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Secondary School Workshop About Dynamics Supported by Computer Software
84-90Views:74In the framework of the “Debrecen Venture Catapult Program (EFOP-3.6.1-16-2016-00022)” the colleagues of the Department of Basic Technical Studies of the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Debrecen worked out workshops for secondary school students. One of the above mentioned workshops is the „Dynamics workshop supported by computer software”, the topic of which is the experimental and theoretical study of dynamic problems using highly developed computer software. Apart from describing the above mentioned workshop and the experiences related to it, we also present the reactions of the students, and describe how the workshop contributes to their widening knowledge.. Furthermore, we also analyse what knowledge, skills and information students would need to be more creative, motivated and initiative and this way more successful in their studies and at work, as well as in their everyday lives, in the field of engineering. In the end, as a conclusion, we make recommendations concerning further improvements of the workshop.
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The Situation of Digitization in the Hungarian Food Processing Industry
196-209Views:347Thanks to various technologies, such as nanotechnology, the next decades will completely transform the individual production processes and sectors. With the rapid advancement of information technology, the digitalization and automation of industrial processes pose new challenges for food business operators. Hungarian food companies will be able to keep up with their competitors and be the winners for the next decades if they can successfully adopt these technologies. However, this requires a strong focus on digitization, digital strategy, and directing investment, technology change and R&D activities in this direction. Digitization is one of the decisive directions of the future, which is why I felt it essential to study the level of digitization of Hungarian food companies, IT infrastructure and Internet usage, the use, and role of enterprise management systems, decision support and business analysis tools, and business readiness, Industry 4.0 technology change. Based on the 205 evaluable responses to the questionnaire, it can be said that only a tiny proportion of Hungarian food companies have a digital strategy and only a few have digital transformation.
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Industry 4.0 Concept and Key Elements
100-111Views:221Growing and constantly changing international competition, increasing market volatility and demand for increasingly customised products (personalised manufacturing), and shorter product life cycles create significant challenges for companies that traditional production systems can no longer meet. Industry 4.0 is a new manufacturing paradigm focused on creating intelligent products and processes. The focus has been placed on achieving fully effective customised production under conditions suitable for mass production. Make-to-order replaces make-to-stock. Despite the growing interest in Industry 4.0, it is still not a consensual concept. There is no clear idea about this new manufacturing paradigm, so I attempt to present the available definitions of Industry 4.0 through the presentation of the scientific literature, declare the concept's technical elements, and present them in detail to get a clearer picture of the concept.
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Comparison of the Euler-Bernoulli- and Solid Models of Three-Point Bending Test Specimens
53-68Views:116For hand calculations, the Euler-Bernoulli beam model has become widespread in engineering practice due to its simplicity and accuracy. In the present study, I compare the state variables calculated based on the Euler-Bernoulli model of a crack-free concrete beam and a crack-free concrete beam reinforced with FRP bars with the result of the three-dimensional solid body model.
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Dependence of the Passive Force Fp From the Revolutions, back Engagement of Cutting Edge Ae, Working Engagement of the Cutting Edge Ap During Milling
72-79Views:146In this contribution is analysed the force component of final force (passive force) by peripheral milling operation. Therefore, the main parameters that had influence to independent variable were revolutions, back engagement of a cutting edge ae, working engagement of the cutting edge ap. The article deals with the issue of milling in material AlMgSi0.5 (aluminium alloy). Specifically evaluates the force component with respect to change of revolutions (4000/min., 5000/min., 6000/min.), working engagement of the cutting edge ap (1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm) and back engagement of a cutting edge ae (5 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm). The Alfaflex process fluid with 7% concentration was supplied in an amount of about cca 10 l/min.
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Business Students’ Attitude to Social Responsibility
1-10Views:254The companies’ most important goal is the satisfaction of consumers’ needs and the profitmaking. But nowadays the companies have to deal with the activity of corporate social responsibility, too. Therefore it can be interesting to research about the next questions: can ethics be taught? Do we have to teach ethics in the schools and especially in the business schools? What are the students’ attitudes toward the social responsibility? Are students sensitive and open-minded connection with this issues? The aims of the study were to examine responsible management attitudes among business students at the University of Debrecen (Faculty of Economics and Business). We draw their CSR pyramid (based on Carroll model) and present their opinion in reference to business education’s role in social issues.
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X/Y emberkép hatása a teljesítményre változó környezetben
429-440Views:518A vezetési stílus kérdésköre kutatott terület, több elmélet és modell is született az elmúlt évtizedekben, ezek közül az egyik legismertebb a McGregortól származó X/Y elmélet, amely nagy múltra tekint vissza, mégis máig foglalkoztatja a kutatókat. Az utóbbi években számos olyan elemzés is megvalósult, amely a stílusnak a szervezeti teljesítményre gyakorolt hatását vizsgálta objektív vagy szubjektív mutatók használatával. Ebben a munkámban az X/Y elmélet alapjainak, a családi vállalkozások meghatározásának és a teljesítménymérésre tett legutóbbi kísérleteknek a rövid áttekintésén túl családi vállalkozások vezetőinek körében végzett empirikus kutatásomat mutatom be. A kutatási kérdéseimmel (K1, K2) arra kerestem a választ, hogy van-e összefüggés a vezető McGregor-i emberképe és a vállalkozás teljesítménye között. A teljesítmény mérőszámaként korábbi kutatások nyomán objektív számviteli adatot, az értékesítés nettó árbevételét vettem alapul, a 2008-as gazdasági válság idején a vállalkozók vezetői is elsődlegesen ebben – az értékesítési forgalom változásában – mérték a válság hatásait. A korábbi, X/Y emberkép hatásait vizsgáló kutatások a válság lehetséges befolyásoló hatásait nem vették figyelembe, indokolt lehet ilyen tekintetben is elemzéseket végezni, ezért az első kérdésemben (K1) az X/Y emberkép és a 2008/2012 -i teljesítmény közötti összefüggést vizsgáltam, ezzel lehetőségem nyílt a 2008-as gazdasági válság induláskori (2008) és a vezetők előzetes várakozása szerint fellendülést hozó 2012-es év teljesítményének összevetésére. A kapott eredmények a korábbi kutatási eredményekhez hasonló képet mutatnak, az Y elmélet képviselői eredményesebbek, amelyet a kereszttábla-elemzés szignifikáns eredményei is megerősítettek. Második kérdésemben (K1) a gazdasági válság időszakának átugrásával a K1-hez képest más időhorizonton (2008/2017) vizsgáltam meg az X/Y elmélet szerinti lehetséges összefüggést. Ez utóbbi (K2) esetben a K1-től eltérően statisztikailag nincs kimutatható összefüggés a változók között, viszont az arányok arról tanúskodnak, hogy az Y emberképpel rendelkezők ebben az időtávban is sikeresebbek forgalomnövelés tekintetében. Az attitűdök nagyon nehezen formálhatók, viszont az X emberképpel rendelkező vezetőknek érdemes lehet felülvizsgálni az emberekről alkotott vélekedésüket, változtatni a hozzáállásukon, mert az eredményekből kitűnik, hogy mérhetően sikeresebb az, aki Y emberképpel rendelkezik. A vállalkozások többségénél aktuálissá váló generációváltás esetében a kapott eredmények tükrében azt is érdemes megfontolniuk a stafétát átadó vezetőknek, hogy milyen emberképpel rendelkező utódra bízzák a vállalkozás további irányítását.
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Assessment of the Working Ability of Persons with Disabilities and Reduced Work Capacity
36-52Views:567Employment of persons with disabilities and reduced work capacity falls significantly behind that of non-disabled persons both in our country and the European Union. According to research findings, the low employment rate is partly due to discriminatory attitudes towards the group of employees concerned. In the labour market integration, apart from the attitudes of the employers, the approach of the employees working for the institute has also got a significant role, as they are the ones who as colleagues work together with persons with disabilities and reduced work capacity day by day.
The research findings presented in this study focus on the research question whether the 747 employees who participated in the questionnaire survey make a distinction between persons with disabilities and persons with reduced work capacity on the grounds of their ability to work. If so, what kind of differences are noticeable and what factors have a positive impact on their approach? What is characteristic of the employees with higher level of inclusive attitudes?
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Topology optimization and rim design
92-101Views:259A goal of this article is to show the development of the car wheel rims along with the progress of the manufacturing technologies over the past few years. To achieve this goal, topology optimization and generative design usage have been reviewed in this work. The research has focused on the main factors, which affect the life of car wheel rim, and it has shed the light on the effect of the topology optimization and the generative design on the manufacturing of the car wheel rims. Since the main factors above-mentioned are the: forces, material preferences and topology optimization, the study has covered the results of the studies made on each part along with the technology progress. Moreover, the article has explained the methodology main steps of the topology optimization and the generative design and their principles.
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The Concept of Public Works in India
271-276Views:90The objective of this paper is to understand the concept of public work in India. Nowadays we may approach a wide and broad understanding of public work on international level. One aspect is working for the government. Another one is associated with fighting unemployment and providing work possibility for the unemployed (by doing this decreasing poverty). It may also be understood as participated in governmental financed construction programmes and NREG is one such programme which helps to generate employment for the poor people in India. In this paper various aspects about public works in India are discussed.
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Corporate Social Responsibility Scenario in Jordan: Transformation Context
1-10Views:257Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is not an alien concept in Jordan; although it has been seen so far as a philanthropic activity in keeping with Jordanian traditions. Jordan is an old state, politically stable and it is now in transformation from the point of CSR view, since more and more Jordanian stakeholders are becoming aware of the CSR concept and some firms in Jordan are working their way towards strategizing CR efforts. However, business still not fully grasps CSR practices and still considers CSR as part of philanthropy framework rather than lifting it to an upper level and taking it as a strategic approach to sustainability. Unfortunately, CSR in Jordan faces impeding obstacles: economic challenges, lack of government’s incentives, skill-set, weak transparency and disclosure, and finally management and governance. This study attempts to present the picture of the transformation of CSR in Jordan and discuss its main steps of evolution, moreover, it aims to analyze the challenges and future prospects of CSR on a national level. Regarding the applied research method, the paper’s data sources are of secondary research and I have used desk research to illustrate most important points and findings on the topic.
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Comparison of the information content of the notes on the accounts between information technology services and sports activities
689-700Views:174Annual accounting statements are an important source of information within business relations amongst companies. However, it should be noted that due to their aggregate nature, the necessary information and through that the necessary knowledge can only be obtained from the two fundamental parts of the annual statements (balance sheet and profit and loss account) if the notes on the account contains the information that contributes to the more comprehensive interpretation of the other part of the annual statement. Beyond that, the notes to the financial statement have to help the presentation of a reliable and realistic overall image. In the notes to the financial statement, depth and detail of the disclosed information are not specifically stated, therefore their professional evaluation is left to the given enterprise. My basic purpose is to illustrate a comparison of the information content of the notes on the accounts between information technology services and sports activities. By means of text mining, we analyse the extent to which the notes on the accounts are in conformity with the Accounting Act.
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Sustainability Goals - Can we Reduce Malnutrition?
268-276Views:276Nowadays, some parts of the world hunger still exists. One of the milestones of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) is eradicating hunger. These goals include a road map for progress and documenting specific steps to combat hunger. Another type of hunger that has been very common in these days is hidden hunger. Eradicating extreme poverty and hunger is still an illusion. The number of people living in extreme poverty and malnutrition has fallen slightly in recent years. Measuring hunger is a very complex issue. The Global Hunger Index is a tool to comprehensively measure and monitor hunger at global, regional and national levels. Despite noticeable improvements, the question remains: will the world achieve its Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including the eradication of hunger, by 2030? Despite these efforts, even in economically developed countries, hunger or food insecurity still exist.
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Examining the Virtues of Organisational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) at an SME
41-52Views:97Nowadays, especially in the Eastern region of Hungary, small businesses face an increasing challenge in attracting and retaining a well-qualified workforce that is able to accept and commit to the goals of SMEs. This is due to the promising career prospects offered by foreign-owned large companies locating here. However, if SME employees possess the virtues of organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB), they will develop a stronger commitment to the organisation. The aim of our research was to explore the extent to which the five OCB virtues; sportsmanship, conscientiousness, altruism, politeness and civic virtue are present in a small construction company in Hajdú-Bihar county. Our survey was carried out using a questionnaire method, which was analysed as a function of length of service, education and age. The main findings are that there is a strong correlation between the presence of OCB characteristics and age and length of time spent with the firm.
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Link between Corporate Philanthropy and Corporate Financial Performance: Evidence from Pakistani Textile Sector
1-12Views:122Literature highlights the immense potential of Corporate Philanthropy (CP) for generating social and economic benefits. The debate on economic benefits align corporate philanthropy with the business bottom line arguing that it can be a significant determinant of corporate financial performance. This research is intended to extent this debate by providing sector specific perspective through analyzing the sample of Pakistani public listed textile companies. Results of the study show that corporate philanthropy has a significantly positive relationship with Return on Assets (ROA) but with Return on Equity (ROE) the relationship is found to be insignificant. The previous year’s financial performance moderates the relationship between CP and ROA but the interaction effect for ROE is insignificant.
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Relationship between Population Growth and Urbanization
527-541Views:420The main purpose of this article is to examine how to respond to and change the field of urbanization. Creating dwindling new opportunities and challenges for globalization, new sector introductions and agricultural dominance. In relation to changing trends in urban and rural environments, people's preferences are very diverse and their lives are changing. The difference between a big city and a small city can test different lifestyles. It is a fundamentally important infrastructure personality insurance system (both cities), important from the point of view of larger cities and very different from small towns in terms of quality. The benefits of small towns can be a unique lifestyle and a healthy lifestyle, which can certainly be felt. Among the different characteristics of urbanization in developing and developed countries, we can mention the different time course and magnitude [1]. Namely, in developed countries the urban explosion has taken place for a long time and with fewer people than in developing countries [2]. The rate of urban population growth in the latter group will be 4.04% between 1950 and 1975, 3.6% between 1975 and 2000, and 2.4% between 2000 and 2030. The Earth and all of humanity are facing many challenges these days, and this trend will continue in the future. The planet's overpopulation and changing eating habits put great pressure on agriculture and the countryside. Research focused on the countryside focuses on analyzing the various functions of rural areas.
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The Impact of Electrical Vehicles on Sustainability: Jordan as a Case Study
393-403Views:177The Global concern is moving toward making a revolution in favor of exploitation of renewable energy in order to improve environment conditions, limit emissions and minimizes consumption of non-renewable resources within the planet. In this context, it is necessary to focus on the transport sector as it contributes of at least 30% of the total primary energy consumption. Therefore, a set of rules must be developed to maintain economic, environmental and social sustainability to address the problems so as not to increase their severity and these cannot be done unless there are joint measures and regulations from governments, companies, manufacturers and users. Unfortunately, the Jordanian transport system mostly depend on the individual transport which supported by cars, and that because of the weak role played by the public transport sector, especially at the capital, Amman. Buying hybrid cars (internal combustion engine + electric motor) and Electrical Vehicles (EV), in the past few years in Jordan is increasing, which is compatible with the global trend to use Electrical Vehicles (EV) instead of Internal Combustion Engine vehicles (ICE) powered by fossil fuels, this issue will have a direct and indirect impact on gas stations companies, also it will have direct impact on labor sector and the current car industry since electric charging stations as well as EV manufacturing is not labor intensive. The main purpose of the study is to show how much it is necessary now to start theoretical assumptions through studying the expected annual increase in passenger cars and its impact on sustainability and predicting the future fuel consumption and emissions and compare them with the base situation.
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Examining the employees and sectors of the economy according to the digital competence in the EU memeber states
344-357Views:244In this study, the challenges of digital development and its sectoral effects were examined between 2015 and 2017 in the EU Member States, based on data of OECD, Eurostat, and the World Bank. The connection between the countries' digital development and sector dominance was analyzed. I found - in line with international research - that in countries that belong to the developed group, the high value-added service sector is dominant. The statistics of developing countries’ supported the assumption, that industry is the engine of the economy. The analysis of the underdeveloped countries revealed that agriculture and industry are the most important sectors compared to other countries. Measuring the demand of developed countries for ICT professionals, I examined the relationship of individuals with different digital competencies to one kind of self-education. In line with international research, my database showed that digitally unskilled people are the least likely to take advantage of online courses. As a continuation of the research, it would be worthwhile to carry out this study in other economic areas as well. Especially in areas where salaries for high-digital occupations do not differ significantly between countries in the region.
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Trends and Challenges of Databases
71-75Views:66The database management, using relational databases, is part of curriculum in the Hungarian high schools. The aim of this paper is to present how we can show for students the challenges facing data processing, data retrieval, beyond the relational database management taught in high school.
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Ethical Leadership, at the Beginning of a Research
188-195Views:282In this study I deal with the ethical leadership. I give an insight into the approaches of ethical leadership, give a literature review on the concept of ethical leadership, and introduce the measurement methods used in the most important empirical researches related to this topic. I also try to report on the first results of my research (I plan to describe features of Hungarian leaders based on a smaller sample). How does this relate to the challenges of Industry 4.0? I give the answer from the fact that, with the advent of these new technologies (which in themselves have ethical questions), among these new challenges, the focus of the manager's attention will continue to be partly on their employees. If they set an ethical example for their subordinates, they encourage their employees to act ethically, which gives the company a competitive edge in many ways, both in the product/service market and in the labor market too. So, with my study, I would like to draw the attention of executives and managers to the fact that new technologies and the human factor together bring new successes, and that one possible way of doing this is by consciously managing their company ethically and developing an ethical organizational culture.
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Examination of Sports-Related Expenditure by Competitive Sportsmen and Women
126-134Views:82The economic role of sport has grown worldwide in recent decades, and Hungary is no exception. Sport is one of the most important industries, offering significant economic benefits to the country. Accordingly, the sports economy is attracting increasing attention and playing an increasingly important role in both the international and domestic economy In the study, we looked at how much people spend on sport activity. A questionnaire survey was conducted. In addition to demographic data, we asked about their sporting habits and their willingness to spend on sport. The majority of respondents are competitive athletes, mostly competing in team sports. The results show that respondents who compete in team sports have a much higher expenditure, on a monthly basis, than people who compete in individual sports.
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Most Effective Management Style for Modern Workplace
402-411Views:3286There are managers who are coaches, who are democratic, who are dictatorial and those who are consensus builders. All styles come with positives and negatives, many managers employ a combination of all to make progress. Ultimately, the managers that have the most successful teams are the ones who help each individual member of the team to grow. To manage the best way possible, you need to be strict but gentle and, employees will probably feel good and happy in a medium where inclusivity is a need. Balance in the work environment is imperative for empowering employees from all background to feel certain about their potential and accomplish their best. The higher the self-esteem, the more beneficial the employees are. People from different background can offer variety of abilities and experiences, aptitudes and encounters that might be of advantage to the organization and their work execution. Although some hybrid of aptitudes can be gainful with regards to helping each other, a mixture of skills and abilities among the group likewise implies that workers can gain from each other. By working nearby individuals of various backgrounds, experiences and working styles, creative ideas can be conceived then discussed among each other and offering feedback and proposals. Though one individual might be extraordinary at out of the box thoughts, another individual may have the important experience to execute it; so it is fundamental to play on every individual's skills, abilities and work together within the group.
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Comperative Economic Analysis of the Determining Leagues of European Clubfootball
22-35Views:452Nowadays sport is not just all about entertainment, or about social cohesion but also it has serious economic and business aspects. Sporteconimics is an individual concept and sector. Sport businesses are contributing more and more to national incomes. Football business are specially important parts of this complex system called sporteconomics. The aim of my research is to create an economic and also comparative analysis of the five top European football leagues, also called as the “Big5” which are responsible for 74% of the total football revenue in Europe. By the analysis of the 2019 UEFA report it can be stated that in these leagues more than 60% of the competing clubs achieved positive operating profits, but the structure of their revenues warns them to look for opportunities to increase their operating revenues. According to the data it is clear that wage cost is the most significant cost element in the industry as they cover 53-68% of their total revenue. These statements set the course for the economic development of European football. The management of these outstanding football clubs may give example to the ones falling behind including Hungarian football businesses.
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Analysis of the Causes and Effects of Noise from Rail Transport
116-130Views:80Noise emissions from rail transport are a major concern, as they affect both the environment and people's health and quality of life. Among the many sources of noise emissions, rail vehicles and infrastructure are a major factor. With regard to rail noise emissions, it can be concluded that noise effects are influenced by a number of factors. These factors include train speed, track condition, traction technology and the noise abatement methods used. The negative effects of noise exposure include sleep disturbance, stress and mental health deterioration. It also affects the quality of life of people in urban areas and property prices. It should be emphasised that reducing noise emissions from rail transport is key to creating a healthier and more sustainable urban environment. To achieve this, it is important to use modern noise abatement technologies, improve infrastructure and implement noise abatement actions effectively. Transport authorities and railway companies should work together to achieve a more noise-free rail transport, to improve people's quality of life and to protect the environment.
