This study presents the partial results of research exploring the autonomy and self-determination opportunities of adults with disabilities. Our present study presents the results of a set of questions concerning identification and, in connection with this, the possibility of taking responsibility and making decisions (guardianship), as well as independence in activities related to everyday life, such as dressing, transportation, and the use of information and communication tools. The uniqueness of our research lies in the fact that we examine the realization of autonomy from two different perspectives: that of the person with a disability and that of the family caregiver, primarily the mother. We use a qualitative method, semi-structured interviews, to explore the possibilities for people with disabilities to exercise autonomy and self-determination. Our goal is to find out whether persons with disabilities consider themselves adults, whether they have the opportunity to make independent decisions and take responsibility, and how they assess their own skills and abilities in various activities related to everyday life. A further aim is to explore whether families identify their relatives with disabilities as adults, how they relate to their efforts to achieve autonomy, and whether they help them to achieve autonomy; if so, how, and in what ways do they support the realization of autonomy? According to our research findings, people with disabilities have limited autonomy. They experience greater freedom of self-determination in the areas of self-service and self-care activities related to everyday life. The responses of people with disabilities reveal a need for autonomy, a desire for independence, and a desire for self-determination. The attitude of family members towards the autonomy of their relatives with disabilities is contradictory in many areas, and they tend to strive for control. The view of disability continues to be characterized by an ability-centered and deficit-oriented approach.