The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview of the relationship between cognitive, motor, and speech development in early childhood, with a particular focus on such problems as they are associated with the use of digital screens, by reviewing the relevant literature and theoretical frameworks. In the first part of the study, we present the basic mechanisms of cognitive functions, motor and speech development and their interactions, and briefly discuss the role of cognitive and executive functions in speech development. In the second part of the study, we discuss the impact of digital screen use on child development in light of Hungarian and international research experience and trends. In addition, we review the guidelines and recommendations related to digital screen use that can help parents, caregivers, and (special) educators to support healthy language development in children.