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RENEWABLE ENERGY USE IN HUNGARY AND IN THE SURROUNDING EU MEMBER STATES
23-29Views:154In our paper, we survey the changes of the last 10 years regarding the use of renewable energy in Hungary and the surrounding EU countries (Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia). In 2015, the share of renewable energy in EU28 is 16.7% of final energy consumption, 28.8% of electricity, 18.6% of heating/cooling and 6.7% of transport. We present the renewable energy targets of Hungary and the surrounding member states and
their fulfillment in 2015. We also look at the share of the gross domestic energy and renewable energy consumption. -
Community development role of renewable energy projects
158-167Views:192The spread of utilization of renewable energy resources is primarily motivated by objectives of energy policy and climate protection. However the rural and community development role of the new investments had got a greater significance in the past years. In the last years or decades the different renewable energy sectors became an important objective of regional policy. In parallel with these changes the renewable energy sources aroused the interest of potential investors. The low population density and relative richness of natural resources in rural areas provide favourable conditions for location of these investments. On the base of local economic development aspects was designated as positive effects that the investments utilize the internal resources of these regions. However in practice it raises different significant questions. What is the role of local financial resources, professional skills and sufficient number of customers in renewable energy investments? We cannot imagine authentic and successful rural development projects without considering the interests and participation of local communities. Our research focuses on requirements of prosperous and long-term sustainable renewable energy based community development solutions following Hungarian and European examples.
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SELECTION OF TEST LOCATIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SMART MAP SUPPORTING THE RESIDENTIAL USE OF RENEWABLE ENERGIES
1-23Views:161Abstract
In the European Union, the population uses 26% of the energy. Due to the strategic goal of achieving climate neutrality and the crises of recent years, investment in the use of renewable energies has accelerated. In order to support this process, the Circular Economy Analysis Center of the Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences (MATE) started the development of a so-called multidisciplinary smart map, which shows the possibilities of renewable energy sources that can be used locally, and the selection of the optimal energy production mix based on the location of residential buildings and buildings. The purpose of this article is to present the selection of test sites necessary for the development of the map, highlighting their geographical, meteorological, economic, and social characteristics. Based on the applied multi-criteria system, the selection of testing locations and tasks is a complex task. The investigations are summarized in five chapters. The first one describes the introductory thoughts related to the initiation and development of the project. The second deals with Hungarian residential energy consumption in the light of international data. The third presents the principles of smart map development and defines the criteria for testing locations. And the fourth one analyzes and presents the principles and possibilities of selecting locations. The fifth part summarizes the location selection process, describes the methodology of the applied analyzes and describes the results of the location selection. The described procedure can guide the examination of these factors in other international projects.
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Modeling of the absorptive refrigeration systems run by geothermal energy
84-90Views:97The aim of the article is to demonstrate an engineering solution which may promote the exploitation of the potential of renewable energy resources, and may provide cheap energy production for rural industries.
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Energy Resources of Unmanned Aircrat Vehicle
92-100Views:152Aviai on is the quickest and most praci cal way of locomoi on, to which people have been paying at eni on for thousands of years. Today – on account of air traffi c, energy crisis and environmentalism – the power source of the aircrat became a key issue. In addii on to fl ight safety, there is a growing emphasis on environmentally friendly operai on. The ineffi cient burning of fossil fuels comes hand in hand with the signifi cant pollutant emission and noise pollui on which bother even those living far from the airports. Nowadays the most important objeci ve of researchers and developers is to create an effi cient, clean and quiet airplane, thus as a new idea they at empt to ui lize electricity in this form on board the aircrat . The ari cle presents some various energy resources through some example of unmanned aerial vehicle.
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Innovative Biodiesel Production
118-123Views:103The importance of the research of the biofuels is moti vated according to the Hungary’s Renewable Energy Acti on Plan, on the other hand the Europe 2020 also emphasizes the smart and sustainable growth. The direct objecti ve of the research program is to investi gate the applicati on of microwave pre-treatment for bio-energeti c, the indirect objecti ve is to ensure security of energy supply. Based on the experiences, the microwave energy is preferably used for intensifi cati on of certain chemical reacti ons. Pre-experimental experiences have shown that microwave irradiati on in the transesterifi cati on of vegetable oils (transesterifi cati on with methanol and NaOH catalyst) results in reducti on of ti me and energy demand of the process. Producti on of vegetable oil-based is made with microwave-assisted technology under diff erent method, operati onal and process parameters. As a result of the experiments established that the
transesterifi cati on reacti on ti mes of the microwaved transesterifi cati on are reduced signifi cantly compared to the conventi onal transesterifi cati on reacti on ti me, however, further investi gati on of compositi on of treated mixture and dielectric characteristi cs of the components are necessary to optimize the procedure for energy aspects.