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Perceived social support in old age
78-102Views:582Background and aims: In our research, we examined how the degree of perceived social support depends on factors (gender, age, marital status, health, giving up independent living) and how it is related to experiencing aging.
Methods: In our study, we used questionnaires examining social support, attitudes to ageing, life satisfaction, and depression in old age.
Results and discussion: Perceived social support shows a decreasing trend with age, and is lower in the case of singles, those in poor health, and those living in nursing homes. It can be said that all three types of support decreases with age at those living independent, but those living in nursing homes the social support is the lowest in the case of the youngest (65-74 years) and the highest at the of 75-89 years, and the instrumental support over 90 years old. Higher perceived social support results in higher levels of life satisfaction, lower level of depression and more positive experiences of ageing. It is important to note, however, that the support actually provided and the perceived support are not the same.
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Survey on unvaccinated elderly people during the Covid-19 pandemic. The patterns of sandwich generation and the age transition to old age
2-18Views:238The article focuses on the most important aspects of the first processing of the Hungarian results. The study involved 507 individuals: 117 men, 380 women, 2 individuals identified as ‘other’, and 8 respondents did not want to answer this question. The data processing shows that a large number of non-vaccinated people do not believe that they are at risk of developing COVID-19 virus. 42% of the non-vaccinated are very sure that the vaccine will not work, and 30.6% are afraid that they will become infected because of the vaccine. They do not feel safe after vaccinations and are afraid of the undiscovered consequences, and have more confidence in their natural immunity. 61.8% would not require the vaccine for themselves, nor in the future. 67.3% want to wait to see how vaccines work in other people. During processing, those with a specific anti-vaccinationist attitude could be identified and their profile was drawn. During the analysis, important aspects were identified for the development of effective communication strategies with the unvaccinated elderly. Highlighting the patterns of sandwich generation and the age transition to old age was also important aspect of analysis.
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COVID -19 pandémia Magyar oltatlan idősek oltási attitűdjei, pszichológiai és demográfiai jellemzői
109-110Views:133Módszer:
A pandémia kapcsán az oltatlanok magyar mintájának kérdőíves felmérésének összehasonlító elemzését végeztük el pszichológiai és demográfiai szempontok alapján. A vizsgálati adat felvétel 2021 augusztus 27.-től október 13.ig tartott. A résztvevők 18 éven felüliek, akik még nem kaptak semmilyen oltást a COVID-19 vírus ellen.
Az alkalmazott módszer: on-line kérdőíves felmérés.
A felmérés nem politikai, hanem tudományos célú, és eredményei reményeink szerint hozzájárulnak a COVID- 19 járvány szakszerűbb kezeléséhez. A felmérés a magyar team mellett lengyel, szlovén és román egyetemi kutatókkal való együttműködésben valósult meg.A vizsgálati dimenziók a következők:
Jóllét a járvány idején
Depresszió, szorongás és stressz (DASS21)
Oltási attitűdök (VAX)
Oltási információ források
Vallásosság
Demográfiai mutatókEredmények:
Az előadás a magyar eredmények első feldolgozásának leglényegesebb szempontjainak bemutatására koncentrál. A vizsgálatban 478 személy, 113 férfi, 363 nő, 2 „egyéb”-ként azonosított személy vett részt. Az adatok első feldolgozásából is szembeötlő, hogy az oltatlanok mintájában láthatóan nagyon sokan nem hiszik, hogy fennállna annak a veszélye, hogy megbetegednek a COVID-19 vírus miatt. A vizsgált oltatlanok 42 %-a nagyon biztos abban, hogy a vakcina nem fog működni, 30.6% fél, hogy a vakcina miatt meg fog fertőződni. Általában nem érzik magukat biztonságban az oltások után, továbbá félnek annak még fel nem fedezett következményeitől, illetve a természetes immunitásban jobban bíznak. 61.8% kifejezetten nem akar vakcinát saját maga számára, a jövőben sem. 67.3% szeretné megvárni, hogyan működnek az oltások más embereknél. Az feldolgozás folyamán azonosítani lehetett a kifejezetten oltáselleneseket. Őket politikai hovatartozásuk alapján, vallásosságuk szerint és lakóhelyüket tekintve is elemeztük. Az elemzések segítenek fontos szempontokat azonosítani az oltatlan idősekkel kapcsolatos kommunikációs stratégiák kialakításánál.
Eredményeinknek a párhuzamosan lezajlott nemzetközi vizsgálatokkal összefüggésben való értelmezése is része a célkitűzéseinknek. -
COVID -19 pandemic, surveys on elderly about vaccination. National and European perspectives
14-17Views:143A summary of Symposium titled COVID-19 pandemic, surveys on elderly about vaccination reserved in this abstract.
The severe cases of COVID-19 in Europe. A comparative analysis using SHARE data base
The paper focuses on the severe cases of COVID-19 in Europe and the predictors of these cases. The author used the secondary analysis of a large data base (SHARE) of persons aged 50 or more from the EU countries and the Switzerland. The data have been collected in the summer of 2020. In the first part the focus is on the theoretical starting point of the analysis. In the second part the main outputs are presented.
How to convince the undecided - communication with the elderly and attitudes towards vaccination COVID-19 in Poland
The pandemic has had its toll on the socio-economic life of most people. Governments and international organizations face new challenges in a situation of uncertainty. Social campaigns are designed to encourage as many people as possible to join the vaccination plan. Achieving population resilience requires a significant commitment of organizational, financial and communication resources.
Older people constitute a priority group in the vaccination system in Poland. However, despite the measures taken, there remains a significant share of seniors who remain reluctant to vaccination. The government is taking further pro-turnout measures targeted at the elderly. The shortcomings of the existing strategies should be eliminated for the benefit of society.
The aim is to summarize the research conducted in the field of the needs and possibilities of communication with the elderly, attitudes towards vaccinations and sources of influence on making purchasing decisions of seniors.
Vaccination attitudes – international project in Central and Eastern Europe
The beginnings of the project date back to 2020. The uncertainty that became commonplace in the times of the pandemic indicated new areas of previously unknown dependencies. Stress, uncertainty, attitudes towards the threat, protective behaviour, and soon also attitudes towards vaccination seemed the most important at that time. Examining the existing dependencies would allow a better understanding of the phenomenon of social responses to the pandemic and would support governmental and non-governmental, national and international actions that would be an important tool in the fight against the negative consequences of a spreading COVID-19.
Scientists from Central and Eastern European countries representing different disciplines (sociology, economics, communication, statistics, psychology and psychiatry) joined forces in a common international project investigating the relationship between attitudes towards vaccines and the level of perceived mental health, uncertainty, socio-demographic variables and the level of religiosity. Core aims of the project were to analyse the model of predictors concerning demographic, psychological, and social factors influencing the intention to vaccinate against COVID-19 and to provide the information to prepare and implement more effective and efficient health messaging strategies and campaigns targeting groups reluctant to COVID-19 vaccination in Eastern and Central European countries.
The project involved the development of a common research tool - a questionnaire, parallel research in four countries of Central and Eastern Europe (Poland, Romania, Slovenia, Hungary), more than 2000 respondents (unvaccined adults) and joint development of the results of the analysis, using the potential of all involved partners.
The project is still developed to next stages of investigation. Results will be published in high quality journals in years 2022 and 2023.Partners involved represent: University of Gdańsk (Poland), University of Oradea (Romania), University of Ljubljana (Slovenia), University of Debrecen (Hungary).
More information: k.balandynowicz@ug.edu.pl.
Survey on unvaccinated Hungarian elderly people during the COVID-19 pandemic
During the pandemic, we performed a comparative study of the Hungarian unvaccinated people, focusing on psychological and demographic aspects in our questionnaire. The survey data collection lasted from 27 August to 13 October 2021. Participants were over 18 years of age who have not yet received any vaccination against the COVID-19 virus.
The method used is an on-line questionnaire survey.
The survey is not for political but for scientific purposes, and we hope that its results will contribute to a more professional management of the COVID-19 epidemic. The survey of Hungarian team was conducted in collaboration with Polish, Slovenian and Romanian university researchers.
The test dimensions are as follows:
Well-being at the time of pandemic (happiness, health.)
Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS21)
Vaccination Attitudes Examination Scale (VAX)
Sources of information about vaccination
Religiosity level
Demographics (metrics)
The presentation focuses on the most important aspects of the first analysis of the Hungarian results. The study involved 478 people: 113 men, 363 women, and 2 people identified as “other”. It is worth highlighting from the first processing of the data that a large number of unvaccinated people do not believe that they are at risk of getting the COVID-19 virus. In our sample 42% of the unvaccinated are very sure that the vaccine will not work, and 30.6% are afraid that they will become infected because of the vaccine. They do not usually feel safe after vaccinations, they are afraid of the undiscovered consequences, and they trust more in their natural immunity. 61.8% definitely do not want a vaccine for themselves, nor in the future. 67.3% want to wait to see how vaccines work in other people. During processing, we could identify the ones with a definite anti-vaccination attitude. They were also analyzed on the basis of their political affiliation, religiosity, and place of residence. Regarding the DASS-21 depression subscale, the young age group scored significantly higher than the elderly. According to the DASS-21 stress subscale, the value belonging to young people is significantly higher than that of older people. On the Vaccination Attitudes Examination (VAX) Scale’s concerns about financial profiteering subscale, seniors scored significantly higher. Interpreting our results in the context of parallel international studies is also part of our objectives. Our results provide an opportunity to serve important aspects for the communication strategies with unvaccinated elderly. -
Active, Creative Aging I. - Coping
14-28Views:518Background and aims: In our research, we examined how the last stage of their lives is experienced by older people who engage in creative activity (handicraft, fine arts, textile art) aimed at creating a lasting work at this stage of their life.
Methods: In our study, we used questionnaires examining proactive coping, life satisfaction, geriatric depression, and the meaning of life.
Results and discussion: The higher level of search for meaning measured by creators may be related to the complex nature of the search, which may involve the mental stress associated with life cycle change and the ability to cope with it and the possibility of development, so that creative activity can be interpreted as a kind of protective factor. In the group of creators, reflective coping (exploring and analyzing several solution options and the resources needed for the solution) showed the highest value, which may result from the creativity and divergent thinking of those engaged in creative activity. -
Az idősek magánnyal és egyedülléttel való megküzdésének segítése a szociális szakmákban
113-115Views:290Az idősöknek saját magukkal kapcsolatos negatív sztereotípiáik is befolyásolják az időskori jelenségek megélését. Akik az idős kort a magányosság korának tartják, hajlamosak a magányosság fokozott megélésére. A magányosság átélése szorosan összefügg az észlelt szociális támogatás mértékével. Az észlelt szociális izoláció az élet minden szakaszában számos kedvezőtlen egészségi mutatóval kapcsolatos, így a depresszióval, alvászavarokkal, romló kivitelező funkciókkal, növekvő kognitív hanyatlással, rossz kardiovaszkuláris funkcióval és csökkent immunitással (Berg-Weger és Morley 2020). Különösen idős korban szaporodnak a magányossággal kapcsolatos hátrányok. A szociális szférában különösen az idősekkel foglalkozók megterhelései vezethetnek kiégéshez, így témánkhoz kapcsolhatjuk a kiégés megelőzésének és kezelésének szempontjait is.
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Okostelefon-használat időseknél
24-29Views:159Smartphone usage is a necessary part of out life. The permanent internet access provided by smartphones, and the huge number of downloadable applications give opportunity to keeping contact, entertain and administration for all ages. In our publication we review the results of researches regarding smartphone usage among elderly. After introduce the problematic smartphone use we focus on the differences of young and older users. Problematic usage is a characteristic of youth users. There is a significant differences among young and older users in the field of the motivation basis of smartphone usage, and the used applications. According to the results seniors are often motivated to smartphone use but excessive usage is inhibited by physical problems, financial difficulties and the lack of knowledge relation to gadgets.
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Az időskori szerencsejáték zavar
11-22Views:149The aim of our study is to summarize and analyze the researches about elderly gambling. There are extensive studies about adolescents and adult gambling, we know demographic factors, motivation base and personality traits which contribute to the initiation and maintenance of problem. There are only a few studies dealing with elderly gambling and there is no study focusing gamblers above 65 in Hungary. Therefore in our study we can use articles from abroad. According to the results elderly gambling differs from adolescents and adult gambling regarding many aspects.
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Active, Creative Aging II. – Flow
52-65Views:350Background and aims: In our research, we examined the flow and antiflow experience that older people experience in different life situations (loneliness, time with family and friends, domestic work, leisure or creative activity).
Methods: In our study, we used a questionnaire examining flow and antiflow experience (anxiety, boredom, apathy) by Oláh A.
Results an discussion: Overall, creative activity and other leisure activities provide greater flow and less antiflow experience than doing housework. The flow experienced in the family circle is higher in the elderly than in the group of friends. Those engaged in creative activity reported higher flow and lower antiflow experience during loneliness than the control group engaged in other leisure activities.