Search
Search Results
-
“The earthworm is the best workmate of the farmer”– or beneficial effect of minimal soil disturbance on soil structure
250-258Views:114In recent decades in Germany the soil structure is greatly improved on a substantial part of the rable land. Soil erosion can be observed less commonly. Since the 1970s in Germany the intensity of soil disturbance is significantly reduced. The less disturbed soil has more mechanical load, namely the stability. The perforated structure with stable biopores ensures ecological functions, such as infiltration, aeration, root permeability, fertility. For this reason, soil compaction and soil erosion occur less frequently, they can be detected only in exceptional cases. But in Hungary, the same can not be said therefore it is a desirable objective to explore the cause of differences. Usually the best soil structure can be found on the arable lands without rotation cultivated. In Germany we could study the condition of soils in farms which using no-till system. We have analyzed the effect of soil cultivation methods on the soil structure.
-
Application of bioeffector soil inoculation method development in a pot experinment with tomato
183-189Views:94Fertilizers, pesticides, soil disinfectants and other agrochemicals enormously have increased the agricultural productivity recently. Beside the well-accepted positive yield-effects, however, the structural soil-degradation, acidification, decrease of soil life and soil health is also known. Alternative technologies are urgently needed to develop for the sustainable agri-, horti-, viti- and silvicultural productions. The beneficial microorganisms, used as biofertilizers, biopesticides and/or soil-vitality products can reduce those disorders; therefore their use is increasing simultaneously. Bioeffector (BE) products, containing vital strains of the beneficial microorganisms might improve the qualitative and quantitative properties of the plants. The effects of BE1 - Trichoderma harzianum T-22; BE2 - Pseudomonas sp.; BE3 - Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Rhizovital 42 F1 were tested in large-pot experiment of using tomato (var. Mobil) in 4 replicates. The BE-s were applied according to the instructions of the producers, in 1 step with the sewing. Before the emergence of the tomato seedlings the BE products was enhancing primarily the growth of the weeds, which is known to develop much faster, than the host. Among the tested bioeffectors, the BE 3, known to enhance P-uptake proved to be the most efficient, both as single and as combined inoculums. Result was comparable with the fertilizer (triple-superphosphate) addition. Study has shown, that the application of BE products might be accompanied more seriously with the used agricultural technology and the physiological properties of the living biofertilizer strains. A second inoculation after the seed emergence and/or the plantation could be highly suggested mainly with BE 3, which might mobilize the hardly available phosphorous in the soil.
-
Examination of the heavy metal contant in urban soils in district XI. in Budapest
76-83Views:112The soils contaminant content is influenced mostly in the cities by antrophogenic effects, such as building operations, vehicular traffic, inefficient saverage or drainage problems, when different materials add to the soil. These materials location and movements are changing continuously in soils. The pollution degree depends on the distance from the surface, the composotion of the soil, the effect rate, the thickness of soil, the composition and proportion of soil-forming minerals. In our study the heavy metal contant in urban soils was examined in district XI. in Budapest, based on different chemical and mineralogical properties of soils.
-
The Correlation between Nitrogen and Vitamin C Content of Celery in Sandy Soil
327-331Views:92In our series of experiments celery test plants were used in lysimeter type pots. Plant growth, nutrient content and the relationships of them were observed. This publication shows the effects of different doses of nitrogen fertilizer (absolute control, basic +60/120/180 kg/ha N, and the base + 240 kg / ha N (calculated N from manure). The nitrogen content of the celery increased significantly depending on the N-doses; and a strong positive correlation (r = 0.815, p < 0.025 level) was detected in the tubers between N content and vitamin C. Our results establish that in our experimental setup on sandy soil, organic fertilization - enriching the colloid content and improving soil structure - proved to have the most beneficial effects.
-
Assessment of the New Regional Plan in Mongolia with regards to Rural Development and Urbanization Issues based on Arkhangai and Uvurkhangai Provinces
Views:83This study discusses the relationship between the rural development process in Mongolia regards to its rapid urbanization issues.This paper took Arkhangai and Uvurkhangai, two similar provinces, and compared their rural development from 2013 to 2021 to understand the complex relationship between rural development and urbanization issues. A chain-based method, fixed-based method as well as per capita methods were used to get more accurate results from the comparison. The results confirmed that ongoing rural-to-urban migration due to more access of education, workplace, etc. (due to its more attractive factors) slows down the development of such factors in that rural area, putting the whole process in a cycle. As for the two provinces, the infrastructure, education, health level is all similar, but their potential economic growth is specialized in two different sectors. Arkhangai has more agricultural products due to its land and soil resources and Uvurkhangai has more potential for the tourism sector. It can be concluded that the government’s new plan of dividing the country into six regions with specialized enterprises would be a good idea for future rural development projects (previously there were only four regions existing).
-
The Examination of the Cultivation-Resulted Effects on the Soils of Turkey Oak Forests and Sessile-Oak Forests
241-246Views:67While examining soil patterns from low ridges and shallow furrows of untouched forest areas we discovered some traces of antropogenic effects. We found that samples from the ridges are argillaceous, succinct, highly-bound and significantly eroded Luvisol samples with a thin layer of humus and strong acidity. By contrast, the samples of the furrows have thin layers of mould and weak acidity. HTM (a pebble, which came from other areas) and other artificial products can be found in both geological sections and they refer to the antropogenic effects and the accumulations and eroding processes resulting from ci-devant, 15-20 cm deep ploughing. Our findings give an evident proof of former cultivations and their soil status-changes in the currently forest-covered areas.
-
Strategy of international hotels as the factor of development of tourism in russia.
127-134Views:92The international tourism, globalization and other factors created the soil for emergence of the international hotel chains – the largest players in this market, which strategies we have investigated by means of maps of strategic groups. Certain intermediate conclusions were already drawn, we will highlight once again importance of research of players of such scale – in many aspects they will define development of the market of hotel services in the future.
-
Determination of three small streams’ chemical water quality in Budapest
69-75Views:117The location and development of cities has been influenced basically by various environmental factors. However, the relationship is bilateral, because not only the environment can affect the city, but the city can affect the environment in different ways, depending on recovery. This is especially true in the case of large cities such as Budapest where the different geological, geomorphological, hydrological, soil and bio-geographical conditions can be changed in very small areas, which implies that land use can be also modified as well. The aim of our study was to determine the chemical water quality of three small streams in Budapest which have same water flow and compare the field and the laboratory test results. Between many natural characteristics of these streams similarity is evident, however, several differences were found between the watersheds in terms of human land use. Statistical data analysis was performed as well, which was the aim to explore the relationship between the parameters. Overall, according to our study it can be concluded, the small streams have similar water chemical properties, but some parameters need special attention in the future, because the investigated small streams can be categorized into polluted and sometimes heavily polluted category.
-
Vermicomposting of communal sewage sludge
52-60Views:121The proper management of communal sewage sludge is a priority aim in today’s environmental protection. Among the possible technologies one environmentally sustainable sludge treatment technology can be the vermicomposting of communal sewage sludge. Before the successful operational level vermicomposting is absolutely necessary to investigate the process of vermicomposting in laboratory controlled conditions. In our studies vermicomposting of communal sewage sludge was carried out by comparing two earthworm populations in laboratory. During 6-week experimental period the temperature (with soil thermometer) and the redox potential (with ORP portable device) were measured every other day. The weekly, measured, basis parameters were the compost visual appearance, color and smell, pH (H2O), dry matter content, organic matter content, EC (conductivity), from which the total salt content can be calculated, total nitrogen content, phosphorus content (P2O5), potassium content (K2O), calcium and magnesium content, humus content (H%), determining the humus quality according to Hargitai’s method and dehydrogenase enzyme activity. It can be concluded from the results that the vermicomposting of studied communal sewage sludge has started and keeps going. The basic physical and chemical parameters (e.g. temperature, humus quality and quantity) support the changes. The results of humus quality and quantity which are priority variables of agriculture use show average increasing despite the initial recession. The changes of the important chemical parameters (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) in nutrient management were developed favorably. In our presentation the previous laboratory results are described.
-
The Past, Present and Future Research Results and Opportunities in the Sand Ridge in the Danube-Tisza Interfluve
12-20Views:84In this paper we wish to give some information about the research results and practical experience, the current and future opportunities of the sand rige of the Danube-Tisza Interfluve without aiming at completeness. In our researchgoing on for several decades we have achieved a lot of results and we were the first to write down several of them. In this paper we want to provide a brief overview of the main directions of our research accomplishments and foremost we would like to draw attention on our main study results.
-
The agricultural value of the rest of the biogas fermentation
190-196Views:94Following the international trends great numbers of biogas plants were opened during the last few years in Hungary. However this issue presents a number of new questions, including the subsequent use of anaerobic fermentation residues. This endproduct can be applied as fertilizer. Chemical properties of digestate are correspond to the Hungaroan Regulations. Digestate contains high amount of nitrogen which is present mainly ammonium form and this form can cause root depression and lower germination rates. High ammonium and mineral salt content of digestate increased the water soluble salt content of soil. The added amount of NH4-N transformed to NO3-N while disengage hidrogen ions from the bond. This process caused the decreasing pH. Humus content determination did not show changes. Long term experiments are needed to recognise detail effects.