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TEACHING GERMAN TO STUDENTS WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS HUNGARIAN AND INTERNATIONAL OVERVIEW
55-67Views:277Nowadays teaching children with Special Educational Needs (SEN) is at the centre of attention. However, the field is really new in language pedagogy and, due to the students’ different abilities, a common methodology has yet to be developed. As a result, teachers’ creativity plays an even more important role, since they rely heavily on their own teaching experience. We will dive deeper into this topic in our two papers built upon each other, both dealing with the issues of teaching a second language to school-aged children with SEN. This present paper is about teaching German students with SEN at a Hungarian and an international level. Our research involves an international overview of several European countries (Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Romania, Poland, Russia, Estonia, and Italy). We contacted specific institutions in those countries and asked for their experience in teaching a second language to children with SEN. It also includes the language learning characteristics of children with SEN as well as the Hungarian rules governing their language teaching.
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WINDMILL FIGHT? THE SITUATION OF BESD STUDENTS AND THEIR PARENTS AND TEACHERS IN THE VIEW OF INTERVIEWS WITH DEVELOPMENT TEACHERS
113-124Views:300Nowadays, there is a strong focus on students with learning and behavioural difficulties, both internationally and nationally. Their growing number year by year is challenging teachers to develop their skills and to learn new methods to alleviate or eliminate the problems these students are struggling with. Numerous studies have focused on the underlying causes of the achievement of the average student, while relatively little research has examined the individuals and factors that influence the achievement of students with BESD. This study analyses one interview with a focus group and five semi-structured interviews with teachers of development. The current exploratory interview study focuses on the role that developmental teachers and teachers play in the educational lives of students with these difficulties, and whether the parents of these students are more involved in their school education than parents of average students.
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RESEARCH OF CONNECTIONS BETWEEN GENDER RATIOS AND CHOICES BASED ON FELLOW FEELING IN CLASSES INTEGRATING MILD INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY CHILDREN
51-66Views:127In our study, the main focus has been on class communities integrating children with mild intellectual disabilities. The sample examined involved four classes, each consisting of 20 students, two of which had more boys than girls, and one had an integrated boy, while the other had an integrated girl. In the other two communities, girls were the majority, with one boy and one girl integrated in them respectively. Our aim was to observe the correlation of gender proportions and the choices of likes and dislikes. Therefore a quality-focused analysis has been performed. Sociometry has been applied as a method and data analysis has been carried out by the Smetry software. Among our results we would like to highlight that the non-reciprocal choices of likes and dislikes are more frequent in between the same gender and the need to connect with a classmate of the same or „similar” sociometric status has been realized among the students several times. The relevancy of our last supposition – that within the classes with a female majority the status of girls is worse especially if they are integrated – has been proven by striking results. The sociometric status of girls has been the least favorable in classes where the majority and the integrated student are also girls.
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REGION, RELIGION AND POLITICS PRESENTED ON RADIO BY PROFESSOR MANDICA MANJA KOVAČEVIĆ, PH.D.
111-119Views:143Doctor Mandica Manja Kovačević (1929–2011) was a professor at several Croatian teacher training colleges (Čakovec, Kutina, and Gospić) and the author of three books and some 60 papers in various journals. She moderated a weekly ten-minute program for the local radio station in Gospić in the first decade of the 21st century. Thus, more than 300 radio contributions were produced, of which seventy were published in the book “Life on the Highest Wave” (Gospić, 2010). By researching and presenting phonographic recordings not included in the aforementioned book, this paper focused on the topics dealing with the affairs from the Croatian society in the first decade of the 21 century serving as an original sample by means of which Professor Kovačević had presented her personal views and attitudes resulting from life experience and local and traditional expectations. Professor Kovečević’s original reviews have attracted the attention of a large number of listeners because they have been able to find answers to questions that are usually contemplated by a contemporary man torn apart between existential challenges and spiritual search.
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L'EFFETTO DEI SOCIAL MEDIA SULLA LINGUA ITALIANA
123-128Views:96Il presente studio ha valutato le caratteristiche e gli atteggiamenti nell'uso della lingua di n = 97 madrelingua italiani in relazione all'interazione tra i social media e la lingua italiana. I risultati mostrano che i social media hanno solo una piccola influenza sull'uso della lingua degli intervistati e non è chiaro se gli utenti della lingua vedano il cambiamento nella lingua italiana come un'evoluzione o una regressione.
THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON THE ITALIAN LANGUAGE
In the Italian-language study, n = 97 native-speaking Italian respondents were assessed for their language use characteristics and attitudes in relation to the interaction between Social Media and the Italian language. The results show that Social Media has only a small influence on the language use of the respondents and it is not clear whether language users see the change in the Italian language as evolution or regression.
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ELECTRA SIGNATURE CUSTOMER GATE, PDF / XMP BASED DOCUMENT AUTHENTICATOR SERVICE
65-85Views:107An Ügyfélkapu, a government authentication-based electronic signature service will be detailed in our paper. This service was designed to accomplish the rules of semantic Web and component-based design. The important milestones of the birth process of e-signature are described in our other paper, Electronic signature. The services of Electra Signature are described in this study. Thanks to the semantic Web infrastructures Electra can cooperate with other semantic Web-based applications, for example, FOAF using as a digital business card. We also inspected the laws of e-signature and we shared these with you in the previously mentioned study to help to create well-formed agreements.
We would like to absolutely highlight the importance of special needed people' help options such as Electra service. Thanks to the Ügyfélkapu they can easier use e-signature than the general certificate-based solution.
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DIFFERENCES IN PURPOSES AND LIFE-GOALS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF HEALTH BEHAVIOR IN A ROMANIAN ADOLESCENT SAMPLE
19-29Views:139The goal of this research was to investigate specific personality factors theorized to be involved in adolescents’ health behavior, such as individual differences in the level of purposes in life and the variations of life goals. The instrumentation for the study was a self-completed questionnaire, which included items for assessing health-behavior data, the Purposes in Life scale, and the Aspiration Index for life-goals’ assessment. There were 385 teenage study participants aged between 16-18 years (mean = 16.8 years; 182 boys – 47.3 % and 203 girls – 52,7%) in Transylvania, Romania. Results showed that adolescents who engaged in health-protective behaviors (e.g., physical activity, fruit /vegetable consumption) reported higher levels of purposes in life and intrinsic life-goals, such as affiliation or personal growth. Conversely, those engaged in health risky behaviors (e.g., substance use, sweet/soft drink consumption) not only reported lower levels in having a purpose in life but also tended to report fewer health goals for the future as well as personal growth. These findings argue that health professionals should incorporate and emphasize the development of teenagers’ life goals and purposes in the design and conceptualization of school-based prevention and health promotion programs that focus on fostering healthy lifestyle adoption.
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SEPARATE? TOGETHER? WHERE OVER?
147-156Views:97In the history of special education in Hungary, after the establishment and successful operation of segregated special education institutions with a long history, public education has come to many forms of co-education, the paths of which are still not unhindered. These problems point to the need for many changes in the way the education system works. Without constant and permanent development of teachers and innovative innovations in learning methods, success can hardly be expected. But there are other important issues to be addressed. The present study focuses primarily on the direction in which trends can be found in the light of the past. While exploring the current issues, we would like to provide a new framework for interpretation by highlighting and linking some of the results of two recently completed studies (Szabóné, 2022; Trembulyák, 2022) and by placing them in the context of the topic of the study. The study also aims to draw attention to the current trend that the school life of pupils with special educational needs who have participated in co-education at the primary level becomes more difficult as they progress to secondary education. This can significantly reduce not only their career choices but also their opportunities for successful social integration.
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SWIMMING AS A TOOL FOR PRESERVING AND MAINTAINING HEALTH
35-47Views:535It is worth taking various preventive measures against the sedentary lifestyle, inadequate nutrition, and the harmful effects of stress on health. Swimming can be an excellent tool for this, which people consider to be one of the healthiest sports. How do people feel about this form of movement? Are you aware of the areas in which it is having a multifaceted positive impact? We sought answers to these and similar questions in our research. The study involved 126 people, all over the age of 40. Our method was an online questionnaire. Our results show that the multifaceted, positive effects of swimming are largely known to people, but there are still problem areas that are worth further investigation.
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DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS (DSM):TO BE OR NOT TO BE
95-103Views:1825Although the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is considered to be one of the best diagnostic guides of all times, there are some voices that question its practicality, functionality, and flexibility as well. Even if it has never claimed it to be perfect, it is only stated/portrayed as an organized guide or guidance for information. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is the most widely used and acknowledged, and as well as time honoured (with successive editions over 70 years) system for diagnosing mental disorders in the United States and all over the world. Since 1952, the first edition (DSM-I) and its successive time honoured editions over 70 years. This study is focussing on debates, issues and concerns related to DSM-5, which has had in effect since 2013.
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ANALYZING THE FACTORS INFLUENCING HEALTH BEHAVIOR IN CHILDHOOD – THE IMPACT OF MEDIA- AND COMPUTER USAGE ON HEALTH BEHAVIOR
61-67Views:228According to WHO a new integrative mindset became relevant nowadays which sees people as bio-psycho-social-spiritual wholes. These factors start to form in childhood and those who work with people have a great responsibility to help to deploy them. The media and the internet have the main role in influencing these 4 dimensions. In our article, we attempt to reveal the effects of this psychologically relevant question on health behavior. Several risk behaviors can be mentioned which are caused by uncontrolled media and internet usage. Bullying through electronic devices („cyberbullying”) occurs more and more frequently which has multiple reasons. Nevertheless, in connection with the social dimension of well-being, an important cause of internet usage appears the sense of belonging. The formation of health psychology was legitimate as the biomedical model failed and the expenses of health care and the interest towards the quality of life increased, also alternative solutions became more in demand.
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THE SITUATION OF INTEGRATION-SEGREGATION IN THE LIGHT OF A RESEARCH
19-31Views:666Integration has been an international trend over the last two or three decades, the impact of which is increasingly evident in Hungary. EU resolutions emphasize social inclusion (UNESCO 1995, Europe 1998), ie advocating that children with special educational needs should not be unfairly discriminated against and excluded from society (UNESCO 1995). Integrated education in public education is a means of creating opportunities (Mesterházi, 2002). In the integrated and segregated institution we present the results of a questionnaire survey of nursing teachers (n = 86) on the issue of integration, we were curious about how receptive the experts were. that a significant proportion of teachers in mainstream schools agree partly with integrated education on the basis of the responses given. Both their teachers and the special educators do not consider it appropriate, enough to implement integrated education.
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The Role and Importance of Obstacle Course Training for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
63-74Views:79Aim: In this study, we set out to describe the motor development deficits of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) based on existing research and to provide a methodologically based recommendation for the use of obstacle courses as a motor development tool and opportunity for children with ASD. Methods: a primary research study was conducted to present the results of semi-structured in-depth interviews with parents of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (N=25). The aim of the study was to provide a comprehensive summary of the experiences of a group of 25 interview participants whose children with autism spectrum disorder participated in an obstacle course movement development programme. The interviews explored the impact of obstacle course movement development on the children's various skills (motor, social, communication and emotional/behavioural). Results: the parents' experiences confirmed that the obstacle course physical activity programme, which was provided for at least six months, was not only effective in developing children's gross motor and fine motor skills, but also led to positive changes in social relationships, social skills, communication skills and emotional behaviour.
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LEARNING GERMAN WITH DYSLEXIA
67-75Views:223The current study provides insight into the specificities of dyslexic pupils learning German as a foreign language by measuring their language lexical knowledge. The aim was to explore the nature of dyslexia whilst learning a foreign language. Should we really free all such pupils from the strains of learning a foreign language? Or is it a case of finding the appropriate methodology to learn a new language? The goal is to measure language skills in a foreign language and draw inferences from this. Method: Word association exercises are used to measure the lexical knowledge of children with learning disorders, including dyslexia. Sample: 19 students with learning disorders. Conclusion: The results clearly indicate that we should find pupils’ individual strengths and utilise these, instead of simply exempting pupils from learning foreign languages.
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THE STORYTELLING CHAIR AS A TOOL TO DEVELOP THE ELABORATED LANGUAGE CODE IN STEP BY STEP ALTERNATIVE EDUCATION
83-97Views:113In the study, we investigate the storytelling chair, a pedagogical tool of Step by Step, a popular alternative educational format in Romania, using Basil Bernstein's theory of language codes. During the qualitative research conducted in the spring semester of the school year 2021/2022, we conducted observations and semi-structured individual interviews in a Hungarian-speaking school in Partium (Romania) with primary school teachers who use the storytelling chair every day (n=11). The interviews showed that the storytelling chair has elements that are characteristic of the elaborated code. The pedagogical tool under study dissolves the situational nature of comprehension, the children tell the story as the only one who knows it, thus playfully encouraging them to communicate their experiences to the class through a variety of linguistic means, while giving them the space to express themselves freely, without the "I" being subordinated to the "we". The storytelling chair brings the symbolism of home and school closer together, and language can help them build a bridge between the two worlds.
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PATTERNS OF STARTING A FAMILY AMONG YOUTH
31-40Views:116More radical changes can be observed when we examine the demographical characteristics of our country. On the one hand, the number of marriages has reduced since 1990 and the number of singles and divorced have increased. People get married and have children later and the number of births is reduced. In our theme, we examined the attitudes which are related to choosing a partner and having children among the youth (15-19 years old) who live in Nyíregyháza. Our data were compared with the results of the national youth research. Our result shows a definitely pro-marriage and child-centered local, young society. According to our results, most of the respondents prefer having two children. Only some of the respondents (5%) would not like to have a baby. Nowadays most singles imagine that they will get married in the future.
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POSSIBLE CONSEQUENCES OF THE EFFECTS OF ONLINE AND IN-PERSON INFORMATION PROCESSING ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF LANGUAGE SKILLS IN CHILDHOOD
101-110Views:300The following study provides a brief overview of some research findings, both Hungarian and international, that draw attention to the dangers of using digital devices in childhood, particularly to the potential for damage to the nervous system, locomotor, and speech development. In all cases, we seek to support the data with clear explanations, from the standpoint of developmental neurology and language development. As a counterweight to the questions raised, we will present equestrian and storytelling task types that illustrate the essential role of personal presence heard speech, and (mainly outdoor) exercise in the development of children's partial skills, such as speech production, speech perception, and speech comprehension. Each of the cases reported here stems from the experience of our equestrian practice. This awareness-raising study was designed to draw attention to the fact that the optimal timing of children’s encounters with the digital world is still unresolved, and that the marginalization of the off-line world poses more dangers than many people think.
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CAN THERE BE A RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NLP ASSUMPTIONS AND SUBJECTIVE WELFARE?
79-86Views:107This study investigates the relationship between the acceptance of the presuppositions of neurolinguistic programming (NLP) and the level of subjective well-being (SWB), psychological immunity, and assertive communication. The results provide evidence that acceptance of the presuppositions represent a way of thinking that is positively associated with SWB and it is also positively related to psychological immunity. However, no association was found between the acceptance of the presuppositions and assertive behaviour which may suggest that there is a gap between conceptual acceptance and its practical realization.
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CULTURAL DIVERSITY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION THE CASE OF REGGIO EMILIA APPROACH IN DUBAI
71-80Views:130Although the term “culture” is a controversial term and there is no unified meaning that is accepted by all, societies deal with culture in every aspect of day-to-day life and interactions. The dilemma of how to introduce or accept a culture or cultural norm in a society, especially a society that is regarded as multicultural, is felt more intensely. Within international schools and specifically, in the multicultural society of countries such as the United Arab Emirates, this cultural diversity is clearly visible. On the other hand, the world-known and famous Reggio Emilia approach which has been successful in numerous Western countries has found its way to pre-primary education in the UAE. This paper will look into the implementation of the Reggio Emilia approach in the culturally diverse society of the UAE compared to Italy and other Western countries. The aim is to see if the important aspects of the Reggio Emilia approach such as teachers as researchers, children as citizens with rights, the role of the environment, curricula as long-term projects, and finally, parents as partners in education enterprise, are indeed implemented in the Reggio Emilia nurseries in the UAE. Or could it be the case that due to the cultural diversity of the UAE this implementation in its full and exact sense is not possible and nurseries in the UAE are only inspired by the approach?
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HYPERACTIVE CHILD IN THE CLASS
49-58Views:233In the last decade, the issue of school education of children struggling with learning and behavioral disorder has come to the front in domestic as well as foreign pedagogies. The recognition and judgment of hyperactivity are characterized by uncertainty and extremes since increasingly all lively kids with excessive movement are labeled hyperactive. In turn, early detection of the disorders would enable children to get appropriate help. The following study consists of two main parts: a theoretical and a practical one. The practical part introduces concrete case studies assisting the early detection. The behavioral forms of three hyperactive children and their characteristic symptoms are explicated more broadly taking into consideration the family and school circumstances. It also aligns the forms of assistance and help in schools and gives concrete ideas and advice to teachers.
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DIDACTIC GAMES TO DEVELOP MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS FOR CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS IN KINDERGARTEN
83-93Views:277Children with developmental disorders do not acquire the same way as do children with an age-appropriate intellectual level, so it needs to be carefully chosen what kind of methods to use and in what way to teach the children. For preschool children, the most efficient and simplest method of teaching mathematics is a playful approach to learning activities. The purpose of this work was to create a set of materials to support the teaching and learning of mathematical concepts for preschool-age children with special needs. There were created learning materials such as Train, Shelves, Long and short, Butterflies and cars, Wide and narrow road, and board game Owls. All the learning materials, including a board game, are laminated and most of them are provided with velcro strips to stick different parts. All the learning materials are tested on preschool-age children and asked specialists and teachers, who work with children with special needs, to give their expert evaluation. Learning materials support teaching mathematical concepts for preschool-age children with special needs.
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THE "INSTITUTIONALIZATION" OF THE LOVARI LANGUAGE FROM THE ASPECT OF SOCIAL INNOVATION
85-93Views:83In this current paper we intend to reflect upon the historicity and social impact of Lovari language education from the perspective of social innovation. Our starting point is that the process of the acceptance of the Lovari language and its recognition in the educational palette of foreign languages is a „bottom-up” initiative that developed mainly from the work of Romani intellectuals. The focus of our interest is, among others, the following questions: Who invented it? Who supported it? Who prevented it? What language learning methods are used by people teaching Lovari language who are originally not language teachers? The „institutionalization” of language education in Lovari and the state-recognized language exam certificate that can be obtained in this language have a serious social impact, for example, it helped disadvantaged and/or Roma students to obtain a university degree. From this point of view, we also consider this phenomenon as an innovation. Besides the secondary sources, we tend to map the topic with the help of primary, qualitative data. In addition to interviews with Lovari language teachers (N=3) who have been teaching for several decades, we would like to put our own perceptions in a narrative.
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THE BODY: INSIDE AND OUTSIDE
51-57Views:85The reality of the child's life is through bodily experience. The early-motion reflex correction program builds on body experiences. It is very important for the body to move consciously, feelings, body experiences, and feedback are important. According to Fodorné, it is not generally necessary to provide an ingenious environment but to develop sound stimulation programs during motion development. Progress should be considered in a dynamic system approach. The system is part of the whole personality of the child, physical and mental abilities, personal and physical environments, etc. The absence, multitude, excess, and unpredictable imbalance of the stimulus can have consequences. The theories of phenomenological thinkers, neuroscience, INPP movement, and psychology research are analyzed.
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Impact of the Pandemic on Adults' Social Relationships and Health
51-62Views:48During the COVID-19 pandemic and its aftermath, numerous researchers have investigated the societal impacts of the pandemic, the resulting changes of which continue to be integral parts of people's lives. Generally, it can be stated that individuals' health behaviors have significantly transformed due to the restrictions. In our study, we examined Hungarian adults (n=336), focusing on assessing their experiences related to harmful addictions, mental health, and maintaining social relationships. The respondents reported that over half of them communicated and/or met with acquaintances and friends less during the pandemic. 72% of the respondents reported smoking the same amount, while 36% consumed the same amount of alcohol as before the pandemic. Regarding harmful addictions (alcohol consumption and smoking), a proportional relationship was found between the frequencies of the two variables. Those who smoked more than before the pandemic also consumed alcohol more frequently, and this trend was also observed in the decrease in frequencies. Respondents who did not experience changes in their smoking habits also held similar views on alcohol consumption. Women respondents exhibited greater emotional fluctuation than male respondents when asked about the frequency of experiencing depression and feelings of hopelessness. Overall, the majority of participants (54.8%) experienced worsened mental health due to the pandemic, and it was found that the adverse effects of the pandemic period were more pronounced on women's (60.3%) mental health compared to men’s (46.2%).
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A PROPOSAL TO SYSTEMATIZE FREQUENTLY CONCEPTS IN THE FIELD OF CAREER GUIDANCE
7-19Views:203In the Hungarian language, there are more concepts in connection with career guidance, but their meaning and relation with each other sometimes seem not clear enough. The present paper: a) highlights that their hits numbers are different in the cases of seeking in Google, MATARKA, and EPA databases too, b) tries to find the causes of its different hits numbers, c) suggests a possible solution for systematizing of these concepts.