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Parenting Styles as Predictor of Adolescents’ Delinquent Behaviours
71-83Views:406Adolescence is a period attributed with series of changes, and sometimes, adolescents engage in deviant behaviour and violate societal norms. The impacts of these delinquent acts are deleterious and needed to be curbed. This study examined parenting styles as predictor of adolescents' delinquent behaviours. Married adults in Kwara State, Nigeria comprised the population of this study (n=300) and sample was chosen using simple random sampling technique from Kwara South Senatorial Districts. Questionnaire designed by the authors was used to collect data from the respondents. Mean and rank order analysis was used to answer the research questions. The hypothesis was tested using multiple regression at 0.05 level of significance. The finding revealed that authoritarian and authoritative parenting styles were common among married adults. It was shown that permissive and uninvolved parenting styles were the predictors of adolescents’ delinquent behaviours. It was recommended that parent should endeavour to create adequate time to interact with adolescent, sten to their worries, provide unambiguous responses to their queries and relate friendly with them. Counsellors should be adequately prepared to address the cases of youthful exuberance.
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Experiences of Stress Management Group Sessions with Adolescents Living in the Child Protection System
163-173Views:169The development of adolescents living in the child protection system is often shaped by early traumatic experiences, losses, and unstable attachment patterns, which may result in heightened emotional stress and impaired self-regulation. The aim of the present study is to present a group-based intervention focusing on stress management and the development of self-awareness among adolescents aged 14–18. The group work was designed to reduce tension, increase awareness of personal resources, and enhance coping skills. The theoretical framework of the program was grounded in the self-regulatory model of personality, the psychodynamic approach to group development, and the group development model proposed by Amundson et al. (2013). International research findings—particularly meta-analyses on the group-based application of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT)—support the effectiveness of group interventions. Our experiences indicate that a structured group setting facilitated emotional expression, self-reflection, and the experience of social support, thereby contributing to the adolescents’ personality development and psychological well-being.
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PARENTAL FACTORS AS PREDICTORS OF IN-SCHOOL ADOLESCENTS’ BULLYING BEHAVIORS IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA
73-88Views:372Bullying is a complicated issue that arises from intricate relationships between family members, peers, the school community, and culture. One of the key indicators of bullying is parental variables. Studies linking various parental factors to bullying behaviour or roles are scarce, particularly in Nigeria. Therefore, this study examined parental factors as predictors of in-school adolescents’ bullying behaviors in Kwara state, Nigeria. The population comprised 223, 893 in-school adolescents in Kwara State and a sample of 400 was drawn from this population across the State. The data were collected through the use of researchers’ designed scale. The data collected were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistic. In the results, parental factors significantly predict in-school adolescents bullying perpetration and victimization. Based on the findings of the study appropriate recommendations were made.
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Interpersonal Closeness and the Meaning of Life of Adolescents - Preventive and Therapeutic Value.
171-180Views:122In this article, the authors will present an extremely interesting and at the same time very topical topic concerning two areas - interpersonal closeness and adolescents' sense of meaning in life. Young people today, in what we can call the age of consumerism, focus on taking rather than giving. Interpersonal relationships are diminishing, closeness, as well as the sense of life, in young people, are losing their value. This can lead to many dangerous situations, as a consequence of which the adolescent may stop coping with life in the real world. The article presents a qualitative study of young people from Poland. The study used a structured interview, whose questions concerned the meaning of life and the sense of interpersonal closeness. The results of the study have preventive and therapeutic value.
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DIFFERENCES IN PURPOSES AND LIFE-GOALS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF HEALTH BEHAVIOR IN A ROMANIAN ADOLESCENT SAMPLE
19-29Views:325The goal of this research was to investigate specific personality factors theorized to be involved in adolescents’ health behavior, such as individual differences in the level of purposes in life and the variations of life goals. The instrumentation for the study was a self-completed questionnaire, which included items for assessing health-behavior data, the Purposes in Life scale, and the Aspiration Index for life-goals’ assessment. There were 385 teenage study participants aged between 16-18 years (mean = 16.8 years; 182 boys – 47.3 % and 203 girls – 52,7%) in Transylvania, Romania. Results showed that adolescents who engaged in health-protective behaviors (e.g., physical activity, fruit /vegetable consumption) reported higher levels of purposes in life and intrinsic life-goals, such as affiliation or personal growth. Conversely, those engaged in health risky behaviors (e.g., substance use, sweet/soft drink consumption) not only reported lower levels in having a purpose in life but also tended to report fewer health goals for the future as well as personal growth. These findings argue that health professionals should incorporate and emphasize the development of teenagers’ life goals and purposes in the design and conceptualization of school-based prevention and health promotion programs that focus on fostering healthy lifestyle adoption.
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EFFECT OF SPORT ON SELF-ESTEEM, ANXIETY AND COPING OF EARLY ADOLESCENTS
43-56Views:622This paper is about the effect of sport participation on self-esteem, anxiety, psychological immune system, and achievement motivation among early adolescents. Sample: 47 athletes (handballers) and 46 non-athletes boys took part in this research (age: 11-13 years). Methods: Coopersmith Self-esteem Inventory (Coopersmith, 1984), Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAI, Spielberg, 1973), Achievement Motivation Scale (Tóth, 2005) and Psychological Immune System Inventory Junior (PIK-J, Oláh, 2005). Results: sport increases self-esteem and coping, decreases anxiety and achievement motivation. Furthermore, these factors are not independent so positive changes in one field cause positive changes in others as well.
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ADOLESCENTS’ HEALTH BEHAVIOUR ACCORDING TO SPORT AND FAMILY STRUCTURE
27-37Views:337Health awareness plays an important role in our life. It’s important to live an appropriate lifestyle because an adequate way of life helps to conserve the optimal health status and to prevent chronic diseases (Conner, 2005). The role of the family and parents is still significant. Children turn toward their peers but the family stands in the background as a supporting basis (Kovács & Pikó, 2009). However this function cannot be fulfilled with the crisis and disintegration of family structure which can mean a serious stressor, so it can increase the appearance and in serious cases the long-lasting subsistence of harmful health behavior (Bramlett & Blumber, 2007). The aim of the study is to measure the appearance of smoking, getting drunk, and substance use depending on the sport and family structure in three counties on the basis of FASCES 2015. According to the results only pursuing sport does not influence the testing rate but it can be seen as a protective factor. Family structure considered on its own is not a significant influencing factor but the mediating role of social factors are well perceptible in case of smoking, getting drunk, and using weed.
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The Role of Emotional Communication Within the Family in the Development of Emotional Intelligence: Exploring the Potential of Artificial Intelligence in Fostering Emotional Intelligence
101-114Views:319The study, conducted against a systems theory background, aimed to investigate the emotional intelligence of adolescents, comparing it with the communication and emotional expression patterns of their families. A total of 44 young people aged 14-17 years participated in the study, and data were collected using a self-compiled demographic questionnaire, an abridged version of the Bar-On Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire Adolescent Version, an abridged version of the Family Emotional Expression Skills Questionnaire, and the Olson Family Test. The research results showed that in well-functioning families, children's emotional intelligence can develop better through better communication and better emotional expression: the family as a primary socialisation setting thus plays a key role in the acquisition of emotional competences. In addition, artificial intelligence, a modern-day achievement, can also play a role in developing young people's emotional intelligence and increasing their emotional awareness.
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The Examination of Health-conscious Behaviour among Secondary School Students
45-54Views:58The development and everyday practice of health-conscious behaviour have become increasingly important in contemporary society. In the process of shaping a healthy lifestyle, the enhancement of awareness plays a key role; therefore, it is essential that education promoting regular physical activity and a health-conscious way of life begins at an early age. The aim of the present study was to explore the extent to which health consciousness and the pursuit of a healthy lifestyle are present in the lives of secondary school students in a small town, as well as to examine whether behaviours harmful to health occur in their everyday lives, with particular emphasis on the increasingly popular tobacco products. Furthermore, the study sought to investigate the influence of socialisation contexts, specifically the relationship between family background and willingness to engage in sports, and the impact of online social media applications on regular physical activity. The primary research was conducted using an online questionnaire survey to students in grades 9–11 (n = 69) at Derecske I. Rákóczi György Secondary Grammar School, Technical School, and Dormitory. The survey assessed students’ attitudes toward a healthy lifestyle. The findings indicate that students at the investigated secondary school are familiar with the key components of a healthy lifestyle and strive to incorporate them into their everyday lives. The family, as the primary socializing environment, appears to have a significant influence on their health consciousness. Health-risk behaviors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and illicit drug use were not characteristic of the respondents. In contrast, the consumption of unhealthy foods, including fast food and sugar-sweetened beverages, was reported to be common among the participants. The impact of the internet and media on sporting habits was found to be substantial, with these factors exerting a predominantly negative influence on adolescents’ willingness to engage in regular physical activity.
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Self-Concept as a Correlate of Academic Achievement of Special Needs Students in Kwara State
151-168Views:214Special education has shifted from a position of delivering professional services to students with disabilities to a system that seeks to encompass the broad concept of promoting quality education for students. This study examined the self-concept as correlate of academic achievement of special needs students in Kwara State. The study adopted a descriptive survey research type. Special needs students in the three local government areas in Ilorin, Ilorin South, East and West Local Governments Area constituted the total population for this research. The researchers designed a questionnaire entitled: self-concept as a correlate of academic achievement of special needs students’ questionnaire” (SCCASNSQ). 200 questionnaire forms were administered. Research questions were answered using mean score, while inferential statistics of mean, standard deviation and Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) were used to test the formulated hypotheses. The finding of the study revealed that academic ability, physical ability, social ability, emotional ability, general self-worth ability and scholastic ability influence self-concept as correlate of academic achievement of special needs students in Kwara State. More so, there was no significant relationship between self-concept and academic achievement of special needs students in Kwara state in Kwara state. There was significant relationship between religion, school type, age and self-concept and academic achievement of special needs students in Kwara State. The findings concluded that while self-concept may not directly influence academic achievement among special needs students in Kwara State, factors such as religion, school type, and age significantly impact both self-concept and academic performance. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended among others that parents and other stakeholders in the education sector should enhance adolescents’ interpersonal relationship by strengthening their physical, social and emotional self-concepts through relevant social skills training.
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Leisure Activities and Preferences of Students Participating in Adaptive Physical Education
7-18Views:41The aim of the study was to explore the leisure time habits of students participating in adapted physical education and to examine the underlying dimensions of leisure preferences and their socio-demographic relationships. The questionnaire-based survey involved parents of 202 students from Debrecen. Data analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics 31. Factor analysis was applied to identify the underlying dimensions of leisure activities, while non-parametric statistical tests were used to examine the relationships between background variables and the identified factors. The results revealed three distinct factors: cultural, digital, and sport-oriented leisure activities. Significant relationships were found between cultural and sport-oriented leisure activities and parental educational level as well as financial status, while digital leisure activities were primarily associated with gender and age. The findings highlight that the leisure habits of students participating in adapted physical education are significantly influenced by socio-demographic factors. From a practical perspective, the study may contribute to the development of health promotion and educational programs supporting active and healthy leisure activities among children and adolescents.
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Internet and Social Media Use Patterns Among Youth in State Care
39-50Views:232This study analyses the social media usage patterns of adolescents in state care and young people within the general population, with a particular focus on the relationship between loneliness and digital platform option within the framework of Uses and Gratifications Theory (UGT).This topic is quite relevant today as mobile devices and the Internet had turned into key venues for the socialization and emotional regulation norm of young people, especially those who are disadvantaged in their social relationships. In our research, we seek to answer how young people's use of various social media platforms reflects the fulfilment of their social needs, and how these patterns are influenced by subjective well-being, feelings of loneliness, and family background. The sample consists of 554 young people aged 13–20, including those in state care and a control group. Based on the results of the quantitative analysis, young people in state care primarily use Messenger to maintain family relationships, very intensly, or seldom, as a kind of ‘virtual umbilical cord’, while for the control group, the same platform is a way of strengthening peer relationships. The overall impression indicates that lonely young people in state care are more likely to turn to platforms offering passive, parasocial content (such as YouTube). According to the overall results of our study, the functional role of social media varies significantly depending on social background: For young people in state care, digital communication is not only a form of entertainment but also, in a sense, a partial substitute for a lack of relationships and a psychological coping strategy.
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Supporting Students with Anxiety in Their Studies
83-98Views:446Anxiety is a prevalent mental health issue among children and adolescents, which can have a detrimental impact on their personal relationships and academic performance. This study aimed to identify the manifestations of anxiety in educational settings, the effects of anxiety on educational activities, and the types of support that should be provided to students with anxiety. The following research questions guided this study: 1) How is anxiety expressed among 13-14-year-old students when in school? 2)How does anxiety affect the 13-14-year-old students' educational activities? 3) What kind of support should be provided to students with anxiety at school? The participants were 26 students aged 13-14 from various Estonian schools. The data was gathered for analysis via interviews and a questionnaire. A mixed-methods approach was employed. According to the research, children experience anxiety both before and during a test or presentation. It appears that each student expresses fear at school in a different way. Students who learn remotely report feeling less anxious during class activities. This is because they do not have to answer in front of the class or turn on the camera when participating in online lessons. Furthermore, students aged 13-14 prefer to talk to their friends who are also experiencing anxiety than to adults who do not understand their anxiety. Finally, the students' answers revealed that the teacher should ask all the students with equal frequency to present their homework. It is also recommended that anxious students be supported by helping them recall what they have learned and use different methods to assess their knowledge. The students stated that they require a quiet and safe place to be alone at school. There is a need to raise awareness about anxiety symptoms and ways for teachers to support students.
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The Impact of Video Gaming on 0-12-Year-Old Children’s Visual Cognitive Abilities: Narrative Review
157-170Views:354This narrative review explores the growing prevalence of video gaming among children and its impact on their visual cognitive development, particularly attentional mechanisms and visual information processing. As games are introduced at younger ages and become increasingly prevalent, concerns emerge about their effects on developing cognitive systems. The review synthesises current evidence on how fast-paced video games challenge children’s visual processing, filling a gap in the literature, which has mostly focused on adolescents and adults. It outlines childhood gaming habits, key visual cognitive developments, and the effects of gaming on these processes. Research suggests that video gaming can enhance spatial-visual attention and stimulus processing speed; however, the effects vary depending on age, game type, offline engagement, and parental involvement. Early and excessive gaming may lead to cognitive overload and attention difficulties that extend beyond gaming contexts. While games may enhance divided attention, these skills often fail to transfer effectively to real-world tasks, such as learning. The review concludes with practical considerations for age-appropriate, balanced gaming to support healthy cognitive development.