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REGGIO EMILIA APPROACH AND PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION IN DUBAI
81-94Views:246Early childhood education and care have become an important aspect of society and the well-being of people. A proper early childhood education can build a solid foundation for lifelong learning achievement and reduce the cost of lost talent and spending on social, health, and even justice systems. Within early childhood education, the Reggio Emilia approach has gained popularity around the world and a number of countries in the West employ this approach in their early childhood educational system. In the young and prosperous country of the United Arab Emirates with its famous city of Dubai, this child-centered approach is also famous amongst affluent families with young children. This paper looks into early childhood education and the Reggio Emilia approach in the city of Dubai and how this is presented in the educational system of the UAE.
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IMPORTANCE AND IMPACT OF THE PREVENTION AND EARLY CHILDHOOD INTERVENTION IN LATER YEARS
53-65Views:661The term early childhood intervention (and prevention and development) refers to the specificities of child development and the professional environmental responses to them in the early years of life, which involve many sectors (public education, social, health, etc.) and many professional groups. The understanding of 'early childhood' itself has changed rapidly and now extends from the prenatal period, including the family planning/expansion period, to the child's entry into school. A new element in the system of care and support, in the policy strategies, is the prenatal period, the focus on the family, and the fact that support does not end when children start school. There is a need to design programs with a long-term impact in mind, to 'prepare' for events in later years and stages of life, and to assess the impact of the programs that are in place. The paper summarises some of the basic ideas of early childhood intervention and prevention in a way that takes them forward in time and points to their social impact.
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THE USE OF ENGLISH MEDIA IN EARLY CHILDHOOD
49-57Views:190The flow of information in the digital age is facilitated not only by traditional media such as television, radio, and print but also by new media such as the internet, desktops, and integrated computers, tablets, and smartphones, etc. The presence of IT tools is quite common these days among kindergarten-aged children (3-6/7), and even toddlers can use them on a daily basis. Moreover, modern pedagogy is unthinkable without digital devices that have become integral parts of innovations such as game-based learning, media-based learning, and edutainment. There are several language schools and bilingual creches where they accept very young children and babies. It is said that parents know their child best and children spend a lot of time with their parents. In consequence, this provides an excellent opportunity for parents to raise a bilingual child even if it is not his/her first language. In our paper we are combining these two, currently, central issues: the use of English-language media and early childhood language-learning, as only limited research is available about it. We are going to present the results of empirical research carried out mainly in kindergartens in Debrecen, which focused on early second language learning and the children’s use of media. Our research has two goals, so the questionnaires asked parents about the use of foreign-language media, its content and the time children spend consuming English content. In addition, we were interested in the parents’ attitude to their children’s English-language media use. We analyzed our data in the framework of early second language learning. Our research was carried out within the Early Childhood Research Group run by the Faculty of Education for Children and Special Educational Needs of the University of Debrecen. The research was carried out between October 2016 and January 2017.
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HISTORY OF LANGUAGE LEARNING AT AN EARLY AGE ON NYÍREGYHÁZA
7-18Views:169In our paper, we deal with the significance of learning languages at an early age. While going through the literature of the topic, we draw attention to the importance of age in learning a language, as well as the basic differences between language learning and language acquisition. In the following, we present the options outside the family (such as language schools and family creche 'családi bölcsőde') for learning a language at an early age in Nyíregyháza in 2017. In our research, we also wanted to find out what differences can be seen in terms of the methodology of early foreign language activities in kindergartens/preschools between the activities held during the change of the political regime in Hungary (1989/1990) and today. We chose the interview as a research method because in this way we can get a picture of the foreign language activities in kindergartens/preschools and their first steps in the 1990s when they were first available to children. We made eight interviews in spring 2017, asking kindergarten pedagogues/early childhood educators and language teachers as well as who had held English activities in kindergartens/preschools. Based on the information we received from the informants, we can say that early English activities were available in 23 kindergartens/preschools out of the 34 kindergartens/preschools (68%) operating in Nyíregyháza, Hungary in 2017. In some kindergartens/preschools children can also take part in early French and German activities. We have also realized that the number of those kindergartens/preschools which organize playful foreign language activities on a weekly basis has been increasing since the 1990s. From the recollections of the informants, it has also been revealed to us that during the change of the political system providing personal criteria (that is finding qualified teachers) was the most difficult task. Nowadays, several kindergartens/preschools employ kindergarten pedagogues who are able to take part in the language development of children in a foreign language as they are competent users of it. Playfulness, using audiovisual devices, and a lot of props have been highly important since the very beginning in the kindergartens, and pedagogues have also been doing their best to use and try different methods in order to develop the foreign language competence of children aged 4-7.
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THE EFFECT OF SARS-COVID-19 VIRUS IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION IN HUNGARY
101-107Views:242This paper is a report. The paper analyzes the effects of the pandemic of SARS-COVID-19 in early childhood education and care in Hungary, especially in kindergartens. The paper presents the local and government decrees, which control the operation of kindergartens from March 2020 till September 2020. The paper presents the early childhood educators’ and assistants1 extraordinary activities during the pandemic and those challenges they had to face.
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A CASE STUDY OF TEACHING ENGLISH IN KINDERGARTENS SINCE 1989 – A NORTH-EAST HUNGARIAN CITY
127-137Views:83In our paper, we deal with the significance of learning languages at an early age. The research aimed to explore how the teaching methods employed in kindergartens have altered with the change of the political regime in 1989–90. A case-study was conducted using semi-structured interviews (n=7) with early childhood educators and language teachers in 2016/2017. Oral history method was used because no written material was produced. Based on information we received from the informants and local authorities, early English activities were available in 68% of kindergartens in the North-East Hungarian city when the research was undertaken. The number of kindergartens which organize playbased foreign language practices has been increasing since the 1990s. In the beginning, providing educational personnal was the most difficult task. Using audio-visual devices and props has been highly important, and Early Childhood Educators have been doing their best when working with children aged 4–7. However, there are differences too, due to the development of technology.
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The Theory of Multiple Intelligences and the Reggio Emilia Approach®’s Effectiveness in International Institutions of Early Childhood Education in Dubai
115-125Views:65This paper investigates the theory of Multiple Intelligence and the Reggio Emilia’s effectiveness in international institutions of Early Childhood Education in Dubai. The goal is to see if the combination of the two groundbreaking hypothesis can indeed help educators implement and use the combination of the two assist with the very sensitive topic of education at early stages. This paper assumes if used in a proper and careful manner the implementation of the multiple intelligence and Reggio Emilia can indeed be effective and assist children and educators alike.
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Theory of the Diversity of Alternative Music Pedagogy Methods
67-75Views:82Our music education is based on the concept of Zoltán Kodály and the methodological guidance of Katalin Forrai in early childhood, which is an indispensable foundation and support for Hungarian music education. The method uses fundamental values to develop children's musical skills and abilities. At about the same time, music teachers throughout Europe were engaged in reforming the structure and methodological tools of music teaching. Among these music teachers, I would like to highlight the pedagogy of Dalcrose, Orff, Willems and Freinet, who successfully applied early childhood music education and the development of children with special educational needs in their programmes. Based on their pedagogy and methods, they agreed on the following principles: musical education should start as early as possible, continuous musical activity (singing, rhythm, listening, movement, improvisation, instrument, listening) should be given priority, and in addition to age-specific characteristics, adequate emphasis should be given to individual talents, since the uneven development of psychic abilities can lead to differences in levels within a single age group over several years. Music can develop empathy and social skills. Through rhythms and harmonies, the development of large and fine movements can be achieved. It is beneficial for thinking, creativity, self-expression and the development of the sense of self. Music improves well-being, concentration and actively helps to develop attention. It leads to openness and flexibility. It also has a powerful effect on speech, imagination and improvisation skills. That is why we can use music for healing and developmental purposes. There is a long line of research that proves that the earlier in life you start to develop, develop or correct your personality through music, the earlier you should start.
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PLAY THERAPY FOR INFANTS AND TODDLERS WITH DISABILITIES IN THE AREA OF EARLY INTERVENTION AND CARE
125-132Views:566The experts of early development working in the Hajdú-Bihar County Educational Service worked out new therapy for the damaged babies, young children, and their families while taking the local factors and resources into consideration. This therapy strongly fits the family-oriented approach and the coordinated, integrated provider model of early childhood intervention. The tool for this is play therapy, which is the most important element of the development of damaged children. The program is based on the healing play therapy designed by Tunyogi (2019). We added some elements of the Step By Step preschool program to the therapy, and for the design of the environment and conditions, we used the Work-Fun-Development concept of Schaffer (1988) Parts of the intensive, group play therapy: sensorimotor program, the differentiated stimulation therapy of the senses, the increase of learning abilities, a staged environment. This year, new elements and therapeutic tools have been added to the program, like the Points of YouTM phototherapy method for parents, as well as dog therapy and baby massage for the little ones.
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THE ROLE OF THE FAMILY IN EMPLOYMENT AMONG UNDERGRADUATES
7-19Views:384The role of the family as the arena for primary socialization is significant throughout our lives. The cultural capital, parental role models, and relationship with siblings all have a tremendous impact on academic and non-academic achievement, social networking, intra- and intergenerational embeddedness, and employment during studies. However, a change in family structure can negatively affect a child’s development, decrease his or her academic and non-academic achievement (Engler, 2016), and also causes a higher prevalence of health risk behaviours (Kovács and Nagy, 2017). In addition, due to the lower level of financial capital provided by the family, young people who have grown up in a non-intact family structure are often forced to work during their university or even high school studies to ensure their self-preservation. In our research, we examined the attitudes of the students studying at the University of Debrecen towards family and work in the light of the family structure, covering childhood storytelling experiences (BEST 2020). In addition to demographic issues, changes in family structure, childhood storytelling habits, and work-related attitudes were examined (N=159). 25.6% of the students’ parents are divorced, 24.3% grew up with their mother. 86.5% of the parents read tales in childhood, mostly (75%) every day, typically mothers. No significant difference could have been detected in childhood storytelling experiences based on family structure (p=0.322). Although the ratio of employment is higher among children of divorced parents, a significant difference is found at the beginning of employment. Based on the results, parents try to support university studies at least partly, but they are unlikely able to provide other resources that could force students to work. Based on our results, it can be stated that the role of the family in the early employment of young people is also significant, and the change in the family structure increases the proportion of employment besides university studies, which is mainly due to the family's financial situation.
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A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE ON THE THERAPEUTIC ROLE OF CHILDREN'S FOLK SONGS
75-81Views:196Starting from the idea that treating a problem is done more efficiently when we address the causes that generated it than when dealing with symptoms, respectively from theories that claim that most of the mental disorders have their roots in the mother-child relationship developed in the early childhood, through the paper entitled A Theoretical Perspective on the Therapeutic Role of Children's Folk Songs we intend to argue the more use of songs from children's folklore in music therapy. Thus, in the first part of the paper, we bring to the attention of the main theories that demonstrate the importance of the mother-child relationship from the early childhood in order to a healthy evolution of the child from the point of view of its psychic development, with special emphasis on their expression through vocal singing. In the second part of the study, we propose to approach the defense mechanisms from the perspective of the positive functions that it performs in the case of normal persons, as a defense mechanism and defense behavior. In the third part of the paper, we present an analysis of the repertoire of songs from the children's folklore from the perspective of the content of ideas, of the structure of the melodic line, of the specific rhythms, as a mirror of the relationships that children develop with themselves and with others, in particular with my mother. In the fourth part of the paper, we argue the use of songs from children's folklore in music therapy in order to trigger certain memories from the first childhood so that the traumas that have not been overcome are then treated properly. The paper concludes with some final considerations.
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MAKING OBSERVATIONS - HUNGARIAN TRANSLATION
47-50Views:128The text is the translation from Kathy Brodie’s, an early years consultant’s, paper (2014) about observing children. The paper lists several ways of observing children and also discusses choosing the right method.
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INVITATION TO THE 'EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION' INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE
88-90Views:52Date: 2016. May 25-26.
Place: Debreceni Egyetem Gyermeknevelési és Felnőttképzési Kar (Hajdúböszörmény, Désány István u. 1-9.) -
FROM STUDENTS' PEN: EXPERIENCES OF STUDY-TOURS OF ERASMUS + AND CAMPUS MUNDI
67-84Views:94The paper is written by Social Pedagogy, Infant and Early Childhood Educator or Early Childhood Education BA students of the Faculty of Education for Children and Special Education of the University of Debrecen who took part in Erasmus+ and/or Campus Mundi mobility programs (study or traineeship) between 2014 and 2017. The students give a brief summary of their positive and negative experiences as well in Barcelona (Spain), Tallinn (Estonia), Is-Swatar (Malta), Plymouth (United Kingdom), Cluj Napoca, and Oradea (Romania), and Wrasowice (Poland).
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CULTURAL DIVERSITY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION THE CASE OF REGGIO EMILIA APPROACH IN DUBAI
71-80Views:189Although the term “culture” is a controversial term and there is no unified meaning that is accepted by all, societies deal with culture in every aspect of day-to-day life and interactions. The dilemma of how to introduce or accept a culture or cultural norm in a society, especially a society that is regarded as multicultural, is felt more intensely. Within international schools and specifically, in the multicultural society of countries such as the United Arab Emirates, this cultural diversity is clearly visible. On the other hand, the world-known and famous Reggio Emilia approach which has been successful in numerous Western countries has found its way to pre-primary education in the UAE. This paper will look into the implementation of the Reggio Emilia approach in the culturally diverse society of the UAE compared to Italy and other Western countries. The aim is to see if the important aspects of the Reggio Emilia approach such as teachers as researchers, children as citizens with rights, the role of the environment, curricula as long-term projects, and finally, parents as partners in education enterprise, are indeed implemented in the Reggio Emilia nurseries in the UAE. Or could it be the case that due to the cultural diversity of the UAE this implementation in its full and exact sense is not possible and nurseries in the UAE are only inspired by the approach?
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INVITATION TO THE 'EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION' INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE
101-103Views:54Date: 2016. May 25-26.
Place: Debreceni Egyetem Gyermeknevelési és Felnőttképzési Kar (Hajdúböszörmény, Désány István u. 1-9.) -
PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT IN EARLY CHILDHOOD THROUGH MUSIC EDUCATION
189-196Views:358The study focuses on a small but important segment of Hungarian culture, the musical education of children aged 3-7. Its central theme is to examine how the adaptation of folk games and related movements can be one of the most complex developmental forces in the personality development of this age group. This is because this period is fundamental in terms of cultural transmission and plays an integrative role in aesthetic education. As the pre-school child develops musically, his or her memory, imagination, associative abilities, creativity, attention and interest are constantly being developed through joyful activity, since his or her movements in connection with folk play are not yet guided and determined by the meaning and content of the text, but by the melody and its rhythm and the spontaneous feeling of joy associated with them. The role of musical education, and within it of folk games, is also evident in the process of emotional education, socialisation, intellectual development and language development. The links examined and presented demonstrate that folk games help children to develop skills that will enable them to become school-ready and to continue to develop in adult life.
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INVITATION TO THE 'EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION' INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE
103-105Views:54Date: 2016. May 25-26.
Place: Debreceni Egyetem Gyermeknevelési és Felnőttképzési Kar (Hajdúböszörmény, Désány István u. 1-9.) -
COLOURED STICK: TEACHING WITH A COMPREHENSIVE GAME FOR IMPROVING CHILDREN’S SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL ABILITY IN KINDERGARTEN
59-65Views:413The emotional ability must be properly managed in order to survive and adapt to social life so that social and emotional abilities can be trained from an early age. As a part of early childhood, kindergarten is one of the most effective places to help children develop social and emotional abilities effectively through play activities. Thus, kindergarten teachers need to find alternative activities and play equipment that can stimulate socio-emotional abilities. One way is by means of the game "Coloured Stick" made of pieces of wood that are developed by combining three types of games, namely constructive games, educational games, and traditional games. This teaching tool can be applied in an integrated manner in kindergarten learning activities, which include the opening, core, and cover with a strategy that varies according to the indicators of social-emotional development. The learning process is the use of the game "Coloured Stick" which is systematically designed and integrated so as to facilitate its application. The application of this tool was tested in small groups of 8 students over eight meetings in July and August 2015, and a large group of 14 students over 12 meetings in August and September 2015 in Fithria Islamic Kindergarten, South Jakarta. Subjects in the test groups were teachers and kindergarten students. The results of both the trial groups were seen from the difference between initial and final assessments. The small trial group results increased by 0.1 points (4.88%) up to 0.29 points (9.76%) whereas the large trial group results increased by 0.05 points (1.63%)to 0.93 points (30.83%). Descriptive this increase occurred in the child are varied and each child's progress in socio-emotional capabilities in the grain or indicators of social-emotional abilities are different. This is very possible because each child has a differing ability to absorb the learning content. The results show that the colored sticks game tool can help children develop social skills because the learning process can be carried out in groups. In addition to boosting the child's emotional development, it can also help children develop confidence and respect for themselves, not become easily frustrated because the concepts are according to the age and development of the children, and to exercise patience because they have to wait for their turn to play.
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FIRST STEPS OF EDUCATION IN THE FAMILY – THE POSSIBILITIES OF EARLY CHILDHOOD PREVENTION AND INTERVENTION AT THE DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRICS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF DEBRECEN
109-116Views:270In Hungary, preterm birth is a common issue; approximately 8.000 infants are born preterm each year. At the Department of Pediatrics of the University of Debrecen, our Pediatric Psychology and Psychosomatic Unit work to minimize the risk of neurodevelopmental delay in children born prematurely or in other risk groups. In favour of it, we help families at both the prevention and the intervention levels. Parent education, organization of parent groups, and counselling provide us an opportunity to acquaint parents with the possibilities of using help. The chapter briefly describes the possibilities of prevention (screening tests, diagnostics) and intervention (parent group, music therapy, animal-assisted therapy, sensory integration therapy), the family implications of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Bayley-III diagnostic and screening test, which is one of the most advanced developmental tools for early prevention. Our approach is that, in favour of healthy and balanced development, the whole family needs to get the appropriate support and care. Supporting and strengthening parental efficiency is an important step by which the parent is able to implement a method of education that takes into account the individual characteristics of the child, by which the child's adaptability, carrying capacity, and social skills develop and strengthen.
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MONITORING AND SUPPORTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE IN THE UNITED KINGDOM
69-77Views:112Development is a continuous process influenced by several factors. If practitioners would like to ensure children's and young persons' optimal social and emotional development and school performance, they have to monitor both development and academic achievement from early childhood until the age of 19. In the UK, more than one million children struggle with speech, language, and communication problems so early identification is of vital importance. If identification is missed or late, it may have detrimental effects on the child’s or young person’s psychological, mental, and physical health. Multi-agency teams work in collaboration in order to provide relevant help to those in need.
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THE OXIPO GAME COLLECTION FOR DEVELOPING COGNITIVE ABILITIES
63-73Views:1328This study is a presentation of the first phase of a complex research project which aims to present the theoretical background of a new game collection (based on OxIPO model). We have compiled a game collection to improve cognitive abilities in early childhood. Concerning cognitive abilities, Affolter's (1972), Sindelar's (1994) and others' earlier developmental approaches took into account visual, auditive or motoric (inter) modalities of perception, however, we believe we need a more complex model to cover the full capability. Within the framework of the OxIPO model (Mező, 2002, 2016), learning is interpreted as an information processing process. In the OxIPO model (Field, 2002, 2016), Learning = Organization x (Input + Process + Output) allows us to control and systemize not only the input modalities but also the output modalities and also to interpret some cognitive abilities in the process phase. We have created a game-collection based on six input (visual, auditive, kinesthetic, olfactory, gustatory, and tactile) modalities and five cognitive abilities (perception, attention, memory, conceptual thinking, problem-solving thinking) and three output (visual, auditive, motoric) modalities. The outcome of the six input modalities and the five target abilities and the three output modalities there are 90 different games that can be described by the OxIPO model. In the future, we would like to prove with empirical studies that this game collection can be used for testing and developing 90 independent cognitive abilities. On the other hand, we need to prove that these cognitive abilities indeed influence the daily lives of children and their effectiveness.
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LIFE-DESIGN COUNSELING AND CAREER ORIENTATION: HOW A CHILDHOOD ACCIDENT MAY HELP IN CAREER ORIENTATION?
63-69Views:194The notion of life-design is an extremely complex process, but according to Mark Savickas (2015), its parts can be used in career orientation. It is a new form of intervention that uses life-stories for deeper self-knowledge and goal-orientation. Prior choices and decisions strongly influence later life. It does not simply follow the „we reap as we sow” principle, but the guidance of the earliest recollections without therapy.