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• Editorial Preface

  9

  László Fodor

  Views:

  118

  In the preface, the content of the given issue is described by the editor. In addition to the latest changes to the journal, here is the explanation of the Latin phrase on the back cover.

• Editorial

  7-8

  László Fodor

  Views:

  135

  In the preface, the content of the given issue is described by the editor in the form of 5-6 line article descriptions (annotations). In addition to the latest changes to the journal, here is the explanation of the Latin phrase on the back cover.

• PhD Studies in Law in Hungary–Difficulties and Possibilities (Before the 9th Academic Year of Géza Marton Doctoral School of Legal Studies)

  38-53

  Gábor Kecskés

  Sándor Szemesi

  Views:

  108

  In this study the authors (Gábor Kecskés as the secretary of Doctoral School of Legal Studies at István Széchenyi University and Sándor Szemesi as the secretary of Géza Marton Doctoral School of Legal Studies at Debrecen University) examine the legal framework concerning doctoral schools of legal studies in Hungary as well as the specialties (and realities) of Géza Marton Doctoral School at Debrecen University. One of the main purposes of this article is to salute the beginning of the 100th academic year at Debrecen University, additionally the article tries to introduce how doctoral schools can fulfil the continuously changing (more precisely, tightening) requirements of the Hungarian Accreditation Committee, taking into consideration the unwritten expectations as well as the general interests of the host universities and the doctoral school itself.

• Collection of Annotated Bibliographies (2012. Nr. 2)

  157-224

  Colleagues and students of the UD Faculty of Law UD

  Views:

  136

  An annotated bibliography of recent Hungarian legal science books is published regularly (twice a year) in our journal. The annotation is a short, factual description of the usefulness of the book, which, in addition to bibliographic information, defines the genre and briefly outlines the subject matter and the results presented. The authors of the annotations are members of the Faculty of Law of the University of Debrecen (lecturers, PhD students or gradual students). The current issue presents the second part of the book descriptions of books published in 2012.

• Collection of Annotated Bibliographies (2013. Nr. 2)

  167-209

  Colleagues and students of the UD Faculty of Law UD

  Views:

  138

  An annotated bibliography of recent Hungarian legal science books is published regularly (twice a year) in our journal. The annotation is a short, factual description of the usefulness of the book, which, in addition to bibliographic information, defines the genre and briefly outlines the subject matter and the results presented. The authors of the annotations are members of the Faculty of Law of the University of Debrecen (lecturers, PhD students or gradual students). The current issue presents the second part of the book descriptions of books published in 2013.

• Collection of Annotated Bibliographies (2011. Nr. 1)

  101-135

  Colleagues and students of the UD Faculty of Law UD

  Views:

  157

  An annotated bibliography of recent Hungarian legal science books is published regularly (twice a year) in our journal. The annotation is a short, factual description of the usefulness of the book, which, in addition to bibliographic information, defines the genre and briefly outlines the subject matter and the results presented. The authors of the annotations are members of the Faculty of Law of the University of Debrecen (lecturers, PhD students or gradual students). The current issue presents the first part of the book descriptions of books published in 2011.

• Collection of Annotated Bibliographies (2014. Nr. 1)

  171-235

  Colleagues and students of the UD Faculty of Law UD

  Views:

  199

  An annotated bibliography of recent Hungarian legal science books is published regularly (twice a year) in our journal. The annotation is a short, factual description of the usefulness of the book, which, in addition to bibliographic information, defines the genre and briefly outlines the subject matter and the results presented. The authors of the annotations are members of the Faculty of Law of the University of Debrecen (lecturers, PhD students or gradual students). The current issue presents the first part of the book descriptions of books published in 2014.

• Collection of Annotated Bibliographies (2015. Nr. 2)

  165-223

  Colleagues and students of the UD Faculty of Law UD

  Views:

  125

  An annotated bibliography of recent Hungarian legal science books is published regularly (twice a year) in our journal. The annotation is a short, factual description of the usefulness of the book, which, in addition to bibliographic information, defines the genre and briefly outlines the subject matter and the results presented. The authors of the annotations are members of the Faculty of Law of the University of Debrecen (lecturers, PhD students or gradual students). The current issue presents the second part of the book descriptions of books published in 2015.

• Collection of Annotated Bibliographies (2012. Nr. 1)

  169-212

  Colleagues and students of the UD Faculty of Law UD

  Views:

  108

  An annotated bibliography of recent Hungarian legal science books is published regularly (twice a year) in our journal. The annotation is a short, factual description of the usefulness of the book, which, in addition to bibliographic information, defines the genre and briefly outlines the subject matter and the results presented. The authors of the annotations are members of the Faculty of Law of the University of Debrecen (lecturers, PhD students or gradual students). The current issue presents the first part of the book descriptions of books published in 2012.

• Collection of Annotated Bibliographies (2013. Nr. 1)

  159-239

  Colleagues and students of the UD Faculty of Law UD

  Views:

  139

  An annotated bibliography of recent Hungarian legal science books is published regularly (twice a year) in our journal. The annotation is a short, factual description of the usefulness of the book, which, in addition to bibliographic information, defines the genre and briefly outlines the subject matter and the results presented. The authors of the annotations are members of the Faculty of Law of the University of Debrecen (lecturers, PhD students or gradual students). The current issue presents the first part of the book descriptions of books published in 2013.

• Collection of Annotated Bibliographies (2014. Nr. 2)

  261-324

  Colleagues and students of the UD Faculty of Law UD

  Views:

  116

  An annotated bibliography of recent Hungarian legal science books is published regularly (twice a year) in our journal. The annotation is a short, factual description of the usefulness of the book, which, in addition to bibliographic information, defines the genre and briefly outlines the subject matter and the results presented. The authors of the annotations are members of the Faculty of Law of the University of Debrecen (lecturers, PhD students or gradual students). The current issue presents the second part of the book descriptions of books published in 2014.

• Collection of Annotated Bibliographies (2010. Nr. 2)

  105-138

  Colleagues and students of the UD Faculty of Law UD

  Views:

  115

  An annotated bibliography of recent Hungarian legal science books is published regularly (twice a year) in our journal. The annotation is a short, factual description of the usefulness of the book, which, in addition to bibliographic information, defines the genre and briefly outlines the subject matter and the results presented. The authors of the annotations are members of the Faculty of Law of the University of Debrecen (lecturers, PhD students or gradual students). The current issue presents the first part of the book descriptions of books published in 2012.

• Collection of Annotated Bibliographies (2015. Nr. 1)

  163-212

  Colleagues and students of the UD Faculty of Law UD

  Views:

  212

  An annotated bibliography of recent Hungarian legal science books is published regularly (twice a year) in our journal. The annotation is a short, factual description of the usefulness of the book, which, in addition to bibliographic information, defines the genre and briefly outlines the subject matter and the results presented. The authors of the annotations are members of the Faculty of Law of the University of Debrecen (lecturers, PhD students or gradual students). The current issue presents the first part of the book descriptions of books published in 2015.

• Collection of Annotated Bibliographies (2017. Nr. 2)

  Colleagues and students of the UD Faculty of Law UD

  Views:

  238

  An annotated bibliography of recent Hungarian legal science books is published regularly (twice a year) in our journal. The annotation is a short, factual description of the usefulness of the book, which, in addition to bibliographic information, defines the genre and briefly outlines the subject matter and the results presented. The authors of the annotations are members of the Faculty of Law of the University of Debrecen (lecturers, PhD students or gradual students). The current issue presents the second part of the book descriptions of books published in 2017.

• Collection of Annotated Bibliographies (2010. Nr. 1)

  146-173

  Colleagues and students of the UD Faculty of Law UD

  Views:

  103

  An annotated bibliography of recent Hungarian legal science books is published regularly (twice a year) in our journal. The annotation is a short, factual description of the usefulness of the book, which, in addition to bibliographic information, defines the genre and briefly outlines the subject matter and the results presented. The authors of the annotations are members of the Faculty of Law of the University of Debrecen (lecturers, PhD students or gradual students). The current issue presents the first part of the book descriptions of books published in 2010.

• Collection of Annotated Bibliographies (2011. Nr. 2)

  137-190

  Colleagues and students of the UD Faculty of Law UD

  Views:

  160

  An annotated bibliography of recent Hungarian legal science books is published regularly (twice a year) in our journal. The annotation is a short, factual description of the usefulness of the book, which, in addition to bibliographic information, defines the genre and briefly outlines the subject matter and the results presented. The authors of the annotations are members of the Faculty of Law of the University of Debrecen (lecturers, PhD students or gradual students). The current issue presents the second part of the book descriptions of books published in 2011.

• A Collection of Annotated Bibliographies (2017. Nr. 1)

  146-168

  Colleagues and students of the UD Faculty of Law UD

  Views:

  146

  An annotated bibliography of recent Hungarian legal science books is published regularly (twice a year) in our journal. The annotation is a short, factual description of the usefulness of the book, which, in addition to bibliographic information, defines the genre and briefly outlines the subject matter and the results presented. The authors of the annotations are members of the Faculty of Law of the University of Debrecen (lecturers, PhD students or gradual students). The current issue presents the first part of the book descriptions of books published in 2017.

• The Basic Thesis of the State Theory of Győző Concha: "Theory of Constitiution"

  133-160

  Tamás Vasas

  Views:

  282

  Győző Concha’s book “Politika”, published in 1895, is still relevant for the understanding of the theoretical problems in constitutional law. Thus, it is important to analyse the peculiar use of constitutional terms in his theory in order to understand his unique interpretation of the concept of the constitution and its relevance for political and legal philosophy.  The methodological goal of the research is to present the meaning of the concepts used by Concha, and to highlight their functional role. It is also an important question as to how Concha’s constitutional theory was incorporated into his political philosophy, and how these concepts are interpreted in today’s political and legal terminology. It is also the paper’s aim to “translate” Concha’s vocabulary and constitutional theory into the language used in 21st century constitutional theories, and to present and evaluate the relevance of his constitutional theory in understanding the current constitutional problems of political communities.

• Kelet és Nyugat között: Örményország és Szerbia az európai és eurázsiai integrációban

  96-106

  Daniel Haitas

  Flóra Fazekas(Translator)

  Views:

  336

  Kelet-Európában megfigyelhető, hogy egyes államok két jelentős regionális integrációs szervezettel is kapcsolatok kiépítésére törekednek: az Európai Unióval és az Eurázsiai Gazdasági Unióval. A két szervezet bizonyos értelemben egymás versenytársa, ugyanis mindkettő igyekszik saját szervezetét vonzóvá tenni az érintett államok számára. Vannak azonban olyan kelet-európai államok, amelyek elköteleződnek amellett, hogy az egyik szervezettel mélyebb együttműködést alakítsanak ki, ugyanakkor megpróbálják a másikkal is fenntartani, sőt akár szorosabbra fűzni kapcsolataikat. Jelen tanulmány célja, hogy ezeket a folyamatokat Örményország és Szerbia példáján mutassa be.

  Örményország teljes jogú tagként csatlakozott az Eurázsiai Gazdasági Unióhoz, ugyanakkor az Európai Unióval is kapcsolatokat épített ki: 2017-ben átfogó és megerősített partnerségi megállapodást kötöttek. Szerbia ezzel szemben az Európai Unió tagjelölt állama, amely már megkezdte a csatlakozási tárgyalásokat is. Emellett azonban fenntartja szoros kapcsolatait az Eurázsiai Gazdasági Unióval olyannyira, hogy egy szabadkereskedelmi megállapodásról folynak köztük a tárgyalások. Mindkét államra igaz tehát, hogy eredetileg egyértelműen elköteleződtek valamelyik regionális integrációs szervezet irányába, ugyanakkor a másik szervezettel is a kapcsolatok mélyítésére törekednek. Jelen tanulmány e kapcsolatok alakulását tekinti át, bemutatva az Eurázsiai Gazdasági Unió létrejöttét és intézményi sajátosságait is.

• The Importance of the Offender's Personality in the Infliction Process, Particularly as Regards the Criminal Records

  91-108

  Ágnes Pápai-Tarr

  Views:

  251

  During the infliction process, the judiciary needs to take into account the accused person’s personal circumstances, a process which also consists of the thorough exploration of the criminal records of the accused. It has to be considered whether the accused has committed any crime, and has been sentenced before, and if they have been, how many times, when, for what crime, and, last but not least, what the sentence was. These factors may greatly influence the inflicted punishment as a clean record is usually considered by the judiciary as a mitigating circumstance, while recidivists, offenders who pose an increased risk to society, are more seriously penalised. The penal literature of the last few decades lacks thorough studies on the previous criminal records of offenders. In my study paper and research, I attempt to make up for this shortage by examining the criminal records of the offender as a criterion of the infliction process. My aim is to present the actual judicial practise beyond the effective legislative environment and call attention to certain anomalies.

• The framework for budgetary expenditure of local governments between 1993–2010 and after 2010

  79-97

  Péter Bordás

  Péter Bordás

  Views:

  504

  The present study is an analysis of the budgetary expenditures of the Hungarian local governments between 1993 and 2010. One of its main objectives is the presentation of the most significant local public functions. The problem of borrowing and debt management of local governments cannot be ignored in this study. Based on the results of the study it is clear that the operational expenditures were pre-dominant meanwhile the local governments could not dedicate more money to the investment in different domains. The most important failures of the previous system were the unfavourable allocation of duties and the decreasing central support. After the adoption of the new Municipal Law, important financial changes put in place. As a tendency of the past few years it can be stated that the scope of local public tasks is narrowing (e.g. the primary education and the social security system were centralized) whilst the budgetary expenditures of local governments are decreasing. As a main conclusion the author states that the local financial autonomy was reduced during the last years.

• Editorial Preface

  9-11

  László Fodor

  Henriett Rab

  Views:

  94

  In the preface, the content of the given issue is described by the editor. In addition to the latest changes to the journal, here is the explanation of the Latin phrase on the back cover.

• Imposing Punishments in Practice: The Practice of Imposing Sentences on Drink Driving Based on File Research

  114-132

  Ágnes Pápai-Tarr

  Views:

  195

  I researched the practice of imposing punishments on drink driving in the area of authority of the Court of Debrecen, as a major part of a comprehensive study of the imposition of sentences. The main aim of the research was to collect data about the imposition practice regarding offences which are committed en masse, and result in uncomplicated judgements. Another aim was to study how detailed was the exploration of the factors concerning the personality of the offender, and to what extent the judge could take into account such information during the individualised imposition process. This study describes the results of the file research, primarily focusing on the observations regarding the imposition of certain types of sanctions.

• Agricultural irrigation in Hungary, with special regards to the water resources levy and agricultural water supply fee

  46-61

  Ágnes Bujdos

  Views:

  165

  The price of the agricultural irrigation is determined by the water resources levy and agricultural water supply fee, which are regulated under Article 15/A. (1) and Article 15/F. (1) of the Act LVII of 1995 on Water Management. A kind of dualism concerning the price of the irrigation can be observed in Hungary. On the one hand, the necessity to irrigate has to be reflected in the price due to the negative impacts of drought on crop production, although irrigation scores low on the hierarchy of water uses. On the other hand, the price must also express the value of water as an irreplaceable natural resource with limited renewable capacity. Based on the analysis of the said provisions, it can be concluded that though allowing derogations from paying for the agricultural irrigation can be justified in many cases,  concerns can be raised regarding their uniform application without involving discretion regardless, among others factors, of the differences in the economic situation of the farmers.

• The Effect of the Nagoya Protocol in the Fight Against Biopiracy: Results and Challenges

  11-39

  Emese Újvári

  Views:

  172

  The Nagoya Protocol, which aims to enable the countries of origin to benefit from the utilization of their genetic resources they make available, entered into force in 2014. The present study examines the extent to which the Protocol has since proven to be an effective tool in curbing biopiracy, the most common problems that arise in this regard, and the conditions for more effective application.