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REVIEW A BOOK "THE DROP. THE CLASS STRUCTURE OF THE SEMI-PERIPHERAL HUNGARIAN SOCIETY"BY MÁRK ÁRON ÉBER
115-119Views:289Review a book "The drop. The class structure of the semi-peripheral Hungarian society"by Márk Áron Éber.
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’LEARNING AND SOCIETY’: INTERDISCIPLINARY INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE (2022)
165-167Views:94Conference
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COMPARISON OF THE FAMILIARITY OF GRADE 4 ROMA AND NON-ROMA SCHOOL CHILDREN WITH SOME BIOLOGICAL TERMS IN ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
47-60Views:135Most of the Roma settlements in Croatia are spatially segregated from the settlements of the majority population. Specific cultural elements constitute the ethnic border towards the local population, making it difficult and reducing the possibility of their integration into the majority population. One of the results of that segregation is the unfamiliarity of the Roma children with the language of the majority population. This unfamiliarity with the Croatian language is a big obstacle for the integration of the Roma children into Croatian society through school education. Starting from Grade 1 they follow the regular school curriculum. Two of the subjects that are taught from the very beginning of their primary school education are Natural Science and English as a foreign language. In this paper, the authors present the results (statistical analysis and discussion) of their research study. It compares the familiarity of Roma and Non-Roma Grade 4 children (age 10) with some biological terms in English as a foreign language. Based on the results of their research, the authors suggest modifications of the school curriculum for Roma children that would enable their better school achievement and subsequently their easier integration into Croatian society.
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INVITATION FOR ’LEARNING AND SOCIETY’ INTERDISCIPLINARY INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE (2022)
137-139Views:72Invitation
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’LEARNING AND SOCIETY’ INTERDISCIPLINARY INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE (2022)
155-157Views:81CALL FOR ’LEARNING AND SOCIETY’ INTERDISCIPLINARY INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE (2022)
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CONNECTIONS BETWEEN SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS EMPLOYEES WITH DISABILITIES
7-17Views:1262Since the annexation to the European Union, exceptional attention has been directed to equal opportunities and equal treatment of disadvantaged social groups in Hungary too. The Hungarian state tries to ensure the first and foremost with legal tools. It is, however, not enough to result in lasting changes in the attitude of society. Personal experiences, as well as, positive messages transmitted by others can produce a positive effect on the development of inclusive approaches. With respect to sociodemographic characteristics (e.g. gender, age, school qualification) investigations into this field suggest different research results. The questionnaire data collection took place in three districts of Hungary. The research was aimed at questioning two test groups, on one hand, the employees of social institutions who mainly deal with disadvantaged persons, on the other hand, the residents of the given districts, who have the knowledge and approach of an average citizen. The ingenuity of the research is put down to the fact that in Hungary there had never been researching to explore the attitudes of social employees. A total of 747 persons filled in the questionnaires, out of which 408 employees in social institutions and 339 district residents. This present study discloses the deeper connections of the research results which are observable between the two test groups’ attitudes to persons with disabilities and sociodemographic characteristics. Its significance is crucial in identifying the characteristics of the colleague playing an actual role in the integration who, as a reference person, with his own personal involvement can promote the integration of disabled persons into workplace communities. In the research of attitudes three well-distinguished clusters were outlined, which were named as follows: accepting, uncertain/indifferent, rejecting. The study investigates what kind of sociodemographic characteristics the residents, and social workers who belong to the three clusters have. Do people who belong to the same cluster posses similar attributes in both test samples? What kind of attributes has the residents and social workers got who show a higher level of acceptance? According to the findings of the research, the attitudes of the district residents differ in age, school qualification, and personal experience, whereas in the case of the social workers the difference in attitudes depends on age and school qualification.
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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DISABILITY ATTITUDE FORMATION PROGRAMS THAT CAN BE USED IN PUBLIC EDUCATION
65-80Views:202Social sensitization created in an organized form can be an extremely powerful tool for society to become more accepting of different disabilities, and all of these can also support the more effective social integration of people with disabilities. Rejection or distancing can mostly be the result of a lack of information, so if society gets more insight and information about all this, a higher degree of acceptance can be assumed. In recent decades, the number of programs and events that set this goal has increased spectacularly. Based on the conclusions of international attitude surveys, it can be formulated as an essential variable the quality and quantity of information the respondent has about the given group, whether there is a person with a disability in his microenvironment, whether he has already established an interaction with them, and also the impulses received from the immediate environment, the family values can be an influencing factor. The foreign research on the subject also points out that attitude formation started at an early age can be really effective, and that the impulses received in institutional education can largely determine the attitude of students towards their peers with disabilities. After summarizing the international and domestic attitude research, an analysis of sensitization programs available in Hungary within the framework of institutional education, which may be suitable for shaping attitudes towards disability, was carried out with the help of a system of criteria compiled along these lines. The aspects of the analysis include how many types of disabilities are included, which age group the program is suitable for, with what intensity and how many times participation is possible, the nature of the knowledge transfer, and whether it is possible to come into contact with a disabled person, thus giving the opportunity to gather personal experience. The aim of the analysis is to compare the available programs with the results of foreign attitude surveys to identify the most optimal and widely applicable sensitization programs.
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ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AMONG THE POPULATION OF HAJDÚBÖSZÖRMÉNY OVER 65 YEARS OF AGE
67-76Views:186The importance of physical activity is increasingly recognized by many people, both laymen, and professionals. Regular exercise at all ages contributes to strengthening the different dimensions of health. Ideally, physical activity is integrated into our lives from an early age, however, based on public health indicators, unfortunately, the opposite trend is to be seen in Hungary. One of the most striking features of demographic processes is the continuous increase in the number and proportion of the elderly population. In an ageing society, it is crucial to maintain good health conditions for people over 65 for the following reasons: to improve the quality of life of the individual, to reduce health expenditures, and because of the inevitably increased number of elderly in the labour market. National demographic changes are just as characteristic in Hajdúböszörmény, so it is worth examining the components of the physical activity of the local population. The aim of our research is to explore the characteristics of exercising related to work, transport, household work, and leisure sports. Unfortunately, as well as the amount, the quality of the population’s time spent exercising is below international recommendations. Mapping the exercising motives of the elderly confirmed our assumption that the preservation of physical and mental health is the main drive behind the activity of the target group.
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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF YOUTH'S HEALTH-RISK LIFESTYLE IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF THEIR CULTURAL DIFFERENCES
7-20Views:209Health-related, primarily lifestyle-associated activities are increasingly emphasized in the lives of young people and their cultural communities. The aim of the research is to explore behavioral strategies that maintain health and to understand those societies and the environmental factors that predispose risk behaviors. The questionnaire includes items about demographics, lifestyle, family and school environment, and health risk factors. Participants are 280 youngsters from the 11-12th graders of Târgu-Mureş and Eger. The study was conducted in February 2011 on a stratified sample using a self-completed questionnaire method. Our results showed significant differences between the two groups in terms of life satisfaction, frequency of alcohol consumption, but also in terms of family support, school acceptance, and teachers' attitudes toward students. We found gender differences in health-related self-esteem, subjective body image, body weight control, frequency, and amount of alcohol consumption, but also in school attitudes, time spent with friends.
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FIRST-GENERATION YOUNG PEOPLE'S CHANCES OF OBTAINING A DEGREE BASED ON A LARGE SAMPLE ANALYSIS
17-30Views:90Thy system of higher education can be analysed from the aspects of inequalities. The chance of attendance, the achievement, the phenomenon of drop-out, and types of training programs are approached from the students’ social background. Our analysis focuses on the chance of graduation of first-in-family people. The relatively rigid feature of Hungarian society and the lower mobility rate create a specific background for our research. Hungarian Youth Survey 2016 and 2020 databases were used during this analysis and we separated the subsample of young people between 25 and 29 (N2016= 2906, N2020=2874). We try to discover the patterns of parents’ educational reproduction, describe the features of first-in-family people, and identify those factors which can form the chance of graduation. A binary regression model was run by us in which the dependent variable was the obtaining of a degree and the list of independent variables contained socio-demographic variables (sex, type of settlement, the economic situation of the region, economic situation, parental educational level, the type of parental profession), different life events (crises, the number of children, etc.) and the identification with the parental lifestyle. With these results, we can identify such an intersectional life situation (being a woman, habitation in cities, more favourable economic situation, mother’s white collar work, medium parental educational level, without children) in which the chance of graduation is higher.
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HOLISTIC HEALTH PROMOTION (HHP): PRESENT SITUATION
61-80Views:297The health status of the Hungarian population is worse than that of other similarly developed countries’ populations. An important cause for this phenomenon can be characterized as a high prevalence of unhealthy living and deficient health literacy. An important tool to change is efficient health promotion in kindergarten and school. Children and young people spend many years in these institutions, and the way their teachers contact them will influence their health behavior. Therefore it is highly important that holistic health promotion has been prescribed for all schools and kindergartens since 2012 in Hungary. Our paper presents reasonableness and a short summary of the holistic health promotion in educational institutions as well as the helping actions given for teachers by the government.
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THE SOCIAL INTEGRATION AND SOCIAL MOBILITY: AN EXAMPLE FROM HODÁSZ
Views:99The paper examines the social mobility process of Romani youngsters in a settlement that is in one of the most disadvantaged regions of Hungary. Hodász became the centre of interest due to the relevant research concerning the mobility issue, because here, just contrary to the communities have similar sociocultural features, there are number of young Romani who could stand out by learning. The author interprets in wider aspects the determinative local norms, and the scale of values of local Vlach Romani community make possible for lots of local youngsters, that they can be graduated. In the second part of the paper the reader can understand the intellectual career by three studies, and consequently the social integration doesn’t automatically yield social mobility. In the situational analyses of Hodász example can be circumscribed the specific preconditions of intellectual career in the case of the young Romani and disadvantageous.
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EFFECTS OF LABOR MARKET INTEGRATION, IN PARTICULAR CHANGES IN BEHAVIOR AND QUALITY OF LIFE
33-49Views:105The program you want to show is novel because it provides assistance to job seekers who face mental, social, or health problems, it also provides a complex service package that includes labor market, social and health services. The program can respond individually to the existing difficulties, thus improving the quality of life of the participants. The aim of the study is to examine the factors that determine the behavioral changes and the quality of life quality among the job seekers who can't be included in employment for mental, social, or health reasons. Methods: In our study, we monitored changes in general well-being, livelihoods, financial backgrounds, family backgrounds, health problems, work-related problems, social services, and healthcare services during the five months of the program, and analyzed the results obtained by quantitative and qualitative methods. Conclusion: Well-being has a positive effect on both the subjective emotional experiences of employees, their work performance, and their workplace behavior. We think that society should pay attention to sensitizing employers, develop insurance programs for complex packages of support, to ensure workplace factors influencing the improvement of the quality of life for workers' attention. The quality of life of our study confirmed that adequate support (mentoring, counseling, through programs supporting), to increase job satisfaction, workplace, which has many advantages in terms of not only the individual, but employers and society: improving the quality of work, the Workplace behavior and morale, less absenteeism, lower sickness, and fluctuation rates, and employment rate increases.
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The First Steps of the Auxiliary School at the Turn of the 19th and 20th Centuries in Hungary
111-118Views:32Among the public education efforts at the end of the 19th century, the compulsory school attendance. There were a significant number of compulsory school children whose physical and mental condition did not allow them to attend public schools. For them, they also looked for opportunities at the international level that would help them become useful members of society. This was provided by the auxiliary school for disabled children. At the turn of the century, the need for this became clear not only to professionals, but also to the government. The pedagogical press of the turn of the century also dealt with the admission possibilities of these students, the training of their teachers, their teaching methodology, and their future employment opportunities.
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ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE SPORT OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES, I. E.: IS THE SPORT IMPORTANT IN THE LIVES OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES?
19-34Views:491The equal opportunities approach of the second half of the 20th century emphasizes the social inclusion of disadvantaged groups, including persons with disabilities. Education and employment play a key role in achieving integration. Nevertheless, other fields such as leisure time and sporting activities also contribute positively to the social involvement of persons with disabilities. At present nearly 7,000 persons with disabilities are registered in Hungary who pursue sports competitively, of whom approximately 5,000 persons with intellectual disabilities (Regényi et.al, 2017). The study discloses the partial results of a research aimed at revealing the awareness of the Hungarian population regarding the sport of people with disabilities. As such research has never been carried out in Hungary before, it can fill in a niche. The results of our exploratory research may be the starting point for further investigations. The importance of the topic is given by the fact that thanks to the sport the focus is on the outstanding performance of the social group concerned rather than on their limitations and deficiencies, which therefore reinforces the positive and accepting attitude of citizens. Previous research findings have highlighted that the nature of disability-related knowledge influences the way the members of society think about persons with disabilities, i.e. when it is possible to provide information and gain experience focusing on the existing abilities and strengths of the above -mentioned group, attitudes become more positive as well. The findings of the research reveal that respondents consider it important to pursue sport within an integrated framework, at the same time they feel it is justified to do segregated sports with a view to persons with disabilities. Based on the results we can state that the media coverage of achievements in sports competitions of persons with disabilities is perceived as low level, but apparently it is not considered to be a key area in the lives of persons with disabilities.
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CONFERENCE ABOUT THE LEARNING AND THE SOCIETY
113-118Views:76The Eszterházy Károly Catholic University was the place of the "Learning and Society" Interdisciplinary International Conference on 10-12. November 2022. In this conference, 161 presentations of 331 participants from 12 countries were published their presentations in 16 sections. This event was realized in the frame of Project MEC_SZ_141117 that project has been implemented with the support provided by the Ministry of Innovation and Technology of Hungary from the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund, financed under the MEC_SZ_21 funding scheme. The present study is a short report about this conference.
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INTERPRETATION OF THE MOST IMPORTANT NOTIONS OF SOCIAL INEQUALITIES OVERT IN THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
83-87Views:184Present paper focuses on the social inequalities that are mainly manifested in the educational system. Therefore, I aim at reflecting on the sociological definitions that codify the subject in a theoretical context. The theoretical background of the study comprises the subsequent notions: equality and equity, inclusive society and education, bicultural socialization, and the relation between social mobility and school.
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REGGIO EMILIA APPROACH AND PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION IN DUBAI
81-94Views:141Early childhood education and care have become an important aspect of society and the well-being of people. A proper early childhood education can build a solid foundation for lifelong learning achievement and reduce the cost of lost talent and spending on social, health, and even justice systems. Within early childhood education, the Reggio Emilia approach has gained popularity around the world and a number of countries in the West employ this approach in their early childhood educational system. In the young and prosperous country of the United Arab Emirates with its famous city of Dubai, this child-centered approach is also famous amongst affluent families with young children. This paper looks into early childhood education and the Reggio Emilia approach in the city of Dubai and how this is presented in the educational system of the UAE.
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FACTORS SUPPORTING HIGHER EDUCATION OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES IN THE LIGHT OF A RESEARCH
85-99Views:220Compared to other social groups, persons with disabilities are at higher risk of poverty. One of the reasons for this can be explained by the labour market situation of people with disabilities, as their employment is extremely low, their livelihood is primarily ensured by social benefits. One of the main guarantees of achieving an adequate standard of living is income from work. The higher qualifications the employee has, the higher the chance is to have a job that suits his/her interests and abilities. However, persons with disabilities tend to have lower educational qualifications than members of the majority of society, and their higher education is particularly low. In order to achieve equal opportunities, persons with disabilities may take advantage of allowances and subsidies in the course of their higher education as well as their studies. Using qualitative, semi-structured interviews, the research explores how services promoting equal opportunities at universities facilitate the higher education of students with disabilities, support their job search and their integration into the labour market. The research also comprised the examination of how the family background or previous (primary and secondary school) studies influenced the higher education of the interviewees. Based on the research results, it can be stated that promoting equal opportunities at universities contributes to the successful completion of studies as well as participation in the labour market eventually. The family, the parents, studying in an integrated framework play a crucial role in the decision of a student with disabilities to continue his/her studies at university.
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CULTURAL DIVERSITY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION THE CASE OF REGGIO EMILIA APPROACH IN DUBAI
71-80Views:124Although the term “culture” is a controversial term and there is no unified meaning that is accepted by all, societies deal with culture in every aspect of day-to-day life and interactions. The dilemma of how to introduce or accept a culture or cultural norm in a society, especially a society that is regarded as multicultural, is felt more intensely. Within international schools and specifically, in the multicultural society of countries such as the United Arab Emirates, this cultural diversity is clearly visible. On the other hand, the world-known and famous Reggio Emilia approach which has been successful in numerous Western countries has found its way to pre-primary education in the UAE. This paper will look into the implementation of the Reggio Emilia approach in the culturally diverse society of the UAE compared to Italy and other Western countries. The aim is to see if the important aspects of the Reggio Emilia approach such as teachers as researchers, children as citizens with rights, the role of the environment, curricula as long-term projects, and finally, parents as partners in education enterprise, are indeed implemented in the Reggio Emilia nurseries in the UAE. Or could it be the case that due to the cultural diversity of the UAE this implementation in its full and exact sense is not possible and nurseries in the UAE are only inspired by the approach?
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POSSIBILITIES OF INTEGRATING CAREER ORIENTATION INTO TEACHER TRAINING
135-140Views:175The evolution of the teaching profession is closely related to social expectations and the professional expectations toward career guidance counseling professionals are complex and thorough. It is important to have an interdisciplinary approach and to have the appropriate social competencies! In this study, we strive to present the career orientation that promotes the development of appropriate competencies further teacher training, and career guidance opportunities in basic teacher training. To have an effective school career guidance procedure it's necessary to integrate this activity into the system of the “every day” pedagogical tasks. Therefore, it is important that teachers be aware of the training opportunities where career guidance is prioritized.
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MANAGING BEHAVIORAL DIFFICULTIES OF THE FOLK SCHOOLS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 20TH CENTURY IN HUNGARY
41-54Views:147The end of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century was a period of widening education and eradicating illiteracy in civil nation-states. The compulsory education laws also provided opportunities for the lower social classes to obtain a school qualification that also contributed to improving their social situation. The school as a socialization terrain, in its standards, behavioral and knowledge expectations, served the political and social stability of the current system. Because in many different groups of society they differ in many ways from the expectations of the school, in the behavior of the students, they caused the existence of permanent discipline problems, which were repeatedly dealt with in the pedagogical and psychological press and publications. Discipline generally meant creating an external order, in which the main role was the example of the teacher. During the reward and punishment, the goodwill and justice of the teacher were considered important. The forms of punishment were different at the school level. At elementary school, pupils were first given oral warnings. Then the parents were informed, then the teaching staff and the guardians took action. In secondary schools, punishment ranged from verbal reprimand to exclusion from school. In high schools, physical punishments were forbidden.
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DOCTORS MEETING PATIENTS WITH DISABILITIES
99-111Views:116The paper explores a topic that affects everyday life: the encounter between doctors and patients with disabilities. The aim of the research was to find out how doctors and medical students think about disability, people with disabilities, and their encounters with them, in the course of their work. Despite the fact that age, the number of years spent in practice, and the areas of specialisation of the 10 interviewees present varied pictures they express many similar opinions in their responses. The responses point out that during their university years, they had heard little about the different aspects of disabilities in theoretical classes and during their practice so they really only had everyday knowledge and stereotypes about their disabled patients. The question arises: can doctors with a high social prestige set a positive example to the rest of society when it comes to the treatment of people with disabilities? The question then goes on to raise the need for a wider study, which should include other health professionals.
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WAYS FOR UNDERSTANDING MENTALLY HANDICAPPED ADULTS - VOLUNTARY COFFEE SHOP SERVING AS A POSSIBLE ALTERNATIVE
89-96Views:110This paper focuses on pedagogical attendance especially bringing adults with mental disabilities into action. Based on the method of observation, it presents the mentoring preparation procedure that reveals to the reader what sort of support is needed to make individuals with disabilities capable of doing successful labor activity. The main goal of the program is to introduce individuals with limited abilities to sound members of society through voluntary work and make them accepted. It draws attention not only to the positive increments but also to the very negatives that must be worked at by specialists who have a true calling to the profession of pedagogical attendance.
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„YOU DO IT QUIETLY, YOU HELP AND THAT'S IT.” THE EXPERIENCE OF VOLUNTEERING THROUGH A CASE EXAMPLE
89-106Views:103The largest population movement in the history of Europe since the Second World War has been the migration process of recent years, which also appeared in Hungary in 2015. The significant demographic movement has resulted in important social reactions and has developed different narratives in the civil and also in the power fields. In Hungary, the refugee issue has become a decisive topic of political discourse since 2015, and the party coalition was among the first in Europe to represent the security policy. As a result, the refugees appeared as a source of danger, so the government has rejected them. In spite of this, the grassroots volunteer groups were organized in the civil sphere, who helped the refugee masses passing through Hungary in 2015. This paper analyses a very brief but very intense manifestation of Hungarian civil society involvement as a social response to current conflicts. We will look at how the 2015 migration wave grassroots crisis management took place in Debrecen. This cultural anthropological research is based on online and offline participatory observations and semi-structured interviews and informal conversations with volunteers who helped refugees in Debrecen. This study focuses on the motivations, attitudes, social responsibility of volunteers and their voluntary activity embedded in broader socio-political conditions. The first part of the article shows the formation and operational peculiarities of solidarity philanthropic organization with refugees in Debrecen. Then follows the individual aspects of volunteering. Finally, it will be discussed the socio-political context of the civil voluntary movement, the political interpretations of refugee assistance, and its impact on volunteering. With outlining a segment of the contemporary volunteer phenomenon we can get closer to provide a framework for understanding the possibilities of the recent civil sphere.