Journal of Special Treatment, 2022. Vol. 8. (3.) - full text

We can find the trace of the fragmentation and deprofessionalisation of the lecturers’ jobs from the early nineties in the field of higher education research. The post-academic phase which was described by Ziman (2002) become more typical in Hungary, too. This shift can reduce the artisan way of research, make the quantification more significant and increase the frequency of teamwork. Scott (2009) highlights that this generates such an organisational environment that is full of elements of alienation and the usage of ICT tools can amplify this tendency. The aim of this article is to reveal the reflexions of the lecturers on this specific environment with the help in 31 semi-structured interviews. We recorded the interviews in ten cities of Hungary and the lecturers came from 12 disciplines. The elements of lecturers’ work were identified (research, teaching, administration, and taking part in applications) but it is hard to see successful examples to put these parts together in high quality. The patterns of these elements are different in the fragmented world of higher education and the expectations of institutions can form their significance at the same time. The barriers to academic careers in the post-academic phase became identifiable at the same time.

The goal of the present study is to analyze the changing number of children and students with special educational needs in the 2009/2010 and 2019/2020 school years. Sample: 77 844 children/students in the 2009/2010 school year, and 91 331 children/students in the 2019/2020 school year. Method: Secondary data collection was applied with the data of the Hungarian Central Statistic Office. Descriptive statistics and a chi-square test was used for data analysis. Results: the number of children and students with special educational needs increased: the difference was more than ten thousand people. The results can be used from the teaching of special educators to the support of children with special needs and their teachers, special educators, and families.

To make language teaching effective, it is important to consider the forms of language teaching, especially when we talk about learners with a specific learning disability. Our theoretical paper tries to review the literature of language teaching and dyslexia. The goal of our paper is to briefly present the definitions of dyslexia as well as to describe its signs and symptoms. This paper deals with the issues of language acquisition and language teaching, focusing on the difficulties which emerge when learning English. A dyslexic learner usually has difficulties in reading and writing in his L1, their reading is slower and they have problems with reading comprehension too. Besides the possible difficulties, we also discuss the strengths of dyslexic learners as their most important compensating skills are global/holistic thinking, visualisation, creativity, and problem-solving. Our paper also deals with the regulations governing language teaching in schools and the issues of choosing the language to learn at school. In higher education and in the world of work, speaking foreign languages and having language certificates are advantages, consequently, it is necessary to have appropriate course material. Language learners with dyslexia also have to take a school-leaving exam /GCSE in a foreign language, which is why our paper also deals with the output of language teaching in schools as well as the possibilities for dyslexic candidates offered by some Hungarian language exams (ORIGO, BME, DExam, ECL) The paper also mentions the issues of course material and language course books, as well as addressing the question of inclusive teaching for dyslexic learners. We also discuss the competencies required by a Special Educator as a language teacher, as he/she can help students, not only in learning English but also in the integration process.

The term early childhood intervention (and prevention and development) refers to the specificities of child development and the professional environmental responses to them in the early years of life, which involve many sectors (public education, social, health, etc.) and many professional groups. The understanding of 'early childhood' itself has changed rapidly and now extends from the prenatal period, including the family planning/expansion period, to the child's entry into school. A new element in the system of care and support, in the policy strategies, is the prenatal period, the focus on the family, and the fact that support does not end when children start school. There is a need to design programs with a long-term impact in mind, to 'prepare' for events in later years and stages of life, and to assess the impact of the programs that are in place. The paper summarises some of the basic ideas of early childhood intervention and prevention in a way that takes them forward in time and points to their social impact.

The importance of physical activity is increasingly recognized by many people, both laymen, and professionals. Regular exercise at all ages contributes to strengthening the different dimensions of health. Ideally, physical activity is integrated into our lives from an early age, however, based on public health indicators, unfortunately, the opposite trend is to be seen in Hungary. One of the most striking features of demographic processes is the continuous increase in the number and proportion of the elderly population. In an ageing society, it is crucial to maintain good health conditions for people over 65 for the following reasons: to improve the quality of life of the individual, to reduce health expenditures, and because of the inevitably increased number of elderly in the labour market. National demographic changes are just as characteristic in Hajdúböszörmény, so it is worth examining the components of the physical activity of the local population. The aim of our research is to explore the characteristics of exercising related to work, transport, household work, and leisure sports. Unfortunately, as well as the amount, the quality of the population’s time spent exercising is below international recommendations. Mapping the exercising motives of the elderly confirmed our assumption that the preservation of physical and mental health is the main drive behind the activity of the target group.

The present study aims to promote the navigation between anthropology and ethics, or more precisely, the ethics of anthropological activity in the increasingly intense debates and discourses emerging in the field of science. The unfolding of contemporary debates, and the identification of the basic questions forming its framework, is a more complicated task than compiling a scientific history list of exchanges of ideas around the code system of professional ethics in anthropology. The analysis aims to contribute to the understanding of this and to the interpretation of the eclecticism characteristic of modern sociocultural anthropology's scientific ethics.

The largest population movement in the history of Europe since the Second World War has been the migration process of recent years, which also appeared in Hungary in 2015. The significant demographic movement has resulted in important social reactions and has developed different narratives in the civil and also in the power fields. In Hungary, the refugee issue has become a decisive topic of political discourse since 2015, and the party coalition was among the first in Europe to represent the security policy. As a result, the refugees appeared as a source of danger, so the government has rejected them. In spite of this, the grassroots volunteer groups were organized in the civil sphere, who helped the refugee masses passing through Hungary in 2015. This paper analyses a very brief but very intense manifestation of Hungarian civil society involvement as a social response to current conflicts. We will look at how the 2015 migration wave grassroots crisis management took place in Debrecen. This cultural anthropological research is based on online and offline participatory observations and semi-structured interviews and informal conversations with volunteers who helped refugees in Debrecen. This study focuses on the motivations, attitudes, social responsibility of volunteers and their voluntary activity embedded in broader socio-political conditions. The first part of the article shows the formation and operational peculiarities of solidarity philanthropic organization with refugees in Debrecen. Then follows the individual aspects of volunteering. Finally, it will be discussed the socio-political context of the civil voluntary movement, the political interpretations of refugee assistance, and its impact on volunteering. With outlining a segment of the contemporary volunteer phenomenon we can get closer to provide a framework for understanding the possibilities of the recent civil sphere.  

The study deals with a possible new library pedagogic function of school libraries, and the presentation of the library as a development pedagogic arena. The study analyzes the points of synergy between the professions of librarian and developmental pedagogue, the traditional and innovative tasks of elementary school libraries, as well as developmental pedagogic opportunities that appear in the process of teaching-learning, learning development, and information searching. The aim of the study is to show how the school library, as a renewable development-assisting information center, can effectively carry out its mission according to its traditional function, at the same time, expanded with new content that meets the expectations of the 21st century, it becomes an interesting arena to promote the development of student abilities.

Teaching languages to learners with dyslexia is a challenge for the language teacher since preparing materials for Multi-sensory Structured Learning Techniques (MSL) is time-consuming and costly. In our paper, we present simple teaching aids that are appropriate, mostly for upper-primary English lessons (Grade 4–8). The paper does not discuss possibilities offered by ICT tools, focusing on manipulative tasks only. First, we present techniques without writing (e.g. TPR), then we present tasks and ideas that require writing in the areas of developing spelling, vocabulary and speaking. In addition, we discuss the development of listening and writing skills. 

The evolution of the teaching profession is closely related to social expectations and the professional expectations toward career guidance counseling professionals are complex and thorough. It is important to have an interdisciplinary approach and to have the appropriate social competencies! In this study, we strive to present the career orientation that promotes the development of appropriate competencies further teacher training, and career guidance opportunities in basic teacher training. To have an effective school career guidance procedure it's necessary to integrate this activity into the system of the “every day” pedagogical tasks. Therefore, it is important that teachers be aware of the training opportunities where career guidance is prioritized.

The ’T.É.M.A.: Tudományos És Művészeti Alkotóműhely’ is a scientific and artistic talent development program that realizes in the frame of the NTP-INNOV-22-0095 project of the Kocka Kör during the 2022/2023 school year. The program is supported by the Hungarian National Talent Program and the Prime Minister's Office. This study summarizes the target system and expected results of this project.

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