Keresés

Keresési eredmények

• COVID-19, lockdown, elderly. Experiences of the follow up research among active older adults 2020-2021.

  40-42

  Patyán László

  Bene Ágnes

  Stumpf-Tamás Ivett

  Megtekintések száma:

  132

  Introduction, aims:
  The COVID-19 pandemic caused invaluable harms on the World during last two years. Among all economic and societal consequences the negative effects for elderly people was also apparent. Researches - among others - focused on the age related inequalities for accessing and using services, economic disadvantages, the decline of psychical, physical and mental conditions, reduced quality of life, increased level of loneliness, stress and depression, such as the increase and new faces of ageism.
  This research focused on the individual and organizational consequences of COVID – 19 pandemic and the effects of the state interventions followed by. The target group were identified as active seniors who have leading positions in different local and regional senior’s associations. These people were affected individually as a member of the age group and as an experts with organizational responsibilities as well.

  Research method:
  We chose a qualitative follow up (longitudinal) research method that was committed by semi structured phone interviews, recorded and anonymised. The time of the two data record focused and followed the main Hungarian waves of the pandemic: May – June in 2020 and June – July in 2021. Sample were collected from all districts of Hungary (n=42).

  Main research topics were:
  - The situation of the older adults (experiences about the local older people, daily life, problems, issues, social connections)
  - The life in the organization (activities, new initiatives, problems, issues)
  - Individual experiences (fears, daily life, social connections, shopping habits, use of ICT, vaccination).

  Results:
  We found significant differences on the personal life situation and the perception of pandemic and related interventions during the two waves. Pandemic situation may influenced these results. The age related “stay at home campaign” made more difficulties for the older people during the first wave, meanwhile related interventions weren’t so strict during the second wave by introducing shopping timeline for older people and night curfew for all in the late nights. Even first wave did not cause such harm like the second one in Hungary.
  During the first wave we found older people as a rule following citizens. They followed all the restrictions and regulations strictly. Life situations mainly were determined by the living conditions, that is means the ones who lived in the countryside mainly a house with garden experienced less negative effects than those, who lived in the housing estate area (first wave mainly fall on March – May).
  Older people reported increased importance of the local authorities. With the lack of central supporting interventions, local authorities played main role for local support, care and security. If the local government took care of older people they felt safety. Less interventions and coordination made older people insecured.
  The second wave made new situations for people. Older adults became one of the first target groups in vaccination and people started to cope with the pandemic.
  Older adults became more critical with governmental interventions.
  Critics focussed on the
  - pandemic related communication, the vaccination (older people mainly got Shinofarm vaccine that was not accepted in the EU at that time),
  - difficulties with the availability of health services, and
  - they experienced increased economic problems.
  The life in the organization: during the first wave we found frozen life of the seniors organization, cancelled and delayed programmes. Some initiatives were also reported. People preferred to keep contact via phone instead of using another ICT tools. Some of the answerer worried about the community life, how they can restart after the pandemic, others preferred the forthcoming chance for personal meetings.
  Seniors organisations may play an important role of the senior’s life by organizing free time and social activities, advocacy, and many other aspects of active ageing. As we made a first extract of this research further analyse will focus more on the good examples and new initiatives on the social, community and organizational levels.

• Postoperative rehabilitation after total knee joint replacement

  49-50

  Vavro Michal

  Kollárová Lívia

  Szabó Dávid

  Libová Ľubica

  Megtekintések száma:

  62

  Objective:
  The pilot study objective was to evaluate the effect of comprehensive post-operative physiotherapeutic treatment on the selected physiotherapeutic parameters as well as patients’ quality of life after a total knee joint replacement surgery.

  Results:
  Thirty patients after total knee joint arthroplasty were enrolled into the pilot study. After completing the physiotherapeutic processes, we have observed among the patients who underwent a total knee replacement surgery, a significant increase in muscle strength as with the flexors as well as the extensors (p = 0.001), improvement in their range of motion in knee joint flexion, in comparison to its range before treatment (p = 0.001), knee pain reduction (p = 0.001) and post-operative swelling (p <0.001), respectively. After undergoing the physiotherapeutic procedures, we recorded a statistically significant improvement in the monitored physical components: dressing (p = 0.008) and toilet use (p = 0.001), transfer from bed to chair (p = 0.008), walking on flat surface (p = 0.001), climbing stairs (p = 0.001). Passing the physiotherapy significantly reduced the degree of dependence of operated patients (p = 0.001).

  Conclusion:
  Early post-operative physiotherapy treatment positively affects patients’ general condition. In addition, it improves muscle strength, range of motion of the operated joint, eliminates postoperative pain and reduces swelling that improves patients’ self-sufficiency. Standard physiotherapy nowadays and in the next few years will take a unique place in patients’ management after total knee joint replacement.

  Contact:
  PhDr. Mgr. Michal Vavro, PhD.
  Vysoká škola zdravotníctva a sociálnej práce sv. Alžbety, n.o. Bratislava; FZaSP sv. Ladislava, ul. Slovenská 11, 940 34 Nové Zámky, Slovenská republika
  +421 918531658
  michalkotkd@gmail.com

• Prelevance of falls in seniors hospitalized on gerontopsychiatric department, their risk factors and possibilities of preventive interventions

  34-37

  Libová Ľubica

  Kollárová Lívia

  Vanková Ľubica

  Vavro Michal

  Megtekintések száma:

  101

  Introduction:
  Falls and associated injuries are a serious problem for seniors in the home as well as in the medical environment. The main goal was to approach the issue of falls in the elderly in hospital facilities with regard to gerontopsychiatric issues and psychiatric treatment.
  Methodology:
  We used a questionnaire to find out the prevalence of falls in the elderly, the use of preventive measures and their effectiveness. The questionnaire had three sections that focused on demographics, medication, fall during hospitalization, a "Simple Screening Tool for Risk Assessment," and questions for nurses about the use of preventative measures. The sample consisted of 113 seniors in the age category over 65 years hospitalized in the psychiatric hospital Hronovce.
  Results:
  Based on the data obtained, there were no significant differences in the incidence of falls when comparing the age category up to 75 years and over 75 years. We can state that gerontopsychiatric patients are at risk of falling, regardless of their age. Of all participating survey respondents 46.9% fell and 53.1% did not fall during the study period, with 31% of patients falling repeatedly and 15.9% of patients fell once. In the survey sample 100% of respondents were taking psychotropic drugs, 46.9% were taking risk medication - benzodiazepines, and these respondents had a fall at least once during their hospitalization. We found out that the risk of falling is increased by almost half in patients with nocturnal disorientation, sensory disorders and dementia. In the group of respondents (56.7%) who needed help with movement, falls occurred more often than in patients without restricted movement ability, but the differences were not significant. Problems with defecation led to a higher prevalence of falls. Among seniors who fell, there were 14.2% of them who did not have a problem with defecation compared to 32.7% who had a problem with defecation or suffered from incontinence. Nurses used the most frequently some environmental adjustments in 66.4%, increased supervision of high-risk patients in 52.2%, and nurses used multiple interventions in 67.3% of cases as preventive measures against falls in the observed group of patients. Nurses considered as proven interventions: increased supervision of high-risk patients (16.0%), use of compensatory aids when walking (5.0%), suitable footwear, (14.0%), adjustments of the environment (29%) rehabilitation exercises (13.0%), adherence to a drinking regime (7.0%).
  Conclusion:
  In seniors with mental illness there was a higher incidence of falls regardless of age, the use of psychopharmacological treatment, especially in the form of benzodiazepines, led to a higher incidence of falls. Nursing staff used multiple interventions. The adjustment of the environment and the use of suitable anti-slip footwear proved to be the most effective.
  Contact:
  doc. PhDr. Ľubica Libová PhD.
  Vysoká škola zdravotníctva a sociálnej práce sv. Alžbety,n.o. Bratislava; FZaSP sv. Ladislava, ul. Slovenská 11 940 52 Nové Zámky, Slovenská republika
  +421 903169357
  lubica.libova@gmail.com

   

  PREVALENCIA PÁDOV U SENIOROV HOSPITALIZOVANÝCH NA GERONTOPSYCHIATRICKOM ODDELENÍ, ICH RIZIKOVÉ FAKTORY A MOŽNOSTI PREVENTÍVNYCH INTERVENCIÍ
  Kľúčové slová: Pády seniorov. Prevencia. Rizikové faktory.
  Úvod:
  Pády a s nimi spojené úrazy predstavujú závažný problém u seniorov v domácom ako aj v zdravotníckom prostredí. Hlavným cieľom bolo priblížiť problematiku pádov u seniorov v nemocničných zariadeniach z ohľadom na gerontopsychiatrickú problematiku a psychiatrickú liečbu.
  Metodika:
  Na zistenie prevalenciu pádov seniorov, používanie preventívnych opatrení a ich efektivitu sme použili protokol. Protokol mal tri časti, ktoré boli zamerané na demografické údaje, medikáciu, pád počas hospitalizácie, „Jednoduchý skríningový nástroj na posúdenie rizika“ a otázky pre sestry o používaní preventívnych opatrení. Výberový súbor tvorilo 113 seniorov vo vekovej kategórii nad 65 rokov hospitalizovaných v psychiatrickej nemocnici Hronovce.
  Výsledky:
  Na základe získaných údajov pri porovnaní vekovej kategórie do 75 rokov a nad 75 rokov neboli významné rozdiely vo výskyte pádu. Môžeme konštatovať, že gerontopsychiatrickí pacienti sú rizikový pre pád bez ohľadu na svoj vek. Zo všetkých zúčastnených respondentov prieskumu počas sledovaného obdobia spadlo 46,9 % a nespadlo 53,1 %, pričom 31 % pacientov spadlo opakovane, 15,9 % pacientov spadlo raz. V prieskumnej vzorke 100% respondentov užívalo psychofarmaká z nich 46,9% užívalo rizikovú medikáciu - benzodiazepíny a u týchto respondentov sa vyskytol pád počas hospitalizácie najmenej raz. Zistili sme, že riziko pádu sa zvyšuje takmer o polovicu u pacientov s nočnou dezorientáciou, zmyslovými poruchami a demenciou. V skupine respondentov (56,7%), ktorí potrebovali pomoc pri pohybe sa vyskytol pád častejšie ako u pacientov bez obmedzeného pohybu ale rozdiely neboli významné. Problémy s vyprázdňovaním viedli k vyššej miere prevalencie pádov. Spadlo 14,2 % seniorov, ktorí nemali problém s vyprázdňovaním oproti 32,7%, ktorí mali problém s vyprázdňovaním alebo trpeli inkontinenciou. Najčastejšie sestry používali ako preventívne opatrenia voči pádom v skúmanom súbore pacientov úpravu prostredia v 66,4 % , zvýšený dohľad nad rizikovými pacientmi v 52,2 %, viacnásobné intervencie používali v 67,3 % prípadov. Pričom ako osvedčené intervencie považovali sestry: zvýšený dohľad/dozor nad rizikovými pacientmi (16,0 %), používanie kompenzačných pomôcok pri chôdzi (5,0 %), vhodnú obuv, (14,0 %), úpravu prostredia ( 29%) rehabilitačné cvičenie (13,0 %), dodržiavanie pitného režimu (7,0 %).
  Záver:
  U seniorov s duševným ochorením bol vyšší výskyt pádov bez ohľadu na vek, užívanie psychofarmakologickej liečby najmä vo forme benzodiazepínov viedlo k väčšiemu výskytu pádov. Ošetrujúci personál používal viacnásobné intervencie. Ako najúčinnejšie sa osvedčilo upravenie prostredia a používanie vhodnej protišmykovej obuvi.
  Korešpondujúci autor:
  doc. PhDr. Ľubica Libová PhD.
  Vysoká škola zdravotníctva a sociálnej práce sv. Alžbety,n.o. Bratislava; FZaSP sv. Ladislava, ul. Slovenská 11 940 52 Nové Zámky, Slovenská republika
  +421 903169357
  lubica.libova@gmail.com
  Zber dát prebiehal so súhlasom etickej komisie zdravotníckeho zariadenia a s informovaným súhlasom respondentov.

• Spiritual care in Slovenian nursing homes: a quantitative descriptive study

  29-30

  Karnjuš Igor

  Bogdan Denis

  Prosen Mirko

  Ličen Sabina

  Megtekintések száma:

  94

  Introduction:
  Spiritual care is an important component of holistic care in nursing. However, health care workers are not unanimous in who is responsible for the spiritual care of patients. It is likely that nurses are best suited to provide spiritual care because of the nature of their work, which requires constant contact with patients. Yet, meeting spiritual needs is not well defined in the role of nurses and is not always taught comprehensively in formal nursing education programmes. The aim of this study was to explore the extent to which nurses working in social care settings implement interventions related to spiritual care in their daily practise, how they perceive their knowledge of spiritual care, and the extent to which this dimension of care was included in their nursing education programmes.
  Methods:
  A non-experimental quantitative descriptive research study was used. In April 2020, 214 nurse assistants and registered nurses from 12 nursing homes in Slovenia participated in the study. The questionnaire used in the study included 12 statements related to 3 main areas: i) knowledge of the concepts of spirituality and religion, ii) implementation of spiritual/religious interventions in daily practice, iii) spirituality in nursing education. The individual statements were rated by the respondents on a 5-point Likert scale (1 - strongly disagree to 5 - strongly agree). The questionnaire had adequate internal consistency (Cronbach alpha = 0.857). Data were described using calculated means, Mann-Whitney U test, and Spearman correlation coefficient. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant.
  Results:
  Regular spiritual assessment of nursing home residents is rarely performed by nurses (x̄=2.73, s=1.03). Female nurses (U=2191.500, p=0.008) and nurses who described themselves as religious (U=3314.000, p=0.001) implement spiritual/religious interventions in daily practice to a greater extent; they also expressed higher knowledge of the concepts of spirituality and religion compared to the others (religious/non-religious: U=2920.000, p=0.000; female/male: U=1885.000, p=0.000). The implementation of spiritual/religious interventions in daily practice correlated positively and statistically significantly mainly with self-perceived knowledge of the concepts of spirituality and religion (r=0.495, p=0.000) and the extent to which the content of spiritual care was represented in their nursing education program (r=0.494, p=0.000). However, nurses emphasized that the concept of spirituality and spiritual care tended to be poorly represented in formal nursing education programs (x̄=2.76, s=0.89).
  Discussion and conclusions:
  Individual characteristics, particularly self-reported religiosity and gender, appear to have an important influence on the implementation of spiritual/religious interventions in daily practise. In addition, our study suggests that the level of knowledge about the concepts of spirituality and religion influences nurses' willingness to implement spiritual care with their residents. Therefore, nursing educators need to develop curricula that include strategies to increase trainees' awareness of spiritual care. Current international research efforts on perceptions of spirituality and spiritual care in nursing offer important contributions to understanding the role of nursing in relation to spirituality and to developing educational content and approaches for both undergraduate and lifelong learning in nursing.

• Active Ageing Good Practices Promoting Intergenerational Communication and Understanding

  5-6

  Maria Aurora Fenech

  Edel Borg Mizzi

  Megtekintések száma:

  33

  Persistent negative stereotypes on the aging process and the older person are noticeable within the current youth-orientated culture. Older persons may also hold negative stereotypes about the younger generation. These undesirable typecasts co-exist because younger and older persons often have limited contact with each other. Indeed, the younger generation, only gets to engage in communication with the older person within the family unit, rarely outside their own familial structures. Similarly, older persons, residents of long-term care have limited opportunities of interacting with the younger generation.

• Okostelefon-használat időseknél

  24-29

  Kassai Anett

  Pék Győző

  Megtekintések száma:

  128

  Az okostelefon használat életünk nélkülözhetetlen részévé vált. Az okostelefonok folyamatos internetelérhetőség, a letölthető alkalmazások óriási száma minden korosztály számára lehetőséget nyújtanak a kapcsolattartásra, a szórakozásra és az ügyintézésre. Publikációnkban áttekintjük az időskori okostelefon használattal kapcsolatos kutatási eredményeket. A problémás használat bemutatását követően, az idős és fiatal felhasználók közötti különbségek bemutatására fókuszálunk. A problémás használat a fiatalabb korosztályokban jellemző. A készülékhasználat motivációja, a használt alkalmazások jelentősen különböznek a fiatalabb és idősebb korosztályok között. Az eredmények szerint, az idősek gyakran motiváltak az okostelefon használatára, az excesszív használatot feltételezhetően a korral együtt járó testi problémák, a pénzügyi nehézségek, valamint a készülékkel kapcsolatos ismeretek hiánya gátolja.

• COVID-19 hatása az idős korúak online vásárlási szokásaira - vizsgálat két régióban

  146-158

  Stumpf-Tamás Ivett

  Megtekintések száma:

  151

  A COVID-19 jelentős mértékben befolyásolta az emberek életét, az idősekét is, akik igyekeztek leszűkíteni a személyes kapcsolataikat, különösen a karantén időszakokban. Megváltozott a mindennapi életük, többek között a vásárlási szokásaik is átalakultak. A Debreceni Egyetem Egészségtudományi Kar Gerontológiai Tanszékének longitudinális kutatása adta a kutatásom alapját. 2021 nyarán két régióra kiterjedő interjús kutatást végeztem, amelyben arra kerestem a választ, hogy a COVID-19 járvány milyen mértékben befolyásolta az idős szervezetek tagjainak életét, hogyan változtak meg szokásaik, például a digitális eszközök használatával és általában a fogyasztással kapcsolatban. Az eredmények alapján elmondható, hogy míg 2020-ban a pandémia ideje alatt főként telefonon tartották egymással a kapcsolatot a szervezetek tagjai, 2021-ben már közel azonos számban voltak azok akik a hagyományos telefonos és azok, akik az online kapcsolattartást preferálták. Az online kapcsolattartás és az internethasználat feltehetőleg azért lett elterjedtebb, mert az idősebbek nyitottabbak lettek az online világ iránt. A vizsgált időszakban megnőtt az idősek hajlandósága a digitális eszközök használatára és kiszélesedtek a lehetőségeik is, például a kompetenciáik (gyakran kényszerű) fejlesztésével. Igaz ez az online vásárlásokra is. Mint a hazai fogyasztói korcsoportok mindegyikében, úgy az idősek körében is nőtt az online fogyasztás. Erre esetükben elsősorban a digitalizációval kapcsolatos lehetőségeik bírnak befolyással.
  A digitalizáció legfőbb előnye az idősek számára, hogy sokkal könnyebben tudják egymással tartani a kapcsolatot, köztük a távolabb élő családtagokkal is, míg hátránya közé tartozik, hogy nem minden idős személy engedheti meg magának, hogy rendelkezzen a megfelelő kompetenciákkal, technikai feltételekkel és internet hozzáféréssel.

• Generációk közötti feszültségek okai, csökkentésének lehetőségei

  2-10

  Bekéné Zelencz Katalin

  Megtekintések száma:

  257

  A szerző a fiatalok és az idősek közötti feszültségek okait igyekszik feltárni. Rávilágít a gondolkodás és a személyiség fejlődés területeire, a két generáció közötti különbségekre, és hasonlóságokra is valamint a feszültségek csökkentésére megoldási alternatívákat kínál. Feltárja a fiatalok és a szépkorúak állapotbeli nehézségeit is. A szerző célja, hogy a különböző korosztályok megismerjék egymás problémáit, életkori szakaszok feladatait, ezzel is a generációk közötti feszültséget szeretné csökkenteni. Továbbá célja, hogy az ageizmust megelőzését előmozdítsa, segítse a generációk közeledését.

• Vulnerability of elderly consumers - their children's perception

  17-19

  Balázs Katalin

  Vincze Petronella

  Hujber-Mitru Szilvia

  Megtekintések száma:

  56

  The research goal was studying elderly individuals’ consumer vulnerability in an unusual way. This is a topical issue, as for example the high prevalence of grandparent scams and other older adult-focused criminal activities is well known in the literature (e.g., AARP Foundation, 2003; Boush & mtsai, 2009; Yip & Schweitzer, 2015; Valant, 2015). A broad spectrum of studies (e.g., Carpenter & Yoon, 2017; Lee & Geitsfied, 1999; Peters et al., 2007) focuses on the aging consumer’s features that can be blamed for their vulnerability, as for example changes in cognitive capacity, fast speech processing and openness for social contact. The novelty of the present study is two-folded. First, a psychological approach was followed focusing on the role of persuasion knowledge (Friestad & Wright; 1994) and self-efficacy (Bandura, 1994) in this context. Second, not the elderly population, but their children’s perception was investigated in a mixed-method study.