on this topic. Thanks to his excellent academic achievements, he graduated from the university with a royal gold ring of honour (sub auspiciis regis). He taught for many years in secondary schools and in 1912 became a privatdocent at the Budapest University of Science. In February 1924, Governor Miklós Horthy appointed him full professor of medieval and modern (universal) history at the University of Debrecen. At that time, his research was already focused on the Urbarium of Maria Theresa. In 1931 he was elected a corresponding member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. He published relatively little and concentrated his activities on secondary school teacher training. He was the dean of the Faculty of Humanities for four academic years. He made an invaluable contribution to the reorganisation of university education in 1944. Despite this, he was repeatedly persecuted under the new regime and was only able to retain his chair thanks to the intervention of his influential students. He retired at the age of 77. The second and third volumes of his work, A magyarországi úrbérrendezés története Mária Terézia korában, which is considered the major work of his life, are still awaiting publication.
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RESEARCH ON UNIVERSITY TRAVEL IN EUROPE
60-81Views:123Research into the history of university travel abroad, or peregrination, is an important topic for all European nations. The European centre, the countries to which university mobility from the periphery was directed, had primarily host universities, and it is important for them to study their own links and their own sphere of attraction. This is particularly the case for universities in Italy, France and Germany. However, they are also examining their own university visits in relation to other regions of the centre. Some of the countries at the northern, eastern and southern ends of Europe were relatively early in the development of their own universities, but still sent large numbers of students to universities in the centre countries, so researching this is also important for them. For example, for Spanish and Portuguese historiography, the study of the French and Italian university itineraries is an important issue. In the older states of Scandinavia and Central Europe, although universities were established relatively early, they were not permanent and the vast majority of intellectuals from these nations were educated in foreign universities. This is particularly true of the smaller European states that became independent in the 19th and 20th centuries, and it is even more important to examine the development of their national intellectuals. This paper addresses these issues by presenting research on the subject.
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DEBRECEN UNIVERSITY'S MAIN BUILDING CELEBRATES ITS 90th ANNIVERSARY
267-272Views:74Nevertheless professors and students had to wait for several years to finally occupy the main building of the Hungarian Royal University of Debrecen (founded in 1912), nevertheless it commenced operating in 1914. 90 years ago, following the construction and the inauguration ceremony, the 1932/33 academic year was the first to begin in the Main Building.
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Studies of the History of Theology and the Education of Reformate Minister between 1850-2000. Editors: Levente Béla Baráth and Károly Fekete
Views:150The book is the 4th volume of the serie of the History of the Teological Education in Debrecen
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GYULA PETRÁNYI PROFESSOR OF INTERNAL MEDICINE AND DEAN OF THE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF DEBRECEN IN 1953-1954
Views:22In the academic year 1953/54, Professor Gyula Petrányi headed the Debrecen Medical University, which became independent in 1951, as Dean with the power of a rector, and then served as Vice-Rector of the Clinical Faculty of the University from 1971-74. He came to the University of Debrecen in 1950 at the young age of 38, when he was entrusted with the establishment and organization of the II. Department of Internal Medicine. Initially, the clinic was located in Bem Square within the Municipal Hospital, then moved to the clinical premises in July 1951. From 1967 to 1974 he was director of the I. Department of Internal Medicine. Until 1983, he was head of the Internal Medicine Clinic II at Semmelweis Medical University and, at the same time director of the National Institute of Internal Medicine. During his 24 years in Debrecen, he drew on his previous international experience to establish a new clinic that was up to date. He laid the foundations for an integrated approach to internal medicine and sub-disciplinary specialization. His repeatedly published textbooks on internal medicine have underpinned the knowledge and professional work of generations of medical doctors. He is credited with the establishment of the Immunology Laboratory, the Isotope Laboratory, the Intensive Care Unit of the Department of Internal Medicine, the Endoscopy Laboratory, the Dialysis Centre, and the foundation of the Central Clinical Chemistry Laboratory. In his scientific activity, he focused on immunology, which was a pioneering field at the time, and as an academician, he laid the clinical foundations for this field in Hungary. His university leadership was characterized by systemic and quality elevation of teaching, clinical and research activities. As dean and clinical deputy rector, he played a significant role in the Medical University of Debrecen serving as an example for other Hungarian medical universities.
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The PAPAL RECOGNITION OF THE THE FOUNDING OF THE UNIVERSITY OF NAGYSZOMBAT (TRNAVA) IN 1635
89-125Views:113It is a cornerstone of Hungarian historiography that the foundation of the University of Nagyszombat in 1635 was merely approved by the Emperor. Pope Urban VIII refused to confirm it because of the lack of a medical and legal faculty. The present study establishes that, from the side of the Apostolic See and thus also from the side of canon law, recognition was granted by prior authorization to the foundation of the University of Nagyszombat (Trnava) by Archbishop Peter Pázmány in 1635. It turns out that the failure to obtain immediate papal confirmation of the foundation of the university on 12 May 1635 was due to the objections of the leadership of the Jesuit order. It proves that the Roman Curia's failure to solemnly confirm the founding of the Pázmány was not in fact due to the two-faculty nature of the institution, but rather to its Jesuit character. The reasons for this can be found in the more effective lobbying of the medieval universities and the mendicant orders, and the gradual decline of the Society of Jesus. Despite the subsequent confirmation by the Holy See, and the failure to grant university privileges in the form of a bull, the foundation of the university in 1635 may have been carried out with papal approval because Pázmány received a - preliminary - authorisation to found a university from Orban VIII in May 1632, during his imperial embassy to Rome.
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The DEPARTMENT OF DERMATOLOGY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF DEBRECEN IS 100-YEAR OLD
131-153Views:52The Department of Dermatology at the University of Debrecen celebrated its 100th anniversary in 2021. However, the year 2021 did not allow us celebrate this important anniversary properly, due to the COVID pandemic, so the festive meeting in honor of the Centenary and this commemorative article were organized and completed in the spring of 2023. History of the past 100 years of the Department of Dermatology is presented reviewing the main developmental steps in patient care, education, and research, remembering the legacy of our former colleagues and directors, furthermore to provide an opportunity to all employees of the University and independent readers to gain insights into this interesting, more than hundred years’ medical history of dermatology in Debrecen.
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JÁNOS HANKISS, PROFESSOR of LITERATURE, RECTOR MAGNIFICUS OF ISTVÁN TISZA HUNGARIAN ROYAL UNIVERSITY OF DEBRECEN DURING THE ACADEMIC YEAR 1944/45.
11-30Views:177János Hankiss started his academic career at the University of Debrecen in 1920. In the distinguished community of his peers who taught at our university between the two world wars, János Hankiss indubitably belonged to the top professionals. If a university’s academic rank is determined not only by its local or national prestige but also by its international recognition and appreciation, then in this latter frame of reference it was perhaps Professor Hankiss who did most to put Debrecen on the map for Europe and beyond. Indeed, he would share his knowledge not only within the confines of the University: he was a popularizer of scholarship and of the literary culture who was ready to move beyond the narrow limits of his immediate professional field and to address a larger audience. Besides, his name is also associated with the still extant quarterly periodical Debreceni Szemle [Debrecen Review] and Debrecen University’s International Summer School.
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LAST RADIO INTERVIEW OF PÉTER ADLER, PROFESSOR OF STOMATOLOGY IN DEBRECEN
279-286Views:85With the legacy of Professor Péter Adler, we received a tape recording. On this a radio interview with himself can be heard. The radio-report was broadcast in 1983. Here he gives a detailed account about his life, work, and achievements. The information and data presented significantly contribute to the understanding of the period and gives insight to the operation of the Stomatology Clinic. The interview was made in the year of his passing, so it is a sort of sum up and a closure to his career. The report is approx. 20 minutes long, which is published in its entirety in this article.
