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Limits of Economic Theories in Border Research
98-116Views:162The paper approaches the possible consequences of further trade liberalization, integration and the disappearance of borders from the perspective of well-known economic theories. After putting forward the questions and hypotheses, the author shows the different conclusions of economic approaches in the case of further integration and disappearing borders in borderlands. Using the results of economic theories the paper outlines the development path of those spatial units where state borders still play an important role in forming economic interactions. It comes to the conclusion that only regional reshuffling
can be mentioned in relation to further integration. The paper also draws attention to the fact that economic theories do not give clear-cut and comprehensive answers for development, so the economic approach could be too simplistic. Consequently, a wellelaborated empirical research programme could provide a genuinely nuanced picture of the development path of borderlands.Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) classifications: F15, O18, R12
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The shadow price of childbearing and the total fertility rate in Hungary
31-61Views:235The total fertility rate has been declining sharply in Hungary since the democratic transition. Moreover, the rate has been well below the replacement level since the second half of the 1980’s. It is therefore relevant to investigate the underlying factors behind the permanently low level and continuously declining trend in the rate. In this article, based on Walker (1995), I present the time series of the shadow price of childbearing in Hungary, with which I estimate the total cost incurred by the first-born child, using empirical data. I introduce the connection between the total fertility rate and the increasing mean age at birth. Subsequently, I first compare the tempo and parity-adjusted total fertility rate to the shadow price of childbearing, and then conduct a partial analysis. Based on the results, I recommend measures for public decision-makers that could positively incentivize childbearing
Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) kódok: J11, J13