Articles

• The impact of energy crisis on variance- and Gini-optimized portfolio structures – case of Hungary

  1-13

  Gergő Tömöri

  György Csontos

  Views:

  329

  Crises in the 2020s have shocked global stock markets with unprecedented sud- denness. This has had a particularly strong impact on the Central European countries outside the euro area and exposed to heightened geopolitical conflicts, and within them, Hungary, which has had a particular government response to the crisis. Our research objective was to investigate the impact of the energy crisis on the Hungarian stock market as a consequence of the combination of greening policies, the post-Covid reopening and the EU sanctions policy on Russian energy imports, focusing on the portfolio optimization of the Hungarian blue chips and the stocks of the biggest complex (renewable and non-renewable) energy producer and trader company in the Hungarian market. In this context, our aim is to determine the impact of the turbulent crisis phenomena in the period 2020-2023, with a focus on energy price inflation, on the structure of a portfolio of the 5 stocks mentioned above optimized based on mean-variance and mean-Gini model. Since based on both methods, although differently, significantly increased the portfolio weight of the same energy company stocks in the energy crisis, it can be concluded that the change in the composition of the diversified portfolio reflected the impact of macroeconomic conditions on the stock market.

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  322

• Examination of sustainable consumer attitudes

  14-24

  Virág Ágnes Bakosné Kiss

  Barbara Török

  Views:

  585

  The topic of sustainability is known worldwide, as it tries to find a solution to a global problem. Its goal is to create and use alternatives when using inputs and outputs that cause less pollution, reducing the use of renewable and non-renewable resources provided by the Earth. The goal of sustainable development is to transform governmental, production, manufacturing, consumption, and other processes in such a way as to give the Earth a chance for long-term survival. The exponentially growing population and the ever-increasing consumption and overconsumption began to pollute our world at an even greater rate. It is enough to think about increased air smog pollution, desertification, polluted waters, or global climate change to realize how big a problem we are facing. Our primary research was based on a questionnaire survey, which tried to reveal the difference between the Hungarian and Spanish respondents about sustainable, but primarily environmentally conscious behavior. In this study, we focus only on the results of the Hungarian respondents (N=357) and present the individual consumer groups in terms of environmentally conscious behavior. Descriptive statistical analysis, principal component and cluster analysis were used for the study. From our research, it became clear that people filling in use several methods to reduce their individual pollutant emissions. In addition, it is considered the most important thing to start environmentally conscious education from an early age. Our results of the principal component analysis did not coincide with previous research results on the topic, but they showed similar patterns. In the present research, the dimensions were Eco-fit career awareness, Trend following, Selfless patriotic values, ​​and Favorable company perception. Based on the cluster analysis, it can be said that there are not many people in the group most committed to sustainability goals, the Sustainable Conscious segment, however, unlike in recent years, there is a group strongly in favor of sustainability and domestic values, who appeared in larger numbers in our sample.

  pdf (Hungarian)

  561

• The impact of increasing environmental expectations and forced paperless administration on corporate sustainability

  25-33

  Nikolett Sereg

  Views:

  267

  Current environmental legislation, directives, and expectations of the stakeholders put increasing pressure on companies' sustainability efforts. Such efforts include applying life cycle analysis methods, resource-saving technologies, low-emission practices, and voluntary ecological rules. Digitization facilitates these efforts, and the forced situation created by the COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the digital transformation process even more. Many companies were pressured to find solutions that legally and effectively bypass personal presence. Paper-based administration was restrained, giving hope for the broader spread of entirely paperless businesses. The study aims to present Hungarian companies' incentives for environmental protection and emphasize how paper-free offices are an essential milestone in sustainable development.

  pdf (Hungarian)

  202

• Working capital and profitability in hungarian crop farms

  34-44

  Szabolcs Makai

  Vilmos Lakatos

  Views:

  230

  Our study is a thematic analysis of the literature on working capital, with the aim of presenting recent research and interpretations of working capital management. In the second half of the paper, we will illustrate the assessments of capital adequacy and working capital efficiency and their results, based on our own data collection, in comparison with the findings in the literature.

  pdf (Hungarian)

  185

• Doctor-patient and health team communication in the Visegrad countries – narrative review

  45-56

  Éva Julianna Pozsgai

  Klára Bíró

  Views:

  320

  The study aimed to explore and compare preferences for doctor-patient communication and communication within healthcare teams in the Visegrad countries (Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary) through a general literature review. While each of these countries has independent studies on these topics, a comparative analysis using a single validated questionnaire was conducted by Bányai et al. (2021). Their research showed that factors like gender, age, education, and poor health status influence how patients perceive the quality of communication with doctors in all four countries. The study also found that communication within healthcare teams faces challenges due to personal, referral, and system-related barriers. Improving communication skills is crucial in preventing burnout and depersonalization among healthcare workers, and a well-designed communication training process can foster positive attitudes, particularly among specialist nurses. Independent researches from the four countries shows that patients value clear, accurate information about their illness, treatment options, and the effectiveness of care. Patient satisfaction was higher when they received good treatment along with straightforward information about their condition and clear explanations for their relatives. However, the communication skills of healthcare staff were seen as a weakness, and such skills were often not part of their training. To create a more patient-centered healthcare system, effective human resources programs need to be developed, and further research in health communication is necessary. The study suggests using the PPOS (Patient-Practitioner Orientation Scale) questionnaire to assess and compare healthcare professionals' attitudes towards communication across different levels of healthcare in these countries.

  pdf (Hungarian)

  253

• The impact of participation in Scientific Students’ Association conferences among students in the detep program

  57-69

  Zsófia Olvasztó

  Krisztina Dajnoki

  Views:

  152

  The importance of talent management has always been crucial in higher education. There are many benefits for institutions in identifying, supporting and developing talented students. Not only do students benefit from this process, but universities can also benefit from the proper functioning of talent management. In our study, we investigated the participation of students from the University of Debrecen’s Talent Management Program (DETEP) in the Scientific Students’ Associations Conferences. The target group of our questionnaire survey consisted of students of the program who had previously participated in TDK (n=128). The results show that the number and the rate of participation in TDK is higher in faculties with more DETEP students, which may be due to the longer duration of the training. More talented students have multiple TDK participation. Respondents are more likely to engage in TDK participation consciously and are more likely to think about a research career if their reasons for TDK participation include the intention to apply for a PhD and to publish. Based on the results, the following suggestions for improvement were made: increasing the number of information materials on the TDK movement and research careers, the use of TDK promotion programs (lectures by former (O)TDK participants and successful supervisors, Peer Support Program, workshops, competence development trainings, creatives and "I was a TDK participant too" short films) and the introduction of an honorarium system.

  pdf (Hungarian)

  76

• The relationship between fast fashion and sustainability

  70-79

  Róbert Sándor Dr. Szűcs

  Views:

  412

  This study examines the relationship between the fast fashion industry and sustainability from a critical perspective, highlighting the environmental and social impacts of industry, as well as changes in consumer behavior. It analyzes the growing demand for sustainability and presents potential solutions and business strategies aimed at making the fast fashion industry more sustainable. The goal is to explore the current practices of the fast fashion industry and the connections between sustainability efforts, as well as to describe future trends and industry changes.

  pdf (Hungarian)

  380

• Adaptation of automated control technologies in SMEs

  80-89

  Marcell Juhásu

  Views:

  118

  The spread of automated controlling technologies significantly impacts the operations of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), especially in financial management. These technologies enable companies to manage their finances more efficiently, reduce costs, and enhance competitiveness. The benefits of automation include increased accuracy, reduced manual labor, and faster data processing, which allow managers to make more informed decisions. Through digital transformation, SMEs can access the latest technologies, such as artificial intelligence, cloud solutions, and big data analytics, further boosting the effectiveness of controlling systems. In the future, it will be crucial for SMEs to integrate new technologies like blockchain, IoT, and AI to sustainably improve their performance and competitiveness.

  pdf (Hungarian)

  62

• Potential for using ai in the development of sustainable supply chains

  90-106

  Barnabás Sarkadi

  Erzsébet Buglyó-Nyakas

  Tímea Gál

  Views:

  148

  Logistics processes have an increasingly significant environmental impact, which is partly caused by a lack of knowledge or priority for green logistics. Emissions from transport, energy consumption related to production, storage and material handling, as well as packaging waste are all serious burdens. At the same time, environmentally friendly solutions can improve the image of companies. The goal of a green supply chain is not only to deliver products to the consumer, but also to reduce environmental impact while maintaining efficiency and reliability. Sustainability strategies such as reducing the carbon footprint or increasing energy efficiency are crucial. The topic was examined by systematic literature analysis based on the Web of Science database (2014–2024), using the PRISMA methodology. According to the results, from 2021 onwards, digital technologies (e.g. blockchain, Industry 4.0, artificial intelligence) have come to the fore, which will determine the future of green logistics and further research directions.

  pdf (Hungarian)

  95

• Comparative analysis of the first-time application of international financial reporting standards, using the example of two companies

  107-119

  Dániel Bartha

  Views:

  159

  In this article I have made a comparative analysis of the first application of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) from the perspective of two Hungarian companies engaged in financial activities, Budapest Fund Management Ltd. and Fundamenta-Lakáskassza Kft. The aim of the research is to explore the differences between the Hungarian accounting system and IFRS, with a special focus on valuation principles and methods.

  The study presents IFRS 1, IAS 1 and IAS 12 and the effects of the transition to IFRS on the financial statements. Of the two companies examined, the changeover resulted in only minimal changes for Budapest Fund Management Ltd., while Fundamenta-Lakáskassza Kft. experienced more significant changes, particularly in the accounting for securities and deferred taxes. The research concludes that IFRS-compliant reporting provides more detailed and transparent information to market participants. However, the transition to IFRS can impose a significant administrative and financial burden on companies, especially smaller companies. The author suggests further convergence of the Hungarian accounting system towards IFRS, taking into account cost-benefit ratios.

  pdf (Hungarian)

  94