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Über einen allgemeinen Übungsbegriff bei verschiedenen Unterrichtsmethoden in der Planung des Mathematikunterrichtes
175-201Views:37Practice is important in the education of mathematics but is neclected in the didactic of mathematics. One of the reasons is that practice is often defined too "narrowly" and the definitions of practice have in most cases an obscure background theory. In the article a general definition of practice is given, which – in contrast to the usual definitions – views practice from the point of the pupils (practice means activity of pupils). By utilising this definition consequences will be drawn. These consequences serve as for the more exact planning of practice in education as for the analysis of the dependency of practice from teachingsmethods.
In the second part an example will be presented for planning together practice and lesson, in two different teachingsmethods (traditionel, problemsolving). The analysis of both worksheets (one for each method, identical teachingsmaterial) was made on the basis of authors practise in lessons i.e. her own concepts and the experience with pupils at a class 5. On the basis of the expectable solutions is specified – using a criteriacatalog – what was practised.
The analysis of practice leads further to the examination of above mentioned dependency from teachingsmethods. -
Fehleranalyse beim Lösen von offenen Aufgaben Ergebnisse einer empirischen Studie in der Grundschule
83-113Views:12Open problems play a key role in mathematics education, also in primary school. However, children in primary school work in many relations in a different way from learner in secondary school. Therefore, the (possibly) first confrontation with an open task could be problematical. Within the framework of an international paper and pencil test it was examined how far children of primary school notice the openness of a task and which mistakes they do during working on that task. In particularly are meant by openness different interpretations of the task, which all lead to a set of numbers with more than one element as a result. For evaluation, a common classification system was adapted by slightly modification of the original system. -
Teaching of problem-solving strategies in mathematics in secondary schools
139-164Views:8In the Hungarian mathematics education there is no explicit teaching of problem-solving strategies. The best students can abstract the strategies from the solutions of concrete problems, but for the average students it is not enough. In our article we report about a developmental research. The topic of the research was the explicit teaching of two basic strategies (forward method, backward method). Based on our experiences we state that it is possible to increase the effectivity of students' problemsolving achievement by teaching the problem-solving strategies explicitly. -
Analyse von Lösungswegen und Erweiterungsmöglichkeiten eines Problems für die Klassen 7–11
231-249Views:30Making several solutions for a problem i.e. the generalization, or the extension of a problem is common in the Hungarian mathematics education.
But the analysis of a problem is unusual where the connection between the mathematical content of the task and of its different formulations is examined, solutions from different fields of mathematics are presented regarding the knowledge of different age groups, the problem is generalized in different directions, and several tools (traditional and electronic) for solutions and generalizations are presented.
This kind of problem analysis makes it viable that during the solution/elaboration several kinds of mathematical knowledge and activities are recalled and connected, facilitating their use inside and outside of mathematics.
However, an analysis like this is not unfamiliar to the traditions of the Hungarian problem solving education – because it also aims at elaborating a problem – but from several points of view.
In this study, a geometric task is analysed in such a way. -
Die Methode von Prof. Tibor Szele im Unterricht begabter Schüler
143-151Views:27Prof. Tibor Szele' has attempted to develop the mathematical problemsolving, creativity include the use of investigations and host of other devices beyond the classroom, i.e. in "mathematical circles" for talented students in secondary schools. This paper of the author – who himself has taken part in Seles1s mathematical circles – quotes from these activities according his earlier notes. This description illustrates the didactic method of Prof. T. Szele. -
Solution of an open reality based word-problem in two secondary schools
143-156Views:106This survey through an open reality based word problem is intended to assess - in two secondary schools in Komárom (Hungary) and in Komarno (Slovakia, Hungarian name: Révkomárom) in grade 10 - the ability of students to realize openness of a task. The comparison is justified by the fact that the language of teaching is Hungarian in both secondary schools, but with different curricula. This survey is related to the Content Pedagogy Research Program by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. It is preceded by several surveys with a word problem (Pocket Money) of the third author and led by her between 2012 and 2015, and within that project in 2017 within a large sample test, among about 1500 students and university students in Hungary (?, ?) (?, ?). In our research we wanted first to assess how openly work students in two schools of the two cities mentioned in solving the same task. The answer to this question was similar to the large sample test results, so most of the students worked in a closed way, when solving this word problem. So we went on and tried to explore how students thought about their own solution given to this task, through mixed-type interviews.
Subject Classification: 97D70, 97F90, 97D50, 97M10