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Questionnaire analysis of the situation of the artisans of the Debrecen Folk Crafts Festival in 2021
67-78Views:43Debrecen Folk Craft Festival faithfully preserves the cultural, social and economic traditions of Debrecen. As a tourist event, the festival provides an opportunity to learn about the centuries-old folk crafts, the artisans, their tools and their products. The traditional fair character of the event is given by the street stalls and the possibility to buy the products. The fair is part of Debrecen's history (it has had the right to hold fairs since the early 1400s), which has given a strong impetus to its economic development. The town's geographical and social characteristics made it a market centre. On the one hand, it was built at the junction of land routes and, on the other, it was owned by lords of national rank who helped to create a farming town and a local society of artisan-traders. In Debrecen, handicraft and trade fair past is still preserved in street names such as Külsővásártér, Mester street, Faraktár street, Csapó street, which is also the venue of the 11th Folk Craft Festival. The aim of the research is to investigate the extent to which Debrecen Folk Craft Festival is a Debrecen event, as well as the composition of the local artisans still operating (craft, age, gender, experience), their business strengths and weaknesses, and their presence on the internet. This representative quantitative survey was carried out with 23 representatives of 15 crafts (leatherworkers, potters, beadworkers, embroiderers, straw weavers, enamelers, furniture makers, woodcarvers, textile toy makers, honeycake makers, etc.) using a self-completion questionnaire. The survey is representative as all participants completed the questionnaire. Since folk crafts are part of the Debrecen identity, and the local culture, their survival is in the interest of the city. The survey covered the forms of their businesses, their sales opportunities, their financial background, etc. The structure of the paper: Introduction presents the festival itself, Material and Methodology, Results and Conclusions chapters describe the questionnaire survey’s results. Conclusions of the research: the cultural and social impact of the Folk Craft Festival is significant, especially through the promotion of folk art heritage, community organisation and its impact on consumer habits. There is still a wide variety of folk crafts in Debrecen, but the masters of some folk crafts are ageing. Traditionally, these one-man businesses still prefer to sell at fairs, because they are weak in marketing and advertising, and nearly a third of them have online presence on the association's website only. Their strength is their expertise, with 40, 50 or even 60 years of experience. The majority of products are qualified by the Hungarian Heritage House, which protects the masters from having their products copied and mass-produced by others.
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Examination of entrepreneurial willingness among the master students of the Faculty of Economics at the University of Debrecen
31-40Views:65There is a lot of interest in entrepreneurship today, and there are also many initiatives to introduce young people to the mysteries of entrepreneurship. Starting and running a business requires different competences and a lot of courage. There are many barriers to start-ups, which in many cases discourage people from even starting up. In the present research, I set out to assess the entrepreneurial propensity and competences of Master's students of the Faculty of Economics at the University of Debrecen. My research question was focused on what future plans the students have, whether they would like to start a business, what barriers they think are related to entrepreneurship, and how they evaluate themselves in terms of their existing competences in starting and managing a business. To investigate my research questions, I created a questionnaire that, in addition to demographic questions, explores existing entrepreneurial experiences, plans, barriers, and core competencies. The questionnaire was administered in March 2022 through a face-to-face survey. 84 Master's students completed the questionnaire. The conclusions of the survey show that the sample is divided in terms of whether young people would like to be entrepreneurs and that a range of barriers are present in young people's lives, but that they rate highly the listed competences for entrepreneurship as self-reported.
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Honey consumption and purchasing habits in Hajdú-Bihar county
88-101Views:146The main objective of our research is to present the market situation and conditions of the Hungarian beekeeping sector from the perspective of consumers. We considered it appropriate to present the beekeeping market because the European Union is the second largest producer of honey in the world, and Hungary ranks third in the EU in terms of the honey production volume. The changes in global and EU trade, market trends and changes in consumer habits are significant influencing factors in terms of domestic conditions. The market situation is presented through a review of the relevant domestic and foreign literature, and we analysed statistical databases to examine the topic (data provision of beekeeping programs of the European Union member states, CSO, OMME, Statista database and reports). The consumption of honey by the Hungarian population has been slowly increasing year by year, but we are still below the European Union average. Honey is our basic food of animal origin; it has many beneficial properties, so the study of consumption and purchasing habits is an important issue. To analyse the consumer and purchasing habits, we chose the questionnaire survey method. In our research, we sought the answer to how and in which direction honey consumption and purchasing habits have changed in Hungary today, and whether there are any regional difference based on the answers of the respondents. The online questionnaire was structured according to the 4Ps of the marketing mix; accordingly, we had questions about the product itself (honey), its price, place of purchase, promotion opportunities and the way and frequency of honey consumption. The results obtained from the survey were evaluated, subjected to descriptive statistical analysis, and then analysed for correlations based on background variables including gender, age, education, type of settlement, and county. Responses were evaluated using the SPSS 22.0 data analysis and statistics program. The results of the sample are not representative, but they well represent and summarize the situation.
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Wellbeing at workplace – health promotion and types of stress in Southern Transdanubia
58-66Views:317The effectiveness of organizations is decisively influenced by the satisfaction and wellbeing of employees. We examined in this study how workplace motivational tools affect the wellbeing and effectiveness of employees, what causes stress and what kind of solutions can be used to improve the atmosphere at workplace, and which type of elements are presented in workplace health promotion. 157 evaluable responses were received using the online questionnaire. The questions related to the survey were published online, using the Google Forms system. Based on the replies of the questionnaire it can be stated that the majority of the respondents are not familiar with the concept of health promotion. A sense of wellbeing is enhanced by increased wages, esteem and extra cash rewards. If the atmosphere at workplace is more pleasant, calmer, more balanced, it will clearly lead to better satisfaction, they said. Most ofstress is caused by the high workload, ensuring customer satisfaction, and the wrong relationship with the managers. 55% of respondents said they do not like working in their current workplace. Keywords: wellbeing, stress, human resource management.
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Unfair banking practices, or the theoretical and practical importance of operational risk management nowadays.
1-14Views:32Nowadays, the management of operational risks in banking ̶ in particular conduct risks ̶ is becoming an increasingly important part of risk management. The financial crisis of 2008 and partly related to it, the Hungarian foreign currency loan crisis, have highlighted on the importance of this. Both crises were triggered, besides other reasons, by unfair banking practices and by the failure to respect the principle of fair banking. In my research I am looking for answers to the question to what extent can be considered unfair banking practices if banks impose several financial products on their customers, such as insurance and overdraft facilities, which they do not need. I will also examine to what extent the customers are aware of the fact, that they get a linked product and what it means for them in terms of risk-taking. My research consists of several parts. Firstly, I define operational and conduct risks. After that focusing on Hungary, I will examine the sales and commercial banking practices that played a role in the development of the foreign currency loan crisis, with a particular focus on the conduct risks. I will define what can be considered unfair banking practices. At the end of my theoretical overview I take into consideration why the linked products sold by today's Hungarian financial institutions are problematic and how information asymmetry drives a wedge between the bank and the customer. I also conduct primary research in the course of my research. Using an online questionnaire, I investigate the choice between current account structures of the Hungarian adult population. The results are analysed by using statistical methods.
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The pressure of generational change on the successors in the family farms in Karcag
69-81Views:108Family farms have an important role in agriculture. It is a form of farming where the family can keep the acquired competence and wealth of the farm for several generations.Therefore the issue of generational change is becoming more and more important nowadays. However, generational changing can face a number of obstacles. One of the major obstacles to farm transfer can be if the family farm does not have a successor, who could carry on the family traditions. In practice, the State and the European Union too try to encourage young farmers to continue agricultural activity, but this is not too popular. In our survey, we were looking for the answer to how much psychological pressure there is on successors to take over their family farm, and how much this pressure depends on the size of the farm and the generation of successors. We conducted the questionnaire survey with family farms in Karcag where the issue of succession is actual. The results of the study based on the responses of the farmers surveyed, show that the successors do not feel the pressure of taking over the farm, but are rather proud to be able to continue on their family traditions.
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The role and opportunities of short supply chains - with a focus on the organizations of Hajdú-Bihar county
45-58Views:133An important basis for the development of new rural development practices is the re-creation of supply chains. SFSCs (Short Food Supply Chain) are also capable of breaking the system of long, complex industrial chains. In the case of SFSCs, producer-consumer relations are “shortened” and redefined. After exploring the literature, I came to the conclusion that short supply chains are receiving more and more attention nowadays, and more and more forms of operation are appearing in Hungary as well. The promotion of local products has been helped by a number of programs in recent years. I have found that the international literature presents the operation of RELs in the form of a case study. The primary aim of the study was to search for international examples that can form a basis of comparison for the organizations operating in Hungary, especially in Hajdú-Bihar County. After that, I presented specific networks operating in Hajdú-Bihar county, four networks were identified. Finally, I discussed the results of a questionnaire survey between REL members. In summary, 80% of the respondents believe in the viability and economical operation of RELs. Most identified the development of information technology as an area of operation to be developed. Farmers would be willing to strengthen direct sales in order to make product production economical. 88% of producers sell in local, producer markets. They are basically satisfied with the functioning of the producer market and also consider it economically satisfactory to sell on the producer market.
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Analysis of the adequate fluid intake amongst the 3-14 year olds
100-108Views:56Adequate nutrient and fluid intake is the most important thing for the developing body, and for most young people and children, the time spent in kindergarten or school plays a decisive role, as they need to inject adequate amounts of fluid into their body during their daily lives. In our research we examined the age group of 3-14 years in the institutions of kindergartens and primary schools of Debrecen. The survey was conducted in the form of an online questionnaire, the results were evaluated with the help of the SPSS statistical program and MS Office Excel. According to our results, 69.7% of children do not consume the appropriate amount of fluid in their daily lives, which is essential for their development and attention. In the case of schoolchildren, inadequate fluid intake is common, and in order to remedy this, it would be advisable to allow institutions to consume fluid during school hours, or to encourage them by placing water machines. Based on the results, we made further recommendations.
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Investigation of factors affecting students 'sports habits
23-35Views:101Nowadays, a health-conscious lifestyle has come to the fore, with one of their important components being leisure sports. In our research, we examined the sporting habits of Debrecen university students (n=178) and factors that may influence these habits, with an online questionnaire. We found out that 61% of respondents exercise regularly in their spare time. With the help of a fourpoint Likert scale, we examined how much influence the availability and quality of various sports services have on the students. The highest rating was given to having a friendly atmosphere (3.5), which is followed by good equipment and facilities (3.45). We analyzed how much they spend on their health and how willing they are to spend more on their health if they had more money. For nonsporting students, they more likely to be unsatisfied with their physical condition all the while they spend less on their health. Non-sporting students cited lack of time (3.49) as the greatest turn-off when questioned. A significant percentage of both groups (78.18% of sporting, 86.76% of non-sporting) would be willing to spend more on their health if they earned additional cash.
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Issues of self-management and improving organizational effectiveness among managers
78-89Views:66It is very difficult to measure the leadership excellence. Partly because the indicators of the organizational excellence are measuring mainly the effectiveness and there are not focusing on the “managerial value”. Scientist made a lot of effort in the last decades to measure the “managerial value”, trying to approach from many sides the managerial success. In our research we wanted to review the international practice, and, in the other hand we tried to conduct a situation survey among Hungarian leaders with the aim of exploring the value-creation processes and the managerial thinking and practice which are behind them. This article focuses on self-management solutions and operational management processes to improve the effectiveness of organizational processes. One of the goals of the survey was to discover and present the Hungarian management mindset, the self-management working methods and time-management behavior in the SME sector, all in the context of effectiveness and to enrich with this new information the scientific and market knowledge in the field. 148 managers were included in the study, partly due to the difficult availability, the low willingness to answer, and partly due to the confidential nature of the questions and the large size of the questionnaire. According to the answers we can see, that among the interviewed leaders are common the use of timemanagement applications, task-lists (with task prioritization) and accordingly, the next day’s activities are planned in the evenings. Correlated with the supervision of corporate processes, quality management systems, decision making systems and connection with employees (eg: site visits and daily meetings) receive a special attention. In the basic research we developed 3 clusters: “uncertain empathic”, “experienced strategist” and “ambitious purposeful”. Among them the members of the last cluster performed excellently based on their daily work practices and daily leadership habits. 86.36% of the organizations they lead are profitable and growing at a balanced rate (5% growth rate per year). If we look for the human factors behind the outstanding organizational effectiveness, the components of excellence, presumably this cluster offers solutions.
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Labor retention in the domestic SME sector in Somogy county
66-77Views:153Companies face many new challenges as a result of ever-changing HR trends. One of the most significant problems in recent years has been the ever-changing workforce. Employee loyalty is no longer a matter of course, it must be actively pursued. The root of the problems often goes back to recruitment, as many employers try to attract the workforce by “beautifying” the job advertisement, focus on creating a better image of the organization. Many times we encounter that recruitment was not adequately prepared, not enough attention was paid to select the right workforce. However, it is also important to emphasize that it is not enough to get the workforce, you need to be able to keep it as well. In our questionnaire research, we have examined how the recruitment process takes place, what steps have been taken to ensure employees to remain being committed and to stay loyal to their employer. Based on the results, we can conclude that employers know and apply labor retention methods. The most commonly used procedures were longer learning times, involvement in decisions, organization of trainings, or just job rotation.
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Online shopping behaviour in the Northern and Southern Great Plain Regions
13-24Views:132The aim of our study is to reveal the attitude of consumers related to online shopping, the advantages and disadvantages of online purchasing, the regional characteristics of purchasing food online. The literature review was carried out by a comparative analysis of the publications of the factors influencing the purchase decision, the advantages and disadvantages of using online channels as a priority. The secondary research, in addition to the changes in global and then Hungarian online retail, the FMCG sector and customer behavior. Primary research the survey was conducted using a standardized, structured, online questionnaire with the participation of students from the University of Debrecen and the Sándor Wekerle College of Business. The socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents (623) were measured according to the defining characteristics of online shopping. The rate of online shopping by residents living in the Great Plains region is 6 percentage points lower than the national average, poor result in the online purchase of food. The advantages of online shopping, the importance of convenience and saving time is rated equally, while other factors, e.g. the assessment of home delivery was different. Diadvantages are the terms of payment and data security. The future intention to buy online is uncertain and they imagine it within limits, and the potential purchase can only be linked to durable foods. Region-specific and product-specific (food) analysis of online shopping. Attitudes towards online shopping, based on regional characteristics, justify the fact that it would be more appropriate for store chains to use a differentiated marketing strategy, which may primarily affect marketing communication and sales organization.
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Development characteristics of small villages in Hungary after the turn of the millennium
48-57Views:64The aim of the study is to describe some characteristic features of Hungarian small villages. Based on a literature review, the topic of a comparative analysis of settlements with different populations has been the subject of research in Hungary for about half a century. Laws had been enacted since the 1970s to reduce the spatial differences. However, despite the national's intention, the differences between the individual regions and settlement groups continued to increase. This is also reflected in the fact that under the current development policy legislation – Government Decree 290/2014. (XI. 26.) – small villages have a higher than average chance of being included in disadvantaged districts. The aim of my study is to outline the situation of municipalities with a population of less than half a thousand people by analyzing statistical data and presenting the results of my own questionnaire survey. These municipalities make up more than a third of the Hungarian settlements population, while their population just only 2.2% of the national population. In the course of the analysis, I focus primarily on demographic processes and the development of communal infrastructure. These developments (sewage network, pipeline gas supply) could highly improve the quality of life of the inhabitants of small settlements. Despite all these investments, emigration is significant due to the lack of jobs, as a result of which the aging of local society continues. The importance of the regional embeddedness of the settlements is shown by the fact that while the situation of the small settlements of Veszprém, Vas and Zala county can be said to be relatively favorable, the small villages of Baranya, Somogy and Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén can be considered disadvantaged in almost all indicators.
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The social media’s influence on hungarian women’s health-consciousness
1-12Views:210Online media marketing is getting greater influence on the daily life, on the consumer and purchasing habits and on our health consciousness. The main goal of the research is to explore what the Hungarian women associate with health-consciousness on different social platforms, how their consumer activity look like and what kind of special groups can be formed. First of all, the posts appearing on the topic of health-consciousness on different platforms were analysed through a netnographic research. Then, with the involvement of 409 women, the influencing factors were measured to the participants on these pages in terms of health consciousness via questionnaire survey. As a result, special consumer groups appearing in the social platform were quantified and recommendations were formulated for companies who base their marketing strategy on online arenas.
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The impact of events in and around Kisvárda on tourism in the region
34-47Views:77The main goal of our research is to present the impact of the festivals organized in and around the city of Kisvárda on tourism. The main direction was given by the Kisvárda Festival of Theaters, which has been organized for more than 30 years, as it has greatly contributed to the development of tourism in Kisvárda in recent years. In our research material, we briefly present the festival tourism in Hungary, and we also review the relationship between tourism and the festival, taking into account the COVID-19 pandemic that has been present for the past few years.
We also consider the presentation of the research topic important because the tourist offer of the city of Kisvárda and its region is growing, there are many tourist attractions in Kisvárda that make it worth visiting the city and its surroundings. In addition to examining the impact of the Kisvárda Festival of Hungarian Theaters on tourism, we also conducted a questionnaire survey in order to find out the opinions of visitors to events in Kisvárda. In our opinion, festivals can have a significant positive impact on the economy, society and cultural life.
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Is the glass ceiling a self-fulfilling prophecy?! – Research of career opportunities among female workers
98-109Views:124„Is the glass ceiling a self-fulfilling prophecy?! – Connection between career opportunities and competencies among female workers” research has focused on the presence of women in the labor market. The objective of the questionnaire research is to assess whether women are stuck at certain career levels due to the lack of competence and motivation. During the research, I was able to gain insight into women’s attitudes towards careers, which showed a positive picture. I assessed that they were motivated, and I also got answer to the main question, that significant percentage of the 161- person sample would like to work as a leader, and they would have the appropriate skills. However, I was also told that they are building their own barriers to the workplace, many of them are happy with their current job, but not wanting more. The presence of a glass ceiling in the workplace is important to get proper attention as women make up a significant part of the labor market.
