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The Local Wisdom of Luang Islands: ‘Hygeralay’ of History Aspect
47-62Views:41This research aims to identify hygeralai from a historical aspect as one of the local types of local knowledge that lives in the indigenous community of Luang Island, Maluku Province, Indonesia. This research uses a qualitative research method with a historical approach. Data collection techniques in this research through in-depth interviews, field observations and literature studies. The analysis technique used in this research is historical analysis. The results of field research show that the etymology of hygeralai began as a sign of identity, a sign of ownership, a sign of territorial boundaries and used by the ancestors of Luang Island at that time. In its development, it underwent changes related to several attributes and organization when Protestant Christianity entered. The results of exploration in the field show that the etymology of hygeralai is also influenced by the environment and geography. This is evidenced by its affiliation with one of the plants that grow on Luang Island, the koli tree. From this affiliation material, it is also important to display the position of Luang Island in the division of flora in Indonesia according to Wallacea and Weber line. Thus, we can analyze the history of plant movements used by the ancestors in etymology of hygeralai. The hygeralai research results from this historical position are then compared in general with other terms in Maluku related to environmental and natural resource management. The results of this research contribute to local history, especially the management of natural resources based on local wisdom in coastal communities and border areas.
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CONNECTIONS BETWEEN SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS EMPLOYEES WITH DISABILITIES
7-17Views:1279Since the annexation to the European Union, exceptional attention has been directed to equal opportunities and equal treatment of disadvantaged social groups in Hungary too. The Hungarian state tries to ensure the first and foremost with legal tools. It is, however, not enough to result in lasting changes in the attitude of society. Personal experiences, as well as, positive messages transmitted by others can produce a positive effect on the development of inclusive approaches. With respect to sociodemographic characteristics (e.g. gender, age, school qualification) investigations into this field suggest different research results. The questionnaire data collection took place in three districts of Hungary. The research was aimed at questioning two test groups, on one hand, the employees of social institutions who mainly deal with disadvantaged persons, on the other hand, the residents of the given districts, who have the knowledge and approach of an average citizen. The ingenuity of the research is put down to the fact that in Hungary there had never been researching to explore the attitudes of social employees. A total of 747 persons filled in the questionnaires, out of which 408 employees in social institutions and 339 district residents. This present study discloses the deeper connections of the research results which are observable between the two test groups’ attitudes to persons with disabilities and sociodemographic characteristics. Its significance is crucial in identifying the characteristics of the colleague playing an actual role in the integration who, as a reference person, with his own personal involvement can promote the integration of disabled persons into workplace communities. In the research of attitudes three well-distinguished clusters were outlined, which were named as follows: accepting, uncertain/indifferent, rejecting. The study investigates what kind of sociodemographic characteristics the residents, and social workers who belong to the three clusters have. Do people who belong to the same cluster posses similar attributes in both test samples? What kind of attributes has the residents and social workers got who show a higher level of acceptance? According to the findings of the research, the attitudes of the district residents differ in age, school qualification, and personal experience, whereas in the case of the social workers the difference in attitudes depends on age and school qualification.
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HR TOOLS SUPPORTING EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY
7-17Views:187Hungarian statistical surveys, as well as previous research, point out the disadvantages experienced by persons with disability and a reduced work capacity on the labour market, due to which their employment falls behind the employment of the average population. In the background of these drawbacks, there are partially negative attitudes in the society and among employers which are based on prejudices. On the other hand, in the course of the integration and permanent employment of persons with disability and a reduced work capacity not only the accepting attitude of employers but also that of employees is essential. Employment policy instruments may facilitate the economic activity of the disadvantaged labour market groups but they may need their employers to help them further with employment, integration and work. The expected or received help of the open labour market or its degree do not always meet. No empirical research has been done into this topic yet. The aim of my research is to explore the attitude, approach, and knowledge of workers in social institutions in three districts of Hajdú-Bihar county and of the inhabitants in these districts regarding persons with disability and reduced work capacity. Questionnaire research was conducted, and altogether 747 persons (408 workers at social institutes and 339 citizens) were interviewed. The present study focuses on the exploratory-like results of the research which reveal the test groups’ familiarity with and knowledge of the application of those HR management tools that can further the employment of persons with reduced work capacity. The study assesses the results based on the following variables: sex, school qualification, position, previously gained knowledge about the reduced work capacity and work experience with persons with reduced work capacity. The results of the research suggest that for persons with a reduced work capacity the organisations mainly ensure the personalised field of work, preferential working hours, and accessible work environment, but it is not certain to be enough for the permanent employment of the target group as due to their mobility difficulties they would really need support to get to their work as well.
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THE USE OF ENGLISH MEDIA IN EARLY CHILDHOOD
49-57Views:165The flow of information in the digital age is facilitated not only by traditional media such as television, radio, and print but also by new media such as the internet, desktops, and integrated computers, tablets, and smartphones, etc. The presence of IT tools is quite common these days among kindergarten-aged children (3-6/7), and even toddlers can use them on a daily basis. Moreover, modern pedagogy is unthinkable without digital devices that have become integral parts of innovations such as game-based learning, media-based learning, and edutainment. There are several language schools and bilingual creches where they accept very young children and babies. It is said that parents know their child best and children spend a lot of time with their parents. In consequence, this provides an excellent opportunity for parents to raise a bilingual child even if it is not his/her first language. In our paper we are combining these two, currently, central issues: the use of English-language media and early childhood language-learning, as only limited research is available about it. We are going to present the results of empirical research carried out mainly in kindergartens in Debrecen, which focused on early second language learning and the children’s use of media. Our research has two goals, so the questionnaires asked parents about the use of foreign-language media, its content and the time children spend consuming English content. In addition, we were interested in the parents’ attitude to their children’s English-language media use. We analyzed our data in the framework of early second language learning. Our research was carried out within the Early Childhood Research Group run by the Faculty of Education for Children and Special Educational Needs of the University of Debrecen. The research was carried out between October 2016 and January 2017.
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THE EXPERIENCES OF PHYSIOTHERAPY IN PRESCHOOLS IN THE LIGHT OF A KINDERGARTEN RESEARCH IN HAJDÚBÖSZÖRMÉNY
27-34Views:126The literature and research on physiotherapy in Hungary are not as complete as the research on physical education, so this article is also incomplete. Our research aimed to report on the experiences of physiotherapy sessions for preschool children within the physical education sector, as this area is less researched. Our research presents the experiences of children and their parents who have participated in pre-school physiotherapy in a sample of children attending the Good Shepherd Reformed Kindergarten in Hajdúböszörmény. The results are presented based on the analysis of a questionnaire filled in by 50 parents and an interview with the physiotherapy teacher who teaches in the kindergarten. The survey shows that 8% of parents of preschool children did not know that their child was attending such sessions, 92% of parents were informed, but 20% did not know how many development sessions their child was attending. The majority of parents follow up on their child's development, but consider the information provided by the teacher to be insufficient. The vast majority of parents were also aware of their child's diagnosis. Parents' opinions showed that they consider the existence of physiotherapy sessions important, as they consider it essential for the effective development of a growing organism. Parents also noted positive effects of physiotherapy sessions, such as improved posture, flexibility, reduced orthopaedic deformities, increased endurance, or improved dexterity and hand-foot coordination. Another important aspect, according to parents, is that these sessions are free of charge, take place during nursery school hours and they are playful. According to the physiotherapy teacher, the number of sessions is not sufficient to achieve optimal improvement, given that the vast majority of children only receive development in kindergarten. These results are useful and can be used in the training of kindergarten teachers or further training courses.
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CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL PROCESSES IN SÁP
49-56Views:79Our research conducted in Sáp is a part of a longer, multiple-part research series, in which we will identify the main social features and map the current social processes in the less populous settlements of the more deprived regions of the country in particular. Basically, the aim of our research is to understand and present the perspective of the local people. The decisive criterion for the selection of research sites was that the smaller settlements of these peripheral regions are subject to rather unfavourable socio-demographic processes, including in particular the decline in the population, aging, and the increase in the share of the disadvantaged population. These processes – unless there are significant changes – project an even more unfavourable vision of the future. The adverse socio-demographic processes described above are observable in Sáp. Related to this, the primary objective of the research was to understand the opportunities, goals, and vision of the local youth most affected by migration, as well as to recognize the local community relations and the characteristics of cohabitation of the Roma and non-Roma population in particular.
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INEXPLICABLE BEINGS, PHENOMENA, AND EVENTS, CATEGORIZED AS MYTHOLOGICAL, AMONG THE PEOPLES OF THE SOUTH SLAVS: COLLECTIONS OF FOLK TALES, INTERVIEWS WITH STORYTELLERS AND MYTHOLOGICAL BEINGS IN MODERN NOVELS
135-148Views:181This article contains the basic structural features of a same-named Ph.D. research thesis. The main tasks of the research are to identify three focal fields with mythological elements, whether they are phenomena, objects, people, or creatures that some believe and others doubt exist. These focal fields are found in various collections of folk stories, and contemporary literary texts as well as in interviews with storytellers. However, the focus of this article is primarily on the introductory story and on providing the background of the general idea. The goal is to acquaint the readers with the background that explains the origin of the mentioned stories among the people. It talks about death, man’s natural fear of it, and the world of the paranormal, religious, and mythological, which combined create inexplicable phenomena that contradict the rational reasoning of man. One of the hypotheses of the research itself is to understand why this phenomenon is still present in the human community and what benefits it brings. Furthermore, the methodology used in the research includes a comparison and contrast of information between folk stories and contemporary literary works. In addition, the most important research method used is the interview technique with the aforementioned storytellers with strategically selected persons who are assumed to possess quality information.
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CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL PROCESSES IN HAJDÚDOROG
33-50Views:510Our research conducted in Hajdúdorog is a part of a longer, multiple part research series, in which we will identify the main social features and map the current social processes in the less populous settlements of the more deprived regions of the country in particular. Basically, the aim of our research is to understand and present the perspective of the local people. The decisive criterion for the selection of research sites was that the smaller settlements of these peripheral regions are subject to rather unfavorable socio-demographic processes, including in particular the decline in the population, aging, and the increase in the share of the disadvantaged populations. These processes – unless there are significant changes – project an even more unfavorable vision of the future. The adverse socio-demographic processes described above are definitely observable in Hajdúdorog. Related to this, the primary objective of the research was to understand the opportunities, goals, and vision of the local youth most affected by migration, as well as to recognize the local community relations and the characteristics of cohabitation of the Roma and non-Roma population in particular.
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THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ETHICAL LEADERSHIP ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE: SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
101-112Views:201This paper's goal is to develop an appropriate systematic literature review of the research that has investigated how ethical leadership affects employees' performance within an enterprise. The growth of multinational corporations provides a new dimension to the investigation of leadership that takes into account the effect of diverse country cultures. This systematic literature review analyzed publications and articles published within the last decade (2009- 2020). Based on the overall research of the 19 analyzed studies top managers, leaders, and supervisors are supposed to set a good example for their team members and employees by modeling ethical behavior. The effectiveness of top managers and leaders on employees and their performance has been thoroughly investigated in many research. All hypotheses were supported by the data collected from 19 papers, which showed that ethical leadership improves employees' in-role job performance. These findings have important research and practical consequences. Additionally, since ethical leadership is seen to be essential in enhancing the accepted business strategy in the achievement of organizations’ objectives and goals, this research will concentrate on the effects of an ethical leadership style on the performance of employees.
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CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL PROCESSES OF NAGYECSED, WITH SPECIAL REGARD TO THE SITUATION OF THE ROMA POPULATION
45-57Views:166Our research carried out in Nagyecsed is part of a longer series of research consisting of ten items, in which we primarily seek to map the main social characteristics and current social processes of settlements with the lower populations in the less-favoured regions of the country. In the course of the research, our goal is basically to get to know and present the perspectives of the local residents. A crucial consideration in the selection of the research sites was that smaller settlements in these peripheral regions are experiencing rather unfavourable socio-demographic trends, including in particular the declining population, aging, and the growing proportion of disadvantaged populations, including disadvantaged Roma. These processes - if no significant changes take place - project an even more unfavourable vision than at present. The unfavourable socio-demographic tendencies can be clearly seen in Nagyecsed. In connection with this, the main goal of the research is to explore the situation of the Roma, as well as the local community relations, especially the coexistence characteristics of the Roma and non-Roma population.
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ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE SPORT OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES, I. E.: IS THE SPORT IMPORTANT IN THE LIVES OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES?
19-34Views:494The equal opportunities approach of the second half of the 20th century emphasizes the social inclusion of disadvantaged groups, including persons with disabilities. Education and employment play a key role in achieving integration. Nevertheless, other fields such as leisure time and sporting activities also contribute positively to the social involvement of persons with disabilities. At present nearly 7,000 persons with disabilities are registered in Hungary who pursue sports competitively, of whom approximately 5,000 persons with intellectual disabilities (Regényi et.al, 2017). The study discloses the partial results of a research aimed at revealing the awareness of the Hungarian population regarding the sport of people with disabilities. As such research has never been carried out in Hungary before, it can fill in a niche. The results of our exploratory research may be the starting point for further investigations. The importance of the topic is given by the fact that thanks to the sport the focus is on the outstanding performance of the social group concerned rather than on their limitations and deficiencies, which therefore reinforces the positive and accepting attitude of citizens. Previous research findings have highlighted that the nature of disability-related knowledge influences the way the members of society think about persons with disabilities, i.e. when it is possible to provide information and gain experience focusing on the existing abilities and strengths of the above -mentioned group, attitudes become more positive as well. The findings of the research reveal that respondents consider it important to pursue sport within an integrated framework, at the same time they feel it is justified to do segregated sports with a view to persons with disabilities. Based on the results we can state that the media coverage of achievements in sports competitions of persons with disabilities is perceived as low level, but apparently it is not considered to be a key area in the lives of persons with disabilities.
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SOCIOCULTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ROMA COMMUNITY OF TISZABERCEL AND PATTERNS OF BEHAVIOR RELATED TO SCHOOLING
133-149Views:70The current paper intends to present the empirical results related to one element of a complex pedagogical anthropological research. In the course of our research, we analyzed how the educational characteristics of Roma families in the Romungro community of Tiszabercel interact with other factors influencing school progress. We tried to map the extent to which certain sociocultural factors (educational level, workplace, housing conditions, gender and age) influence parents' attitudes towards school. Regarding the methodological apparatus of our research, we relied on qualitative research methods. In addition to field research and participant observation, we conducted semi-structured interviews (n=12) with parents belonging to the local Roma community.
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SPORTING MOTIVATIONS OF STUDENTS WHO LIVE WITH DISABILITIES, IN THE LIGHT OF A REGIONAL RESEARCH
35-44Views:279Among the sports motivations of children, victory occupies a very special place, success, achievement, the need to recognize performance, which predominantly expresses extrinsic orientation (Duda et al., 1992). Studies examining sports motivational factors for people with disabilities do not provide such a comprehensive system as research on intact sports. Thus, the survey of exercise habits and sports motivation factors that determine the quality of life of people with disabilities can be said to be a deficit area both domestically and internationally. The research examines the sports motivation factors of the 8-18 age group (n = 1158) and reports the results of primary research. I present the adaptation of the questionnaire conducted among the Hungarian disabled population to a child sample and its results. No such survey has yet been conducted in Hungary among children with disabilities. In the questionnaire research, the sports habits of young people with disabilities and the emergence of the role of health awareness in sports motivation. I process the data with the help of SPSS software, in addition to the basic statistics, I use the Chi2 test to examine the correlations.
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LECTURERS IN THE POST-ACADEMIC WORLD – THE FINDINGS OF A QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
7-18Views:107We can find the trace of the fragmentation and deprofessionalisation of the lecturers’ jobs from the early nineties in the field of higher education research. The post-academic phase which was described by Ziman (2002) become more typical in Hungary, too. This shift can reduce the artisan way of research, make the quantification more significant and increase the frequency of teamwork. Scott (2009) highlights that this generates such an organisational environment that is full of elements of alienation and the usage of ICT tools can amplify this tendency. The aim of this article is to reveal the reflexions of the lecturers on this specific environment with the help in 31 semi-structured interviews. We recorded the interviews in ten cities of Hungary and the lecturers came from 12 disciplines. The elements of lecturers’ work were identified (research, teaching, administration, and taking part in applications) but it is hard to see successful examples to put these parts together in high quality. The patterns of these elements are different in the fragmented world of higher education and the expectations of institutions can form their significance at the same time. The barriers to academic careers in the post-academic phase became identifiable at the same time.
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CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL PROCESSES IN TISZALÖK
95-104Views:139Our research conducted in Tiszalök is a part of a longer, multiple part research series, in which we will identify the main social features and map the current social processes in the less populous settlements of the more deprived regions of the country in particular. Basically, the aim of our research is to understand and present the perspective of the local people. The decisive criterion for the selection of research sites was that the smaller settlements of these peripheral regions are subject to rather unfavorable socio-demographic processes, including in particular the decline in the population, aging, and the increase in the share of the disadvantaged populations. These processes – unless there are significant changes – project an even more unfavorable vision of the future. The adverse socio-demographic processes described above are definitely observable in Tiszalök. Related to this, the primary objective of the research was to understand the opportunities, goals, and vision of the local youth most affected by migration, as well as to recognize the local community relations and the characteristics of cohabitation of the Roma and non-Roma population in particular.
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APPLYING FOR AN INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH GROUP
117-119Views:49Applying for an interdisciplinary research group
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RESEARCH ETHICS IN CONTEMPORARY ANTHROPOLOGY
77-88Views:111The present study aims to promote the navigation between anthropology and ethics, or more precisely, the ethics of anthropological activity in the increasingly intense debates and discourses emerging in the field of science. The unfolding of contemporary debates, and the identification of the basic questions forming its framework, is a more complicated task than compiling a scientific history list of exchanges of ideas around the code system of professional ethics in anthropology. The analysis aims to contribute to the understanding of this and to the interpretation of the eclecticism characteristic of modern sociocultural anthropology's scientific ethics.
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FACTORS OF SETTLEMENT RETENTION IN NYÍRVASVÁRI
41-47Views:70Our research conducted in Nyírvasvári is a part of a longer, multiple-part research series, in which we will identify the main social features and map the current social processes in the less populous settlements of the more deprived regions of the country in particular. Basically, the aim of our research is to understand and present the perspective of the local people. The primary objective of the research was to explore the factors of settlement retention.
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STUDENTS' ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE USE OF FILM SEQUENCES TO IDENTIFY THE DEVELOPMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PEOPLE WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES
7-17Views:117The current study highlights the attitude of students toward the use of film sequences, as educational resources used in the course of Psychopedagogy of people with intellectual disabilities, in the online learning environment. The participants in the study were students (N = 28) in the 2nd year, who follow the Special Psycho-pedagogy study program. The research method was a questionnaire-based survey. The working tool contains 23 questions, which were developed by the authors for this research. In the introductory part, in addition to the synthesis of the specialized literature, we briefly presented the aspects related to the management of the university course, in a pandemic context, by presenting the ways in which the film sequences were used to achieve the objectives of the discipline. The results of the descriptive study show that students show a positive attitude towards the use of film sequences in teaching, learning, and final assessment activities. Thus, the students consider that the film sequences used in the course activities facilitate the understanding of the theoretical information from the course support, about the particularities in the development of people with intellectual disabilities. Additionally, the film sequences used for assessing knowledge in the final exam took students out of their comfort zone of passively taking the theoretical information and giving an answer during the online assessment tests. The research findings highlight the practical implications and future directions of research to ensure good management of course activities in the online learning environment.
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FACTORS SUPPORTING HIGHER EDUCATION OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES IN THE LIGHT OF A RESEARCH
85-99Views:220Compared to other social groups, persons with disabilities are at higher risk of poverty. One of the reasons for this can be explained by the labour market situation of people with disabilities, as their employment is extremely low, their livelihood is primarily ensured by social benefits. One of the main guarantees of achieving an adequate standard of living is income from work. The higher qualifications the employee has, the higher the chance is to have a job that suits his/her interests and abilities. However, persons with disabilities tend to have lower educational qualifications than members of the majority of society, and their higher education is particularly low. In order to achieve equal opportunities, persons with disabilities may take advantage of allowances and subsidies in the course of their higher education as well as their studies. Using qualitative, semi-structured interviews, the research explores how services promoting equal opportunities at universities facilitate the higher education of students with disabilities, support their job search and their integration into the labour market. The research also comprised the examination of how the family background or previous (primary and secondary school) studies influenced the higher education of the interviewees. Based on the research results, it can be stated that promoting equal opportunities at universities contributes to the successful completion of studies as well as participation in the labour market eventually. The family, the parents, studying in an integrated framework play a crucial role in the decision of a student with disabilities to continue his/her studies at university.
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Redefining the Societal Role of Women Among the Bukusu Community of Bungoma County in Western Kenya (1945-1923)
145-157Views:105This text delves into the redefinition of the role of women among the Bukusu of Bungoma County in western Kenya from the year 1945 to 2023. The paper’s main objective is to investigate the origin of the change of roles of women among the Bukusu people. The research holds the hypothesis that there is an origin for the prevailing transformations of roles of women among the Bukusu. It makes use of existing literature such as books, journals, articles, magazines, and newspapers, and existing observations. This research is significant in adding new knowledge to the anthropological studies of women with a particular focus on the Bukusu women of Bungoma County in Kenya. The research design employed in the article is historical methods with the utilization of books, journals, and research works as secondary sources that will back and complement the author’s observations. The article establishes that changes in the roles of women in the Bukusu community emanate from missionary activities, colonialism especially the colonial cash crop economy, and political modernization in the region.
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THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE LET’S TEACH FOR HUNGARY MENTORING PROGRAM
87-101Views:280The disadvantaged situation has been a problem in the field of education for decades, and several disadvantage-compensation programs have been set up to reduce it. This includes the mentoring process, the primary purpose of which is to provide support and assistance to a younger individual. The subjects of the research are the students participating in the Let’s teach for Hungary mentoring program. The questionnaire survey was conducted in the autumn of 2019 (n=585), during which we focused on the children's expectations of the mentoring program, their learning difficulties, learning motivation, and their plans for further learning. Students can be classified into clusters based on their motivations, which highlights that the range of participants is not homogeneous from this aspect either. The coronavirus epidemic has posed a significant challenge to traditional education, and the opportunities offered by personal mentoring have been pushed into the background over the past year and a half. Educators and students have faced numerous challenges in the transition to digital education (Kristóf, 2020). Attendance mentoring could continue in the form of distance mentoring. In our current research, we examine the existence of distance mentoring, the exploration of experiences, and the preparedness of the participants in the Teach for Hungary program. Data collection began in December 2021, and the query process is still ongoing. We carry out the survey using a mixed method. We collect quantitative data among students with the help of questionnaires, which focus on the experiences, opinions, and readiness of the children. In addition, we use a qualitative, interview-based research method that provides an understanding of more comprehensive experiences. We conduct interviews with educators, mentors, and mentored students. The subjects of the research are primary school students, mentors, and teachers of a small settlement in Hajdú-Bihar county and Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county (n=60 people).
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TEACHING GERMAN IN NYÍREGYHÁZA TO STUDENTS WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS
69-81Views:171The present paper deals with the issues of teaching a second language to school-aged children with SEN in Nyíregyháza, Hungary. In our research, we made semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions featuring 25 children with Special Educational Needs in grades 7 and 8 in order to gain more information about their opinion and attitudes concerning German lessons at school, which in turn might help to unify the material and/or the methods. We also contacted the children’s parents (25) to fill out a questionnaire about their impressions and opinions with regard to their children’s German learning experience at school. Finally, we asked the two teachers to paint a broader picture of teaching German to children with SEN. The research took place in spring 2020 in Nyíregyháza. We did our research in Viktor Göllesz Vocational School, Skills Development School, Student Hostel, and Integrated Special Educational Methodological Institution as well as in Gusztáv Bárczi Primary School, Skills Development School, Student Hostel, and Integrated Special Educational Methodological Institution. To carry out our research, we asked for the parents’ and the head teachers’ ethical consent. Our experience underlines that all the participants in the teaching process feel that there is a need for unification. It would be much easier for all parties to have a German coursebook written for students aged 13-16 with SEN. Based on the answers of the language teachers, we came to the conclusion that they pay attention to individual development and playful, communicative language teaching, even though it is challenging to teach German to children with SEN, as they often have difficulties in their mother tongue.
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THE SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS AND ACADEMIC PREPAREDNESS OF STEM STUDENTS IN HUNGARY
73-86Views:153Although the dropout behavior and labor market opportunities of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) students and the masculinization of STEM fields are all well-researched topics in STEM research, there is a very limited body of literature focusing on the social background and academic preparedness of STEM applicants. Thus, in this research, we compared STEM and non-STEM students based on their type of settlement, type of secondary school program, the rate of students coming from a disadvantaged background, extra points given for academic accomplishments, and total application score. To identify variables that significantly predict getting admitted to a STEM field, we conducted binary logistic regression. During our research, we conducted the analysis using the 2017 Hungarian Admission Database. Our sample consisted of those who got admitted to a full-time BA/BSc or undivided course (N = 41324). According to our results, STEM students cannot be identified as a disadvantaged group either in terms of their social background or their lack of academic preparedness. According to the results of the binary logistic regression, the main predictors of getting admitted to a STEM field are gender (male), having a language certificate, and having a vocational training certificate. The main goal of our research was to explore whether the individual characteristics of STEM students can be the reason behind the high attrition rates specific to STEM fields. Since our results did not support this conclusion, we suppose to further investigate the role of institutional variables (such as climate, the selective approach of college teachers, and high academic expectations) in dropouts.
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PARENTAL FACTORS INFLUENCING SCHOOL ACHIEVEMENTS OF PUPILS IN ILORIN METROPOLIS, KWARA STATE
35-51Views:83The purpose of this study was to evaluate how parental influences affected students' academic performance in the Kwara State capital of Ilorin. Researchers have expressed worry over students' low academic performance in school, and it is commonly acknowledged that for students to fully benefit from their education, their parents must give them their entire support. The research was a survey. All primary school teachers in the city of Ilorin made up the study's population, and a mixed method approach was used on a sample of 215 respondents (of whom 200 completed questionnaires and 15 participated in interviews). Simple random and selective sampling methods were used to choose the sample. The data was gathered via a survey called the "Parental Factors Influence School Achievements of Children Questionnaire" (PFISAPQ). The factors taken into account were gender, age, educational background, and number of years of teaching experience. Demographic information was expressed as a percentage, and the two null hypotheses were tested using the 2-way ANOVA statistical tool at the 0.05 level of significance. Mean and rank order analysis was used to analyze the research questions, and thematic analysis was then used to analyze the subsequent questions raised to support the main research questions. The results showed that, among other things, parental involvement, parental oversight, parental involvement in extracurricular activities, parental academic background, parental interest in education, and parent-child relationships are the primary factors positively affecting children's academic success. Also, significant differences existed in the parental factors influencing school achievements of pupils as expressed by primary school teachers based on gender, age, educational qualification, and years of teaching experience. It was recommended that parents should be encouraged to improve their involvement in children’s academic activities by supporting them and being actively involved in encouraging pupils to learn and achieve maximally in school.