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  • Green Sports Products – Environmentally Friendly Efforts of some Sports Equipment and Sportswear Manufacturers.
    45-61
    Views:
    156

     In today's world, the issue of sustainability has become a cardinal problem on a global scale. The question of sustainability affects society, health, the economy, and the environment to a large extent. The examination of the environmental aspects of sustainability at the points where the sports sector interacts with the environment is considered a basis for research, and an increasing number of international studies and literature deal with this topic. Sports equipment and sportswear manufacturers operate through high numbers of multi-level global supply chains. They constantly strive to meet sudden changes in consumer demand, which results in high demand for raw materials and resources, waste and greenhouse gas emissions, and water consumption, all of which contribute to the most harmful environmental effects.

    The aim of this study is to present the environmental protection measures of Nike, Adidas, and Under Armour, multinational manufacturers of sports equipment and sportswear, aimed at raw material usage, waste management, minimizing water consumption, and reducing their carbon footprint, which they are increasingly applying as part of their business strategy.

  • Theoretical Overview of Discrete Choice Experiment
    62-73
    Views:
    234

    The purpose of this study is to present a preference evaluation method, the discrete choice experiment. The reader can gain information on the background, application areas (with particular emphasis on health economics), the process and about three models (multinomial logit, random parameter logit, nested logit). Based on the results of literature analysis it can be said that the method is very promising, but in many areas it still needs improvement.

  • Examination of the Physical Activity of Amateur and Hobby E-sport Players
    Views:
    415

    With the spread of computers and the Internet, e-sports became a fast and dynamic growing sector with a significant market and economic potential. Its importance is demonstrated by the fact that its growth is now outstripping some traditional sports or other industries. E-sports users are sedentary in front of a computer during both competition and training, so their health is determined by the amount of physical activity they do when they are not in front of a computer. The primary aim of this research is to investigate the physical activity of e-sports users at different levels. In addition to this, I considered it important to investigate what games the players I interviewed compete in, how much time they spend playing and how they improve their skills. I conducted an online questionnaire survey in the University Electronic Games (UEG) online tournaments organised by the University of Debrecen. The participants in the survey fully met my criteria, as most of them were amateur or hobby e-sports players, so I obtained relevant data from their answers. Based on the participants' responses, it can generally be said that they engage in health-enhancing physical activity. However, it should be remembered that not only the rise in popularity of e-sports, but also the increasing digitalisation of society is contributing to the rise in sedentary lifestyles. In the future, it would be important to change the way gamers exercise, which until now has been predominantly to develop their digital video game skills. Physical activity and other health-related behaviours need to be integrated into the training routines of gamers - e-sports players, so that playing sports could become a natural pastime alongside e-sports.

  • Combustors with Low Emission Levels for Aero Gas Turbine Engines
    503-514
    Views:
    411

    The aircrafts are responsible for emitting several types of pollutants, especially the pollutants in the form of NOX, CO2, CO, UHC, SOX and Particulate Matter PM (smoke/soot). The impact of aviation emissions on the global is well known, where these emissions modify the chemical and microphysical properties of the atmosphere resulting in changes of earth’s climate system, which can ultimate in critical changes in our planet fragile ecosystem, also the pollutants produced by aircraft engines cause many health problems. This is why the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) is seriously seeking to control the emission levels by issuing new standards during the successive meetings of the Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection CAEP (CAEP/01 in 1986, CAEP/2, CAEP/4, CAEP/6, CAEP/8, etc). The new regulations include more stringent standards aimed to reduce emission levels, this led to increased interest in low emission technologies. In this paper, a comprehensive review of low emissions combustion technologies for modern aero gas turbines is represented. The current low emission technologies include the high Technologies Readiness Level (TRL) including RQL, TAPS, DAC and LDI. Also, there are advanced technologies at lower TRL including LPP, ASC and VGC.

  • Possibilities of the Reclamation of Wastewater in Small Abattoirs Combined with Rainwater Harvesting
    115-125
    Views:
    70

    The purpose of the study is to review the extent to which waste water from small mobile slaughterhouses can be reclaimed along with the basic cases and the purpose for which this can be realized. Keeping the criteria of sustainability in mind, I identify the possible and at the same time reasonable combinations of technology, highlighting and presenting in more detail those that include the utilization of waste water and the utilization of rainwater. I will describe the limiting factors - site features, environmental protection and health regulations - which are decisive in which alternative can be chosen during a specific installation.

  • The Role Of Leader In Work Addiction
    1-13.
    Views:
    0

    Over-attachment to work is an increasingly common phenomenon in the lives of people in organisations, and can also be a condition of work addiction. Whoever becomes involved in an organisation, be it a subordinate or even a manager, work addiction has a number of negative consequences at both individual and organisational level. Without being exhaustive, work addiction can have an impact on organisational performance, organisational effectiveness, workplace conflict, career prospects, health maintenance. In this paper, we aim to highlight the most relevant publications from the last five years to report on the impact in an organisation when work addiction arises among subordinates or managers, and how different leadership styles are associated with work addiction among organisational members. The publications were retrieved from Google Scholar and Scopus, and the results of 19 articles are presented in this paper after a review of 263 papers retrieved. The results show that transformational, servant and ethical leadership styles have ambiguous effects on work addiction, unlike laissez-faire or abusive leadership styles, the former enhancing and the latter reducing the incidence of work addiction in an organisation. Work addiction of managers also has a dual effect: on the one hand, it can enhance creativity, but it can also increase turnover among subordinates. Social support from the manager can be an antidote to subordinates' work addiction, but this effect may be modified by the quantity and quality of interaction between manager and subordinate, the sense of meaningfulness of the work, or even the organisational culture. Overall, the manager, as a key actor, can have an impact on work addiction in the organisation, but there is not always a consistent position in the research on the cases and the way in which this is done, which calls for further research in the future.

  • Research of Healthy Behavior at Faculty of Economic Sciences' sport sciences' students at the University of Debrecen
    165-180
    Views:
    486

    Nowadays the healthy lifestyle is getting more and more attention, thanks to emerging health trends. The review of the literature summarizes the latest results of research on two aspects of healthy behavior. In our primary research, we measured the sporting and dietry habits of sport sciences’ students at University of Debrecen. In the case of sporting habits, we asked the students about the frequency and motivation of sports. In the other hand we asked them about their dietary habits about the frequency and amount of vegetable, fruit and fluid consumption. After the evaluation of survey we can say that the 70% of respondents are satisfied with their physical condition. We can tell about the frequency of vegetable and fruit consumption is that the 15-20% of students eat vegetables and / or fruits daily. However, it can be said about the fluid intake of students that seventysix percent of them are consuming fluid daily.

  • Topology Optimization of Acetabular Cup by Finite Element Simulation
    22-34
    Views:
    438

    Hip replacements typically consist of a four-part piece. Our research will focus primarily on the acetabular component. Several different types of materials can be used when creating a hip replacement implant ranging from plastic to titanium. Different materials are used to accommodate for allergic reactions or circumventing potential health risks. Aside from the material, the size of the components plays a factor in terms of durability; a larger diameter head might avoid dislodgement though it could increase wear and tear on the stems through constant friction. A patient’s force applied to the hip replacement is usually measured through a number of physical assessments. Finite element analysis (FEA), a computer-based method of data observation, allows for us to accurately simulate hip forces and their impact on the hip replacements. Through this, it becomes easier to predict and calculate the performance of specific designs. Generative systems can also be used to support performance analysis and optimization through assessing a multitude of cases, many of which apply in real-world scenarios. By applying both systems, we designed and modeled an acetabular cup that when measured decreased the mass from 129 grams initially down to 52 grams, a 60% decrease in total mass. Furthermore, the design we created lessened the trauma on the piece through distributing force across the entirety of the piece rather than specific segments only. This shows an increased durability and life expectancy when compared to usual acetabular cups.

  • COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Employees’ Physical Activity
    72-84
    Views:
    786

    Globalization and the recent explosive development of technology have significantly changed people’s lifestyles resulting in an increase in the number of people living a sedentary lifestyle. COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the situation and created an unprecedented situation in the world. In the present study, we investigate changes in the physical activity and sedentary behavior of adult workers caused by the coronavirus epidemic. In our online cross-sectional research, we used snowball methodology. The target group of the survey was adult workers. 108 people filled in the questionnaire, the majority (73.1%) are women, the average age is 37.18 years and most of them have higher degrees (Diploma: 74%, PhD: 14%). The present study revealed a decrease in physical activity and an increase in sedentary time for the employees in our study. Despite respondents detected a decrease in their physical activity, an increase was reported in the proportion of online training participants. The majority of respondents partially, or totally switched to work from home during the pandemic, which may further increase their sedentary lifestyle. We did not find significant differences among the domain of work and leisure time or occupational physical activity patterns. The workplace is a great opportunity for promoting physical activity and reducing sedentary time in the adult working population, therefore it would be important for organizations, decision-makers and health professionals to work on the design of strategies to these goals.

  • The Influence of Employment Stress On the Academic Performance of Working Students: Perspectives from Pakistan
    1-25
    Views:
    72

    One must grasp stress's intricacy to develop and implement stress-reduction strategies. Employment-related stress on academic performance is becoming an acute concern for psychological and mental health in Pakistan. The current research focuses on how employment-related stress interferes with graduate students' academic performance in Parachinar, District Kurram Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. This investigation applies quantitative methods—the Govt. Postgraduate College Parachinar, District Kurram, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan, completed a standardized questionnaire to 180 students from various academic disciplines.

    The findings illuminate stress's intricacy. It may be utilized to establish and encourage more efficient and achievable strategies or techniques that improve academics and job satisfaction, inspiration, and effectiveness at the individual and organizational levels.

    The research study concluded that 81.67% of male students suffered from employment stress. Student stressors include workload (31.67%), lack of time management (9.44%), interpersonal conflicts (20.00%), high study load (21.11%), and financial problems (17.78%), and the coping strategies being adopted by these students; Moral support (13.89%), Social support (30.00%), Financial support (45.00%), and Job enrichment (11.11%). The research concludes that addressing the highlighted concerns, counselling, and other successful coping strategies may alleviate academic and employment stress.

  • Optimizing the combustion processes of a small scale solid fuel-fired boiler
    358-369
    Views:
    144

    Over the last decade, the public has been paying increasing attention to reducing greenhouse gas and acid rain emissions and reducing particulate matter, which is extremely harmful to health and the environment. To improve air quality, the European Commission has achieved a range of measures to reduce air pollutant emissions in the transport, heat and electricity, industrial and agricultural sectors. In Hungary, the amount of gas and solid air pollutants from solid fuel combustion used by the public during the heating season represents a significant percentage of the total amount present in the atmosphere. In 2016, taking into the total emission, the 29% of CO2 emissions; 85% of CO emissions; 75% of the particulate matter emissions and 21% of the NOx emissions were derived from households. It follows that the improvement of air quality can also be achieved by controlling the emissions of solid fuel combustion plants. During our research we aimed to optimize the operation of a newly purchased TOTYA S18 boiler and a pilot pellet boiler. Operating the boilers in the correct mode minimizes air pollutant emissions, and the greater part of the heat generated is actually turns to heating the home, as with poor settings, a lot of heat leaves through the chimney. The data obtained during the tests can also be used to determine whether the boilers comply with the emission values set out in Commission Regulation (EU) 2015/1185.

  • The Potential of Online Workouts for Fitness Trainers
    49-60
    Views:
    385

    The importance of physical activity for both physical and mental health is unquestionable. For leisure athletes, fitness clubs can be considered as  popular facilities for everyday workouts. Classes run by qualified trainers, whether individual or group workouts, are very popular. In line with the worldwide trend, there is a growing expectation for fitness workouts to be reachable as simple as possible, in as many forms as possible, regardless of the location. The aim of our study is therefore to map the prevalence of online training among trainers working in the fitness sector. There is a significant demand for such workouts, even if it cannot completely replace hours of personal presence. In addition, as well as for target groups who want to find a form of exercise that can be performed anywhere, anytime, the online space provides an ideal opportunity to practice regular physical activity, as well as a good opportunity for coaches to expand their clientele and services.

  • Survey of population knowledge on the technical characteristics and physiological effects of light pollution in two settlements
    155-161
    Views:
    180

    One of the newest environmental challenges in our industrialized world is light pollution. It means that we emit more light than necessary, and this is often done at wavelengths that are both disturbing and even harmful to human health. The Dark Sky Parks, where over a large area there are no artificial light sources that burden the environment. One of these parks is located in BAZ County, near Répáshuta, and is under continuous development. Our study reports on a questionnaire survey conducted in Répáshuta, which is informed about light pollution, and in Cserépváralja settlements close to it, but without direct knowledge of the problem. The population of both villages is around 400. With a direct on-site survey, we asked 21-21 questions to 30-30 person and received answers in all cases, of course, taking full account of the anonymity of the respondents. Recruitment took place in March and April 2019.

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