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  • NEW APPROACH TO ANALYSIS OF HIGHLY QUALIFIED YOUNG WORKERS: THE PRECARIATE
    7-17
    Views:
    175

    The study focuses on the labour-market situation of young graduates utilizing the database of the Hungarian Graduate Tracking System. The purpose of the research is to map certain characteristics of the precarious situation posed by the labor market on this group which is in a rather favorable labor market position in comparison to other groups. The concept of the precariat is defined as a type of labor-market uncertainty, in which unfavorable working conditions, like insecure short-term jobs, fixed-term employment contracts, low wages, etc. are concentrated. In addition to the lack of financial security, these characteristics may lead to general insecurity and in some cases to labor market and social exclusion (LaVaque-Manty 2012, Standing 2012). This analysis focuses on the presence of a precarious condition that creates an insecure labour-market situation among young graduates and it attempts to find the main explanatory variables in the interpretation of this phenomenon. In addition, it investigates whether socio-demographic, socio-cultural characteristics, like gender, marital status, type of qualification (BSc, MSc, or Ph.D. degree), and the type of settlement (village, town, city, etc.) affect success in the labour-market. Preliminary results support previous studies that found women in the labor market were disadvantaged. For example, the proportion of women with a fixed employment contract is higher than men, and the interruption of a labor market career is more characteristic of women. More women gave a positive answer to ”I am not working at the moment although I have previously had a workplace”. This suggests that women are more affected by a less stable and less secure labor market than men.

  • CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL PROCESSES IN HAJDÚDOROG
    33-50
    Views:
    511

    Our research conducted in Hajdúdorog is a part of a longer, multiple part research series, in which we will identify the main social features and map the current social processes in the less populous settlements of the more deprived regions of the country in particular. Basically, the aim of our research is to understand and present the perspective of the local people. The decisive criterion for the selection of research sites was that the smaller settlements of these peripheral regions are subject to rather unfavorable socio-demographic processes, including in particular the decline in the population, aging, and the increase in the share of the disadvantaged populations. These processes – unless there are significant changes – project an even more unfavorable vision of the future. The adverse socio-demographic processes described above are definitely observable in Hajdúdorog. Related to this, the primary objective of the research was to understand the opportunities, goals, and vision of the local youth most affected by migration, as well as to recognize the local community relations and the characteristics of cohabitation of the Roma and non-Roma population in particular.

  • Abduction in the Assessment of Special Educational Needs - Learning Disability
    31-44
    Views:
    28

    The diagnostic categories used to define learning disability are not standardized, and categorization systems are vague. This study aimed to explore the diagnostic methodology and strategies used to identify learning disabilities. The aim is to identify abductions in diagnostics in the field of special education. Interpreting diagnostics in remedial education using abduction can help identify learning disabilities more accurately. In the previous research phase, we conducted a meta-analysis of 11 expert reviews to identify abduction using fuzzy logic, fsQCA, and Boolean algebra. This study allowed for the creation of a new abductive diagnostic model. Based on these results, the reliability of the diagnostic process can be increased, and the diagnostic model can be used to detect learning disabilities or other types of problems and to identify sufficient conditions underlying a given phenomenon. Neither qualitative content analysis nor fsQCA revealed a relationship between all variables at a sufficient depth. Thus, in the present study, we moved on to Bayesian meshes, which shift and attempt to reorder previously identified variables based on conditional probability. We hypothesized that the Bayesian mesh and abduction application together may already be an efficient tool, which also anticipates the possibility of automation.

  • TEACHER COMPETENCES IN SÁNDOR IMRE'S PEDAGOGICAL SYSTEM: "A TEACHER SHOULD NOT COMMAND RATHER STEER UNNOTICED" (IMRE, 1928, 196.)
    55-62
    Views:
    136

    In this paper, referring back to the Hungarian didactic traditions, the author is examining the pedagogical thoughts of a 20th-century Hungarian educator, Sándor Imre. The main statement of this paper is that his educational work has an impact on today’s modern education.

  • SITUATION OF CONVICTED PRISONERS WITH PHYSICAL DISABILITY IN PENALTY INSTITUTIONS IN HUNGARY
    63-71
    Views:
    192

    The study seeks to answer the situation of convicts with physical disabilities living in penitentiary institutions in Hungary. The aim of the dissertation is to present a case of ethical issues in addition to the exploration of the relevant legislation and environmental conditions. Recently there has been a growing need for prison staff to provide appropriate, cultured, special accommodation conditions for prisoners with physical disability showing that punishment is only deprivation of liberty and nothing more. Disability in itself should not be an additional punishment during the enforcement of verdicts. The case of the convicted person with physical disability presented also supports this statement.

  • STUDENT’S ATTITUDES TOWARDS CHILDREN WITH DISABILITY
    7-15
    Views:
    550

    Several studies have shown that integrated education has advantages in students’ social development and accepted attitude development (Meyer, Park, Grenot-Scheyer, Schwartz & Harry, 1998).  The studies about the integrated education had been traced for several decades, our research is based on the CATCH (Chedoke-McMaster Attitudes Towards Children with Handicaps Scale) questionnaire (Rosenbaum, 1985) which instrument had been used in several international studies as well (Tirosh, 1997; Vignes, 2008; Godeau 2010; Bosseart, 2011; De Laat, 2013, Schwab, 2017). Our major aim is to map the adolescent youth, their attitudes towards children with special treatment. The questionnaire was based on the three-component model of attitudes proposed by Triandis (1971). This 36-item, the self-administered scale was primarily paper-based, but our adaptation is placed on the online form. The participants of the study were 7th-grade students (N=99) The overall reliability of the test was satisfactory (Cronbach-α= 0,856). In the content analysis, we found two items that were significantly negative and four items which were not significant, those leaving the KMO= 0,809 (KMO>6), therefore suitable for factor analysis. The results show that, however in our sample, these three-component factors aren’t so clear, the test is reliable. There are some subtests that call for a revision, and we will need further researches to develop our assessment tool to make it more reliable and valid.

  • CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL PROCESSES IN SÁP
    49-56
    Views:
    79

    Our research conducted in  Sáp is a  part of a  longer, multiple-part research series,  in which we will identify the main social features and map the current social processes in the less populous settlements of the more deprived regions of the country in particular. Basically, the aim of our research is to understand and present the perspective of the local people.  The decisive criterion for the selection of research sites was that the smaller settlements of these peripheral regions are subject to rather unfavourable socio-demographic processes, including in particular the decline in the population, aging, and the increase in the share of the disadvantaged population. These processes – unless there are significant changes – project an even more unfavourable vision of the future. The adverse socio-demographic processes described above are observable in Sáp. Related to this, the primary objective of the research was to understand the opportunities, goals, and vision of the local youth most affected by migration, as well as to recognize the local community relations and the characteristics of cohabitation of the Roma and non-Roma population in particular.

  • EDUCATION FOR MULTIPLE DISADVANTAGED STUDENTS IN ISRAEL
    31-40
    Views:
    144

    Because of the three religions are involved in the social life in Israel, not only the society and everyday life are very complex, but its educational system as well. The religious, political, cultural, and economic diversity of society has left a strong impression on education, including the educational provision of minority students. The topic of the writing is the education in Israel, including the most disadvantaged group, the past of the Bedouin pupils and their current situation. Nowadays, Bedouins make up one-third of the Negev population (210,000 people) who have been constantly turning from semi-nomadic lifestyles into living in the past decades. About 90,000 people live in unknown villages and camps, which in itself poses serious difficulties for Israeli education policy. The article gives an overview of the changes in Bedouin's social situation in the past 60-70 years, the circumstances of the first school, the effectiveness of the Bedouin pupils, their opportunities for further education, and its characteristics. In order to understand the functioning of the education system, it is essential to know about teacher training and the characteristics of the teachers who work in Bedouin schools.

  • CHILD CONCEPTION AND CHILDHOOD NARRATIVES IN THE LIGHT OF CRITICAL PEDAGOGY, CHILDHOOD SOCIOLOGY AND NARRATIVE PSYCHOLOGY
    41-52
    Views:
    177

    In my thesis I attempt to define the basic concepts of the historical research of child conception and child perception, I try to emphasize the significance of narratives of childhood, and I point to the connection between the child conception, child perception, and the narratives. In the Hungarian pedagogical press, there aren’t yet carefully developed definitions, theoretical approaches regarding the researches of child conception and child perception, and that’s why we have to review that subject.  My study contains three main parts. In the first chapter I review the connections between the everyday pedagogical attitudes or perspectives and the child ideologies, then I analyze the relationship between the development-based pedagogy and the everyday pedagogical discourses, but I attempt to define the contemplative pedagogical attitude too. In chapter II I outline the concepts of child conception (child image) and child perception, and I point the relation between these concepts and the narratives of childhood. The last chapter is a summary with practical aspects, but I don’t show the paradigms of childhood history. In my theoretical overview, I try to answer that question: what kind of resources, components we can find in the different pedagogical views, and how to do these works under our researches. In my view, the child ideologies determine the pedagogical discourses of the different ages, and instead of the totalizing child conception of development-bases pedagogy we try to find new paradigms, e. g. the narrative psychology, the critical pedagogy and the new childhood-sociology, therefore these paradigms are more efficient for the child-rearing practices and our researches. Namely, we can’t vocalize the children’s perspective by the comparison to the adult gauge, therefore we prefer the contemplative, narrative methods, which leave open the frame of interpretation (reference).

  • THE PEDAGOGICAL EXPERIMENT OF MONTESSORI-CONDUCTIVE EDUCATIONAL PRACTICE 2000-2003
    11-23
    Views:
    306

    The researchers call Montessori's pedagogy developer or development pedagogy. In the past decade, in Hungary, it appeared as a development pedagogy in the pedagogical practice. The conductive education is a special, complex pedagogical method [6] because it takes into consideration special educational needs in planning and implementation. We can view Mária Montessori's method as a development pedagogical method because it's suitable for children with special educational needs. Her pedagogical work began with children with intellectual disabilities. The Montessori development method has not yet occurred in conductive education. With our research, we wanted to broaden the use of the Montessori method in the practice of special education and development pedagogy. We wanted to confirm the similarity and difference of the holistic approach of the two doctor-pedagogues. It's explicable with Pető's holistic approach, why didn't entrust the development of perception, speech, motion, and communication difficulties to people working in different places and time. We introduced the Montessori conductive educational practice experimentally in the semesters of 2000-2003 and 2007-2008, in accordance with the student's college education. The purpose of the program was to demonstrate the practical application of the elements of the two methods and their coordinated operation.

  • Challenges and Coping Strategies of Widows in Ilorin Metropolis, Kwara State
    85-99
    Views:
    46

     Widowhood is embedded with a lot of challenges for women which requires strategies to cope with it. This study investigated the challenges and coping strategies of widows in the Ilorin metropolis. The population for this study consisted of selected widows in Ilorin, Kwara state. The sample consisted of fifty widows randomly selected. The instrument that was used for this study is a researcher-designed questionnaire tagged “Widow Practices Questionnaire (WPQ). In testing the hypotheses, t-test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistics were used to test the hypotheses generated for the study at a 0.05 level of significance. The study revealed that the widows experience challenges such as endures psychosocial problems after their partner’s demise, endures problems of poor governmental support, experience negative pressure from the family of the demise among others. The coping strategies employed by widows are; widows never depend on the family’s provision to survive since their partner’s demise, embrace grants from religious bodies and government for survival, and cope with gifts and luxuries provided by non-governmental groups for survival among others. Also, there were significant differences in the challenges experienced and coping strategies employed by widows in the Ilorin metropolis based on age and job type; while there were no significant differences in the challenges experienced and coping strategies employed by widows based level of education. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended that widows should be encouraged and supported by the government and religious bodies. Government and relevant stakeholders should endeavor to create measures and legislation that help protect the widows and preserve their rights as well as access to several benefits and the widows should be encouraged to meet counselors to disclose their problems, so that their challenges can be expertly addressed.

  • XAMINATION OF READING SKILLS IN PATIENTS WITH APHASIA USING THE THREE-WAYS READING TEST
    87-116
    Views:
    145

       Aphasia is an acquired disorder of previously intact language ability that can affect both oral and written language (Osmanné, 1997, Gósy, 2005). Whilst there are a few fairly useable methods available that can provide a global and true picture of the patient’s linguistic abilities in oral language (Osmanné, 1983, 2007), there is only one assessment method in use in Hungarian for measuring the reading skills and it is a part of the Western Aphasia Battery (Net 1). This assessment does not enable unambiguous interpretation at several points, the scoring method is sometimes not clear and most importantly the results do not mirror the patient’s performance that had been previously observed. This is why we have decided to develop a new diagnostic test.

       Our investigation of the reading process in aphasia is based on Ellis and Young’s theory of the dual-route model (Ellis, 2004). Our aim was to assess the patients’ performance in each reading process (route) so a therapy method can be created that is based on the intact reading process and supports the recovery of the damaged routes.

       The data for our pilot study were collected from patients who had both motor and sensory disturbances with motor dominance. The use of our testing method was smooth and easy in practice. The results confirm that the method is suitable to use in measuring the performance on different reading routes that can give guidance in designing the treatment approach.

  • REVISION OF HUNGARIAN VERSIONS OF THE ALTERNATIVE USES AND CIRCLES CREATIVITY TESTS IN CASES OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS STUDENTS
    41-47
    Views:
    971

    Although time plays a role as a latent or explicit factor in all creative processes, a direct examination of the role of time occurs less frequently in creativity research (Mező K., 2017; Mainemelis, 2002; Runco, 1999). This study focuses on the revision of Hungarian versions of creativity tests because the last standardization of these tests had been for more than 30 years. The applied tests were the Alternative Uses Test (as verbal creativity test), the Circles Test (as a figural test), and the Raven nonverbal intelligence test (as a complementary means of study). The sample of this study was 1363 elementary and secondary school students, whose 35331 responses were recorded and analyzed. According to the results, the differences in scores of the old and new (revised) evaluation tables of all tests and age groups are significant (p ≤ 0,05). From the viewpoint of the revised scores, there is a significant difference with respect to fluency, originality, and flexibility in both tests and all age groups. However, the differences in scores of other indicators (average originality, relative flexibility, and revised average originality) are not significant.

  • APPLICATION OF ANIMAL ASSISTANCE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF DEBRECEN FACULTY OF EDUCATION FOR CHILDREN AND SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS
    119-126
    Views:
    48

    Animal assistance used among university students is not unknown, numerous foreign examples prove its valid existence. The application aimed at university students appeared in the United States of America, but nowadays it is used in many countries around the world. The emergence of assistance dogs in higher education is related to the scientific interest aimed at discovering and measuring the causes of the positive effects experienced during the use of assistance animals. Simultaneously with the introduction of animal assistance training at the University of Debrecen Faculty of Education for Children and Special Educational Needs, the university student sensitization program began in 2021, within the framework of which students can meet the assistance dog serving on the university campus on a daily basis. The first university student sensitizer dog of the country has a multifaceted task, it not only performs tasks in the field of animal-assisted activity but also fulfills a socialization role with its presence, helping many to rethink their ideas about keeping animals. The study presents this socialization program.

  • SPORTING MOTIVATIONS OF STUDENTS WHO LIVE WITH DISABILITIES, IN THE LIGHT OF A REGIONAL RESEARCH
    35-44
    Views:
    279

    Among the sports motivations of children, victory occupies a very special place, success, achievement, the need to recognize performance, which predominantly expresses extrinsic orientation (Duda et al., 1992). Studies examining sports motivational factors for people with disabilities do not provide such a comprehensive system as research on intact sports. Thus, the survey of exercise habits and sports motivation factors that determine the quality of life of people with disabilities can be said to be a deficit area both domestically and internationally. The research examines the sports motivation factors of the 8-18 age group (n = 1158) and reports the results of primary research. I present the adaptation of the questionnaire conducted among the Hungarian disabled population to a child sample and its results. No such survey has yet been conducted in Hungary among children with disabilities. In the questionnaire research, the sports habits of young people with disabilities and the emergence of the role of health awareness in sports motivation. I process the data with the help of SPSS software, in addition to the basic statistics, I use the Chi2 test to examine the correlations.

  • CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL PROCESSES IN TISZALÖK
    95-104
    Views:
    140

    Our research conducted in Tiszalök is a part of a longer, multiple part research series, in which we will identify the main social features and map the current social processes in the less populous settlements of the more deprived regions of the country in particular. Basically, the aim of our research is to understand and present the perspective of the local people. The decisive criterion for the selection of research sites was that the smaller settlements of these peripheral regions are subject to rather unfavorable socio-demographic processes, including in particular the decline in the population, aging, and the increase in the share of the disadvantaged populations. These processes – unless there are significant changes – project an even more unfavorable vision of the future. The adverse socio-demographic processes described above are definitely observable in Tiszalök. Related to this, the primary objective of the research was to understand the opportunities, goals, and vision of the local youth most affected by migration, as well as to recognize the local community relations and the characteristics of cohabitation of the Roma and non-Roma population in particular. 

  • INTRODUCTION INTO SELECTIVE MUTISM
    45-57
    Views:
    269

    Parents, teachers, and often even experts (including psychologists and therapists) are baffled by a mysterious communicative disorder, which is defined by relevant literature as “selective mutism.” Children living with this disorder refuse to speak to anyone (especially in kindergarten and in school), in spite of the fact that their vocal development is unharmed and they communicate with their parents and other family members normally at home. This disorder may not cause problems in kindergarten but all the more so in school. Pedagogues lack any tools for the special treatment of non-speaking children, in order to help them overcome their communicative barriers, and this raises several obstacles in the teaching process. In this paper, the reasons leading to selective mutism are discussed besides the question of whether, in cognizance of the background knowledge, supporting experts (including teachers) can if at all, cooperate successfully in bridging and resolving symptoms.

  • THE ROLE OF THE FAMILY IN EMPLOYMENT AMONG UNDERGRADUATES
    7-19
    Views:
    332

    The role of the family as the arena for primary socialization is significant throughout our lives. The cultural capital, parental role models, and relationship with siblings all have a tremendous impact on academic and non-academic achievement, social networking, intra- and intergenerational embeddedness, and employment during studies. However, a change in family structure can negatively affect a child’s development, decrease his or her academic and non-academic achievement (Engler, 2016), and also causes a higher prevalence of health risk behaviours (Kovács and Nagy, 2017). In addition, due to the lower level of financial capital provided by the family, young people who have grown up in a non-intact family structure are often forced to work during their university or even high school studies to ensure their self-preservation. In our research, we examined the attitudes of the students studying at the University of Debrecen towards family and work in the light of the family structure, covering childhood storytelling experiences (BEST 2020). In addition to demographic issues, changes in family structure, childhood storytelling habits, and work-related attitudes were examined (N=159). 25.6% of the students’ parents are divorced, 24.3% grew up with their mother. 86.5% of the parents read tales in childhood, mostly (75%) every day, typically mothers. No significant difference could have been detected in childhood storytelling experiences based on family structure (p=0.322). Although the ratio of employment is higher among children of divorced parents, a significant difference is found at the beginning of employment. Based on the results, parents try to support university studies at least partly, but they are unlikely able to provide other resources that could force students to work. Based on our results, it can be stated that the role of the family in the early employment of young people is also significant, and the change in the family structure increases the proportion of employment besides university studies, which is mainly due to the family's financial situation.

  • INVESTIGATION OF FACTORS AFFECTING LIFELONG LEARNING FROM THE ASPECT OF THE IPOO MODEL IN A VOCATIONAL GRAMMAR SCHOOL
    57-68
    Views:
    130

    Developing good views on lifelong learning should not only be one of the goals of all teachers but also national and international strategies. Experiences, how some of the students participating in the training do not see the importance of this in all respects. A study analyzing individual factors of lifelong learning from the student's point of view examined and evaluated the opinions of students of different age groups (Gőgh, 2018). One of the main goals of the study was to explore the factors that students face with regard to lifelong learning, those factors that are most likely to lose their pleasures from learning and which can motivate them. From the point of view of the IPOO learning model, the resulting responses and deductible consequences may also be more clearly illuminated, so it is worth examining them from this approach. The results of the study are from a questionnaire-based study (n = 378), which is representative of the institutions participating in the survey, the BGéSZC Kossuth Lajos Bilingual Vocational Secondary School of Technology. It is worth thinking about the honest responses of students because they can include consequences on the institutional level and in general, with which learning motivations and willingness to learn can also be influenced in a positive direction that is essential for lifelong learning.

  • EFFECT OF SPORT ON SELF-ESTEEM, ANXIETY AND COPING OF EARLY ADOLESCENTS
    43-56
    Views:
    345

    This paper is about the effect of sport participation on self-esteem, anxiety, psychological immune system, and achievement motivation among early adolescents. Sample: 47 athletes (handballers) and 46 non-athletes boys took part in this research (age: 11-13 years). Methods: Coopersmith Self-esteem Inventory (Coopersmith, 1984), Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAI, Spielberg, 1973), Achievement Motivation Scale (Tóth, 2005) and Psychological Immune System Inventory Junior (PIK-J, Oláh, 2005). Results: sport increases self-esteem and coping, decreases anxiety and achievement motivation. Furthermore, these factors are not independent so positive changes in one field cause positive changes in others as well.

  • STUDENTS FROM ROMA COLLEGES FOR ADVANCED STUDIES IN HAJDÚ-BIHAR COUNTY
    41-60
    Views:
    178

    The main objective of the paper is to present students who are members of those kinds of Roma Colleges for Advanced Studies which headquarters can be found in Debrecen. The frame of the study is in connection with research that has been carried out in 2019 and dealt with three Colleges for Advanced Studies with 62 students. The relevance of the topic is given by the fact that by comparing Roma and non-Roma students’ ratio in tertiary education, we can recognize the phenomenon that the proportion of Roma students is still lower. We sought an answer to the question of what factors helped Roma students to achieve success in school. The research questionnaire assessed students’ socio-cultural background, learning motivation, high school experiences, and the ethnic patterns of networks. The theoretical framework of the empirical results is the outcome of the sociological researches that focus on Hungarian Roma children’s educational situation. These were supplemented by the description of the development programs. In the course of analysis, we compare the obtained data with the database of the Hungarian Youth 2016, as a consequence that, we get an idea of the groups of Roma youth for whom tertiary education has become available. One of our research targets includes the comparison of students with or without Roma identity.

  • DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS (DSM):TO BE OR NOT TO BE
    95-103
    Views:
    1825

    Although the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is considered to be one of the best diagnostic guides of all times, there are some voices that question its practicality, functionality, and flexibility as well. Even if it has never claimed it to be perfect, it is only stated/portrayed as an organized guide or guidance for information. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is the most widely used and acknowledged, and as well as time honoured (with successive editions over 70 years) system for diagnosing mental disorders in the United States and all over the world. Since 1952, the first edition (DSM-I) and its successive time honoured editions over 70 years. This study is focussing on debates, issues and concerns related to DSM-5, which has had in effect since 2013.

  • ANALYZING THE FACTORS INFLUENCING HEALTH BEHAVIOR IN CHILDHOOD – THE IMPACT OF MEDIA- AND COMPUTER USAGE ON HEALTH BEHAVIOR
    61-67
    Views:
    228

       According to WHO a new integrative mindset became relevant nowadays which sees people as bio-psycho-social-spiritual wholes. These factors start to form in childhood and those who work with people have a great responsibility to help to deploy them. The media and the internet have the main role in influencing these 4 dimensions. In our article, we attempt to reveal the effects of this psychologically relevant question on health behavior. Several risk behaviors can be mentioned which are caused by uncontrolled media and internet usage. Bullying through electronic devices („cyberbullying”) occurs more and more frequently which has multiple reasons. Nevertheless, in connection with the social dimension of well-being, an important cause of internet usage appears the sense of belonging. The formation of health psychology was legitimate as the biomedical model failed and the expenses of health care and the interest towards the quality of life increased, also alternative solutions became more in demand.

  • THE SITUATION OF INTEGRATION-SEGREGATION IN THE LIGHT OF A RESEARCH
    19-31
    Views:
    666

    Integration has been an international trend over the last two or three decades, the impact of which is increasingly evident in Hungary. EU resolutions emphasize social inclusion (UNESCO 1995, Europe 1998), ie advocating that children with special educational needs should not be unfairly discriminated against and excluded from society (UNESCO 1995). Integrated education in public education is a means of creating opportunities (Mesterházi, 2002).  In the integrated and segregated institution we present the results of a questionnaire survey of nursing teachers (n = 86) on the issue of integration, we were curious about how receptive the experts were. that a significant proportion of teachers in mainstream schools agree partly with integrated education on the basis of the responses given. Both their teachers and the special educators do not consider it appropriate, enough to implement integrated education.

  • The Role and Importance of Obstacle Course Training for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
    63-74
    Views:
    79

    Aim: In this study, we set out to describe the motor development deficits of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) based on existing research and to provide a methodologically based recommendation for the use of obstacle courses as a motor development tool and opportunity for children with ASD. Methods: a primary research study was conducted to present the results of semi-structured in-depth interviews with parents of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (N=25). The aim of the study was to provide a comprehensive summary of the experiences of a group of 25 interview participants whose children with autism spectrum disorder participated in an obstacle course movement development programme. The interviews explored the impact of obstacle course movement development on the children's various skills (motor, social, communication and emotional/behavioural). Results: the parents' experiences confirmed that the obstacle course physical activity programme, which was provided for at least six months, was not only effective in developing children's gross motor and fine motor skills, but also led to positive changes in social relationships, social skills, communication skills and emotional behaviour.